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Biomedical subjects

Iu S Astakhov

Publications and source records attributed to Iu S Astakhov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Mutations and polymorphisms in the genes for myocilin and optineur in as the risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma].

A collection of DNA samples obtained from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients from St. Petersburg was analyzed for single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) to reveal sequence variants in exon 3 of the myocilin gene (MYOC/TIGR) and in exons 4 and 5 of the optineurin gene (OPTN), where most of the mutations revealed worldwide are located. The Q368X mutation (c. 1102 C --> T) in exon 3 of MYOC/TIGR was detected in 1.2% (2/170) of the POAG patients from St. Petersburg, i.e., with the frequency close to that observed in other world populations. Three known polymorphisms in exon 3 of MYOC/TIGR, Y347Y (c. 1041 T --> C) (12.4%), T325T (c. 975 G --> A) (0.6%), and K398R (c. 1193 A --> G) (0.6%) were also detected. No statistically significant differences in frequencies of these polymorphisms were revealed between the POAG patient and control groups. The L41L polymorphism (c. 433 G --> A) in exon 4 of OPTN was detected in 2.9% of probands and in 1% of controls. The frequency of heterozygotes for the M98K polymorphism (c. 603 T --> A) in the OPTN exon 5 was statistically significantly higher (P = 0.036; Fisher's exact test) among the POAG patients (6.5%) than among the controls (1%). In the sample examined the E50K mutation, typical of the patients with pseudonormal intraocular pressure glaucoma, was not found.

Amino Acid Substitution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radionuclide imaging of lacrimal duct in health and disease].

Dacryoscintigraphy is a perspective method for examination of the lacrimal system function. It has many advantages over other methods (functional tests, roentgenography, and computer-aided tomography) and notably improves the diagnostic potentialities of examination of the lacrimal function. The technique and results of the method are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effectiveness of treating peripapillary geographic choriopathy].

The results of treatment of 77 patients (127 eyes) with peripapillary geographic choriopathy (PGC) were generalized. The drug therapy gave positive results in 45.4% of cases, relative stabilization was noted in 54.6% of cases. In patients with stages I-II PGC in comparison with stage III the efficacy of treatment was significantly higher. Improvement in the exudative phase of PGC was achieved 2.6 times frequently than in the cicatricial phase. In the patients who received 2-3 courses of therapy annually the likelihood of persistence of the stabilization of the disease is 91.2%, while without treatment it descends to 29.7%. In argon laser coagulation (ALC) the positive result was obtained in 17 out of 26 eyes and retained more than 2 years in 15 out of 23 eyes. After choreoid revascularization (CR) in patients with stages II-III PGC (with visual that in those untreated functions disorders) improvement continued for 17(10 months in all 6 eyes. Operative treatment of retinal detachment in patients with PGC is effective. The findings suggest the higher likelihood of persistence of stabilization in cases of treatment in patients treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Retinoschisis. 1. Diagnosis, classification, examination methods].

Extensive clinical data (595 patients) were made use of to work out a clinical classification and to isolate 2 groups of patients, i.e. one with primary retinoschisis and the other with secondary retinoschisis. According to etiopathogenesis, primary retinoschisis is subdivided into the inherited (congenital) variation and the acquired one. Congenital retinoschisis comprises, in its turn, juvenile and linked with X-chromosome variants as well as retinoschisis observed in Goldman-Favre and Wagner syndromes. The group of acquired retinoschisis is made up of degenerative (senile) and myopic variants, which are triggered by the typical or cystic peripheral retinal degeneration. Secondary retinoschisis is observed in different eye diseases like trauma, diabetes, uveitis, angiomatosis etc. The central, peripheral and combined retinoschisis variations are distinguished according to localization; two variations are distinguished according to the disease clinical course, i.e. stationary with demarcation and complicated progressing without demarcation and with uneven borders. The study results show that retinoschisis of any variation begins at the extreme periphery; lamination of the flat type develops primarily in the lower-external quadrant and the one of the bullous type--in the upper-external quadrant.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Present-day trends in the development of nonpenetrating surgery of glaucoma].

The so-called nonpenetrating surgeries have been, during the recent years, used on an expanding basis in patients with open-angle glaucoma. The paper focuses on their evolution from sinusotomy, suggested by M.M. Krasnov in 1962, to different variations of temporal-canal-stomy. Efficiency of the penetrating and nonpenetrating surgeries is comparatively analyzed; their possible action mechanisms are elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Implantation of porous polytetrafluoroethylene orbital inserts: techniques and outcomes. Communication 1].

This paper presents the outcomes of 230 primary, advanced, and secondary implants of polytetrafluoroethylene orbital inserts manufactured by the closed joint stock company "Nauchno-Proizvodstvennyi Kompleks (Scientific-and-Production Complex) "Ekoflon" (Saint Petersburg). The duration of a follow-up was 6-36 months (mean 15.9 +/- 037 months). The accumulated experience suggests that polytetrafluoroethylene orbital inserts are noted for their biocompatibility, easiness of manual treatment, and simplicity of implantation. Thus, porous polytetrafluoroethylene orbital inserts are promising medical articles designed for the prevention and treatment of the anophthalmic syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Implantation of porous polytetrafluoroethylene orbital inserts: complications. Communication 2].

The purpose of the study was to analyze the pattern and frequency of complications following 230 implants of porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) orbital inserts. The total frequency of the complications to be treated was 7.4%. Among them there were pointed conjunctival perforations during enucleation (1.3%); early exposures of orbital inserts due to surgical defects (2%); late exposures caused by the planned replacement of an old prosthesis by a new one that had proved to be poorly adjusted (1.4%); significant bleapharoptosis (2%); lower eyelid atony (0.7%). Noteworthy is the fact that there were no infectious complications. Thus, implantation of PTFE orbital inserts is attended by a very narrow range of the complications, which are typical of this branch of ophthalmosurgery, whose frequency is not greater than the use of implants made from other porous materials.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new device for measuring blood pressure in the ophthalmic artery: automated vacuum ophthalmodynamometer].

A new vacuum ophthalmodynamometer is suggested. When measuring the orbital artery pressure, ophthalmic tone elevation is achieved via creating vacuum in suction cup located on the sclera. Changes in the design helped improve the accuracy of measurements and their safety, as against the known analogs. Vacuum ophthalmodynamometer may be used to activate the routes of intraocular fluid discharge after fistulization surgery, preoperative reduction of intraocular pressure, vacuum compression test carried out to diagnose glaucoma.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gamma resonance velocimetry of the eye].

A new method for the registration of ocular orbital pulse in humans is suggested, based on the nuclear gamma resonance effect. In normal subjects the velocity of the corneal movement over the period of a cardiac contraction is under 0.3 mm/s, and the mean amplitude of corneal transposition is 21.8 +/- 0.6 microns. The amplitude of corneal transposition and the cardiac cycle length are in square relationship.

Adolescent↗