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Biomedical subjects

Iu S Mardynskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to Iu S Mardynskiĭ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Role of radiotherapy of lung cancer].

Data on the 3-year end results of radiotherapy of inoperable localized nonsmall-cell lung cancer (286) and 5-year (98)--for chemoradiotherapy are compared. Three-year survival after hyperfractionated radiotherapy was 23.7% as compared with 11.3% when standard procedures were used. Five-year survival after hyperfractionated radiotherapy using dose escalation, induction consolidation chemotherapy with iphosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin or carboplatin rose from 3.8 to 24%, while patients were discharged 2-3 weeks earlier.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Long-term results of pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy in the combined treatment for stomach cancer].

The paper discusses the end results of combined treatment of stomach cancer (radical surgery plus pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy). A randomized evaluation showed that it might be used for loco-regional monitoring. Five-year rates and median of survival rose significantly, as compared with surgery alone, in tumor extension through the stomach wall (T3-4), metastatic dissemination to lymph nodes (N1-2), combinations of such pathologies as well as in cases of low-differentiated, undifferentiated and signet- cell cancer.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed2006

[Low-dose accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy for local control of chemoresistant Hodgkin's disease (a prospective randomized trial)].

The results are evaluated of the combined treatment of 154 patients with relapsed refractory Hodgkin's disease, which was conducted using standard dosage of conventional chemotherapy. Out of those, 117 with residual lesions were randomized to receive either focal radiotherapy (20-24 Gy) in accelerated hyperfractionation (1.3-1.5 Gy, twice a day, at 5-hr interval) or 38-40 Gy in standard fractionation. Local control persisted in 85-97% of irradiated sites (median follow-up of 24 months), irrespective of irradiation technique. TTD being lowered down to 20-24 Gy due to use of accelerated hyperfractionation, the frequency of late-onset radiation injuries of paramediastinal lung tissue was lower than in standard treatment, with a subsequently lower fraction of patients with stage II fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer in conjunction with extended lymph node dissection: results of phase II clinical study].

The paper discusses our findings on a phase II clinical study of an original procedure for therapy of locally advanced gastric cancer including pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and extended lymph node dissection. Out of 24 patients, none had intraoperative complications while postoperative ones developed in 16%; lethality rate was 4%. As far as immediate results are concerned, intensive pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy proved fully compatible with any surgical procedure including extended and extended-combined ones. Survival rates (Kaplan-Meier) were: 1 yr--90 +/- 6%; 2-, 3-year--74 +/- 9%. Indications of adjuvant radiotherapy and approaches to its effective use are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Accelerated fractionation regimens in radiotherapy of inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer].

The results of definitive radiation treatment (1988-2000) for 375 patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed. Three regimens of fractionation were used: (1) accelerated fractionation (AF)--(133), 2.5 Gy, 3 days a week, to a total of 47.5--55 Gy; (2) accelerated hyperfractionation (AHF)--(93), 1.25 Gy, daily, to a total of 60-72.5 Gy and standard fractionation (SF)--(149), 2 Gy, daily, to a total of 58-68 Gy. The advantages of AHF were established as regards complete regression rate (54.9% vs. 18.6%--SF and 18.1%--AF; p(0.001), median survival (30.5(2.4 months vs. 18.9 (1%--SF (p = 0.004) and 20.4 (2.4--AF (p = 0.004)), and 3-year survival (36.6% vs. 16.7%--SF (p = 0.005) and 15.5%--AF (p = 0.005). 17.9%, 9.0% (p = 0.11) and 8.1% (p = 0.08) have survived, respectively. Overall survival in the AHF group was superior in stages IIB--III; in stage I, the results were identical. Immediate response to radical radiotherapy appeared the only statistically significant factor of survival (p = 0.005-0.008) in all the groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Choice of fractionation regimen in radiotherapy of inoperable esophageal cancer].

The results of definitive radiation treatment for 303 patients with inoperable esophageal cancer were analyzed. Four regimens of fractionation were used: (1) accelerated hyperfractionation (AHF) (70)--1.3 Gy, twice a day, 5 weeks, to a total of 57.2-70 Gy; (2) AHF (49)--1.5-d = 1.5 Gy to a total of 54-63 Gy; (3) AHF (37)--1.7-d = 1.7 Gy to a total of 56.1-57.83 Gy and (4) standard fractionation (SF) (147) to a total of 58-70 Gy. The complete regression rate in the AHF groups (1.3-1.7, 69, 61 and 73%, respectively) was significantly higher than in that of SF (38%) (p(0.01); the median survival in the AHF groups and SF--21, 22, 12.3 and 14.3 months, respectively, and the 5-year survival 14, 12, 4 and 0%, respectively; all the differences in the groups 1.3 and SF were significant. The common independent prognostic factors for all patients were age (p = 0.04), immediate effect of radiation therapy (p = 0.01) and the length of tumor (p = 0.02).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Intraoperative radiotherapy in the combined treatment of stomach cancer. Methodological and technical aspects].

