Biomedical subjects

J A Cokely

Publications and source records attributed to J A Cokely.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Scoring Spanish word-recognition measures.

Spanish word recognition scores were determined from 10 native Spanish-speaking listeners' written and oral responses to four Auditec lists (A, B, C, and D) of two-syllable Spanish words. An analysis of variance revealed that the word recognition scores derived from the oral responses were the same when scored by 15 native English-speaking judges with a knowledge of Spanish and when scored by 15 native English-speaking judges without a knowledge of Spanish (p > 0.01). To evaluate the accuracy with which these two groups of judges scored the oral responses, the absolute values of the numeric differences between the word recognition scores derived from the oral and written responses were determined. An analysis of variance of these absolute difference scores revealed a significant main effect of judges' knowledge of Spanish (p < .01). Although the difference between the groups of judges was statistically significant, this difference is of little clinical significance. The word recognition scores for written and oral responses differed on average by two percentage points when oral responses were scored by judges with a knowledge of Spanish and by three percentage points when oral responses were scored by the group without a knowledge of Spanish. These data indicate that English-speaking audiologists are competent to judge the accuracy of Spanish-speaking listeners' oral responses to Spanish word recognition measures.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Frequency resolution for diotic and dichotic listening conditions compared using the bandlimiting measure and a modified bandlimiting measure.

Two experiments were performed that examined the relation between frequency selectivity for diotic and dichotic stimuli. Subjects were eight normal-hearing listeners. In each experiment, a 500-Hz pure tone of 400-ms duration was presented in continuous noise. In the diotic listening conditions, a signal and noise were presented binaurally with no interaural differences (So and No, respectively). In the dichotic listening conditions, the signal or noise at one ear was 180 degrees out-of-phase relative to the respective stimulus at the other ear (S pi and N pi, respectively). The first experiment examined frequency selectivity using the bandlimiting measure. Here, signal thresholds were determined as a function of masker bandwidth (50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 Hz) for SoNo, S pi No, and SoN pi listening conditions. The second experiment used a modified bandlimiting measure. Here, signal thresholds (So and S pi) were determined with a relatively narrow No band of masker energy (50 Hz wide) centered about the signal. Then, a second No narrow-band masker (30 Hz wide) was added at another frequency region, and signal thresholds were reestablished. The results of the two experiments indicated that listeners process a wider band of frequencies when resolving dichotic stimuli than when resolving diotic or monotic stimuli. The results also indicated that the bandlimiting measure may underestimate the spectral band processed upon dichotic stimulation. Results are interpreted in terms of an across-ear and across-frequency processing of waveform amplitude envelope.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1988

Combined monaural and binaural masking release.

Stimulus conditions were examined where both across-frequency [comodulation masking release (CMR)] and across-ear [binaural masking-level difference (BMLD)] cues were available, as well as conditions where only one of these cue types was available. The main goal of the study was to determine how the two types of cues combine. The effects of comodulation were assessed either by modulating a masking noise and manipulating its bandwidth (experiment 1) or by using two comodulated narrow bands of noise separated in frequency (experiment 2). The masker was always No, and the 500-Hz pure-tone signal was either So or S pi. The effect of the frequency of modulation was examined either by changing the frequency of the modulating stimulus (experiment 1) or by changing the bandwidth of the comodulated narrow-band noise (experiment 2). Four of six subjects showed greater masking release when both BMLD and CMR cues were available than for either type of cue alone, whereas the other two subjects did not show an ability to combine the two cues for additional advantage. For the subjects who were able to combine the two types of cue, the additional advantage was greater for low frequencies of modulation. The results indicate that one component of CMR may be based upon across-frequency envelope comparisons at a stage of processing after binaural analysis.

Adolescent↗