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J A Capdevila

Publications and source records attributed to J A Capdevila.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Initial clinicopathological manifestations of malignant lymphoproliferative processes in patients with human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity. Study of 40 cases].

We analyzed the series of 40 malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLD) in HIV positive patients, diagnosed between 1986 and 1993 in a University Hospital in Spain. Median age was 32 years. 52% of the patients belonged to the intravenous drug users risk group, and 30% were homosexual. 26 patients were diagnosed of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 8 of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 6 of a primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCL). The 6 patients with a PCL (median CD4 of 20 cells/mm3, 80% antecedent AIDS criteria) and 13 NHL with histology of immunoblastic, large cell, plasmablastic, and high grade lymphoma non-otherwise specified (median CD4 of 291, 58% with AIDS criteria) tended to appear in patients with a deteriorated clinical and immunological status due to the underlying HIV infection. However, the 14 small non-cleaved cell NHLs appeared in patients without a previous AIDS-defining condition (93% of the cases, p = 0.065 compared with other NHL histologies). Finally, 8 patients with HD had a low CD4 cell count (median 103 cells/mm3, p = 0.049 compared with median CD4 in NHL patients) without other previous AIDS criteria. In conclusion, The presenting characteristics of HIV positive patients with MLD allows to define four subgroups of patients with a high clinicopathological correlation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Successful treatment of haemodialysis catheter-related sepsis without catheter removal.

Thirty-six Permcath double-lumen catheters implanted in 36 chronic renal failure patients for haemodialysis treatment were prospectively studied. When catheter-related sepsis was suspected a quantitative blood culture was obtained simultaneously from the catheter and from a peripheral vein. If bacterial colonies in the catheter blood specimen were fourfold greater than identical bacterial colonies in the peripheral blood specimen, the test was considered indicative of catheter sepsis and an empirical antibiotic regimen was begun while the central line remained in situ. Eleven patients suffered 13 episodes of catheter-related sepsis. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 77% of the strains isolated. All episodes were successfully treated with vancomycin or ciprofloxacin and yielded negative results on follow-up quantitative blood cultures. Fever subsided within the first 48 h of therapy and no complications occurred. None of these patients required catheter removal for cure of the catheter-related sepsis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Value of differential quantitative blood cultures in the diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis.

A prospective study was performed to assess the value of differential quantitative blood cultures in the diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis when this condition is suspected on clinical grounds and to establish a reliable discriminative value for application without removal of the inserted catheter. A total of 107 central venous catheters from 64 patients were used for the study. Blood was obtained simultaneously through the suspected infected device and from a peripheral venipuncture. The catheter was removed and its tip cultured semiquantitatively. Catheter-related sepsis occurred in 17 patients. Using as cut-off value a colony count fourfold higher in blood drawn through the catheter than in simultaneously drawn peripheral blood, a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 100% and positive predictive value of 100% were obtained. A single bacterial count greater than 100 cfu/ml in the quantitative culture of the catheter blood specimen in the presence of a positive qualitative peripheral blood culture of the same organism was also highly suggestive of catheter-related sepsis. Differential quantitative blood culture is a reliable method for the diagnosis of catheter-associated sepsis without catheter removal.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1990

[Bacteremia and fungemia in patients with AIDS. Study of 56 episodes].

We report 56 episodes of bacteremia and fungemia in 45 patients (23%) out of overall 193 cases of AIDS. 41% of the isolates were gram-negative bacilli, with a predominance of Salmonella enteritidis (30%), most of them community-acquired. Gram-positive cocci (18 episodes) were hospital-acquired in 61%, with a predominance of Staphylococcus sp (10 cases). Mycobacteria and Cryptococcus neoformans were isolated in 8 patients. 88.8% of our patients with cryptococcosis (8/9) had positive blood cultures. 76% of the episodes (43/56) were community-acquired, with a high incidence of primary bacteremias (59%). 48% of the patients were cured, whereas 27% died from causes related with the bacteremia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