Theoretical, experimental and clinical rationale is discussed for selection of targets and main parameters of intraoperative radiotherapy for gastric cancer. Topometric and dosage research has been carried out. Original technological equipment has been developed for safe treatment using the domestic accelerator Mikrotron-M. Procedures for continuous relay pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy of gastric tumors in conjunction with radical surgery have been devised and adapted to operation of a specialized clinical facility.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed2001

[Results of clinical studies of the efficacy of intraoperative radiotherapy in combined treatment of stomach cancer].

The results of clinical application of an original method of operable gastric cancer treatment including pre- and intraoperative irradiation (IORT) and radical intervention are presented. According to a randomized study, combination treatment did not involve intra- and postoperative complication rates higher than those of surgery alone. Moreover, a significant decrease in postoperative pancreatitis was registered. IORT is a highly effective method of adjuvant treatment of operable gastric cancer. Due to its application in conjunction with preoperative irradiation and radical surgery, the end results of locally-advanced gastric cancer improved.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Thermotherapy for laryngeal cancer].

An analysis of the data on the treatment of 91 cases of advanced cancer of the larynx showed that local UHF-hyperthermotherapy is more efficient than the SHF one as a component of radiotherapy. Use of the latter procedure was followed by a higher rate of late-onset radiation injuries. Moreover, combined application of hyper-fractionated irradiation and UHF-hyperthermotherapy involved practically no grave complications while 5-year survival increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Fast neutrons in the treatment of malignant neoplasms].

More than 250 patients, mainly with locally advanced tumors of the head, neck and breast were treated with a I MeV beam of fast neutrons emitted from a BR-10 reactor. The fast neutron contribution to the total dose of the radical component of complex gamma-neutron therapy was 20-40%. Said modality was shown to improve the results of treatment for laryngeal and breast tumors. The 5-year actuarial survival following complex gamma-neutron therapy for laryngeal cancer was 89.25, while in controls--65.2% (p < 0.005). The 5-year actuarial overall survival in breast cancer patients treated with fast neutrons was 66.5%: gamma-neutron therapy alone--46.0% (p < 0.05).

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Use of reactor neutrons in the multimodal treatment of patients with breast cancer].

The results of multimodality treatment are analyzed in 56 patients with local breast cancer. Combined gamma-neutron therapy with the use of fast reactor neutrons enhances the efficiency of breast cancer treatment and does not increase the number of radiation reactions and complications. The three-year survival increased from 44 +/- 12 to 75 +/- 9%. The test reactors specifically adjusted may be useful for the radiation therapy of patients with various malignant neoplasms. Combined gamma-neutron therapy is more promising for this purpose than neutron therapy alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical assessment of various methods of radio-modification in radiotherapy of advanced oropharyngeal cancer].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of RF-hyperthermia and regional intraarterial hyperglycemia as adjuvant radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy of advanced head and neck cancers. Altogether 115 patients with advanced T3-T-4 carcinoma of the tongue, oral cavity and oropharynx underwent external radiotherapy (Co-60). An RF capacitative heating device operating at 40.68 MHz was employed twice a week, a total of 4 sessions per patient. Intratumor temperature was 41.5-43 degrees C. Hyperglycemia was performed via the branches of the carotid artery, a total of 3 sessions per patient. There were 4 groups (1-31 patients on conventional radiotherapy; 2-24 patients on thermoradiotherapy; 3-30 patients on radiotherapy plus regional hyperglycemia; 4-30 patients underwent combined radio-modification). A complete response was 29% for conventional radiotherapy, 67% for thermoradiotherapy, 60% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 77% for combined radio-modification. A 2-year local control was found to be 13% for radiotherapy, 37% for thermoradiotherapy, 17% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 35% for combined radio-modification. Only hyperthermia was found to improve a 2-year local control of advanced oropharyngeal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Combined radiomodification in the treatment of patients with disseminated laryngeal cancer].

The paper is devoted to comparative estimation of radiation and combined therapy of laryngeal cancer patients using combined radiomodification including local hyperthermia, total hyperthermia, chemotherapy and a method of dynamic dose fractionation. Complete and significant tumor regression at a dose of 32 Gy was noted in the study group (77 patients) and in the control group (64%). Radiotherapy against a background of combined radiomodification tends to increase the 3-year survival up to 86% as compared to 66.7% in the control group.

Adult↗