Biomedical subjects

J A Boxall

Publications and source records attributed to J A Boxall.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Platelet trans fatty acids in relation to angiographically assessed coronary artery disease.

Epidemiological and metabolic studies indicate that a higher intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) may be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In a cross-sectional study of patients who underwent coronary angiography, the relationships between TFAs, measured in platelets, and the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD) were examined in 191 non-diabetic patients (134 men and 57 women). The degree of CAD was quantified by using an angiographic scoring system developed to provide an estimate of the extent of coronáry atherosclerosis: an "extent score'. The TFA composition of platelets, including palmitelaidic (16:1 omega 7t), elaidic (18:1 omega 9t), trans-10-octadecaenoic acid (18:1 omega 8t), trans vaccenic (18:1 omega 7t), trans-12-octadecaenoic acid (18:1 omega 6t) and linoelaidic (18:2 omega 6tt) acids, was measured by using gas chromatography and quantified as a percentage of total fatty acids. After adjustment for established CHD risk indicators, including age, gender, cigarette smoking, hypertension and serum total cholesterol concentration, elaidic acid (P = 0.0300) and trans-10-octadecaenoic acid (P = 0.0434) were positively associated with the extent score of CAD. The adjusted associations between other individual TFAs, including palmitelaidic acid (P = 0.1189), vaccenic acid (P = 0.7651), trans-12-octadecaenoic acid (P = 0.0582) and linoelaidic acid (P = 0.8793), and the extent score were not significant. The results of this study, therefore, provide evidence for an association between particular platelet TFAs and the degree of CAD in the patient population studied.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Coronary atherosclerosis in relation to body fatness and its distribution.

In a cross-sectional study of 226 patients (160 men and 66 women) who underwent coronary angiography, the relationships between total body fatness and abdominal fat distribution, and angiographically assessed coronary artery disease (CAD) were examined. Two different scoring systems were used to quantify the degree of CAD: an 'extent score' and a 'myocardial score'. The extent score provides an estimate of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis and the myocardial score provides an assessment of the amount of myocardium threatened by coronary lesions. Total body fatness was estimated using the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR) was used to assess abdominal fat distribution. The weight and height were obtained by questionnaire at the time of angiography, and self-reported waist and hip circumference measurements were used to calculate WHR. The BMI and WHR were associated with several coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. However, BMI was not significantly associated with either of the CAD scores. The WHR was positively associated with both the extent score (rs = 0.18; P < 0.05) and the myocardial score (rs = 0.17; P < 0.05) for men and women together, and positively associated with the myocardial score for women aged 40 to 70 years (rs = 0.32; P < 0.05). The associations between WHR and the CAD scores were not significant after adjusting for several risk factors for CHD. These results indicate that other risk factors for CHD may be involved in the associations between WHR and CAD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Can linoleic acid contribute to coronary artery disease?

The adipose tissue concentration of linoleic acid was positively associated with the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a cross-sectional study of 226 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Linoleic acid concentration in adipose tissue is known to reflect the intake of this fatty acid. These results are therefore indicative of a positive relationship between linoleic acid intake and CAD. The platelet linoleic acid concentration was also positively associated with CAD. After confounding factors were allowed for, the eicosapentaenoic acid concentration in platelets was inversely associated with CAD for men, and the docosapentaenoic acid concentration in platelets was inversely associated with CAD for women; results consistent with several other studies that suggest that fish, and omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish and fish oils, can beneficially influence macrovascular disease.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1991

Improved left ventricular function after renal transplantation.

Patients with severely impaired left ventricular function are known to have a poor prognosis. We describe a 20-year-old man with end-stage renal failure, on dialysis, with severely impaired left ventricular function which dramatically improved after renal transplantation. This suggests that poor left ventricular function need not preclude renal transplantation and may, in fact, offer an alternative to combined renal and cardiac transplantation.

Adult↗