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Biomedical subjects

J A Cristóbal

Publications and source records attributed to J A Cristóbal.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Eyelid contact allergic eczema caused by topical ketorolac tromethamine 0.5%].

CLINICAL CASE: A 65-year-old man had been treated with eye-drops containing NSAIDs (Ketorolac). He developed conjunctival injection, edematous swelling of the eyelids and periorbital dermatitis due to a contact allergy. Allergy to NSAIDs is uncommon. DISCUSSION: This is an unusual case because topical application of ketorolac is safe in the vast majority of ophthalmologic patients. However adverse events associated with Ketorolac are similar to that of other NSAIDs.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

[Intraocular lenses with blue light filter].

PURPOSE: To evaluate if a SN60AT < > IOL (Alcon) with IMPRUV filter (Alcon) offers any advantage in patients having cataract surgery, as compared with Acrysof SA60 IOL (Alcon). METHODS: This was a prospective analytical study. We studied sixty-four eyes from 32 patients with cataracts. After a random assignment, phacoemulsification with the implant was performed using the Acrysof SN60AT tinted lens in one eye and Acrysof SA60 in the other. A variety of variables was subsequently assessed: contrast sensitivity with a CSV 1000E test, colour perception through a Farnsworth 25 test and subjective measures by a patient survey. Differences between the groups were assessed statistically. RESULTS: The contrast sensitivity results were obtained for 3, 6, 12 and 18 cycles per degree (cpd) frequencies under scotopic conditions, with better results obtained following the use of SN60AT: 0.75 (CSV 1000E test units) for 3 cpd, 0.86 for 6 cpd, 0.54 for 12 cpd and 0.35 for 18 cpd. The differences were statistically significant between the two groups for 3 cpd and 6 cpd. A total of 62.5% of patients using a tinted lens and 50% with SA60 achieved good results in the Farnsworth test; 12.5% and 21% had fair results and 25% and 28.1% respectively had poor results. CONCLUSIONS: We obtained an improvement in favour of the tinted lens for all frequencies, with this being statistically significant at lower frequencies (3 and 6 cpd). No significant differences in the Farnsworth test performance or in the patient survey were found. The tinting provided by the IMPRUV filter brings an increase in contrast sensitivity without affecting colour perception.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Cranial hypertension as first manifestation of Behçet's disease: a case report.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic, multisystem and relapsing vasculitis of unknown etiology. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is reported in 30% of cases, but it is the first symptom of the disease in only 5% of subjects. Neurological manifestations may appear as a parenchymal CNS pattern (the commonest), an intracranial hypertension-like pattern, or a meningitis-like pattern. We describe a 30-year-old Algerian man with BD who developed, as first symptom, a typical intracranial hypertension picture with headaches, bilateral papilledema and raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (VST). After 1 month of treatment with anticoagulants, prednisone, colchicine and chlorambucil, MRA showed complete recanalization of the cerebral venous sinus and the patient made a full recovery. BD should be routinely looked for in adult patients, especially males in their third and fourth decades, who present with intracranial hypertension syndrome. We therefore advocate the use of MRA for unexplained neurological symptoms in BD, since without it cerebral VST may easily be missed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Bilateral choroidal metastases of pancreatic carcinoma].

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents 2 to 5% of all the carcinomas. It is the fourth largest cause of death from cancer. It gives rise to metastasis of the liver, kidney, brain, etc. But choroidal metastasis are infrequent. We present the case of a male aged 45 years, who presented bilateral choroidal metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Levels of vancomycin in aqueous humor after topical eye drops administration.

Vancomycin is an antibiotic which is especially active against Gram positive bacteria. At present, numerous infections of the anterior segment of the eye are caused by the Staphilococcus aureus and epidermis. Strains which are resistant to methicilin are more and more frequent and for this reason Vancomycin is becoming the antibiotic of choice to combat these infections since no resistance of the Staphilococcus to it has been demonstrated. The authors evaluated the levels of Vancomycin in aqueous humor after the administration of topical eye-drops. For the first two hours after the last administration, levels of 0.52 micrograms/ml were detected. These inhibit the growth of the majority of bacteria sensitive to Vancomycin. Between two and four hours, the levels decreased to 0.15 micrograms/ml; these are therapeutic levels for a large number of Gram positive bacteria. From four hours after the last administration, these levels are undetectable. Due to the success of its penetration, topical administration of Vancomycin should be considered as a therapeutic modality against infections by gram positive bacteria of the anterior segment. The ideal guideline for administration would be one drop every two hours, especially if the infection is severe. In this way, subconjunctival injection could be avoided.

Anterior Eye Segment↗
PubMed1992

Central and peripheral corneal thickness in full-term newborns by ultrasonic pachymetry.

To establish a standard of normality, the authors studied the central and peripheral (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal) corneal thickness of 152 healthy, white race, full-term newborns (304 eyes) between 1 and 6 days old, using ultrasonic pachymetry. The mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 585 +/- 52 microns (ranging from 446-706 microns). The mean peripheral corneal thickness (PCT), significantly thicker than CCT (P = 0.0001), was: superior (SCT) 696 +/- 55 microns, inferior (ICT) 744 +/- 62 microns, nasal (NCT) 742 +/- 58 microns, and temporal (TCT) 748 +/- 55 microns. The SCT was significantly thinner than the ICT, NCT, and TCT (P = 0.0001). Differences among ICT, NCT, and TCT were not statistically significant. The mean CCT of the 1-day-old group was 611 +/- 58 microns, this being thicker than those of the other age groups (P = 0.0001). The differences between male and female babies and between right and left eyes were not statistically significant. This is the first study on peripheral corneal thickness at the limbus in the four meridians in live newborns.

Cornea↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of eight intraocular lens calculation formulas.

A retrospective study of 183 eyes that had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was undertaken to compare the accuracy of eight IOL power calculation formulas (modified Binkhorst, Colenbrander, Gullstrand, Fyodorov-Galin-Linksz, Gill, Axt, Donzis-Kastle-Gordon and SRK regression). We found that the regression formulas were more accurate than the theoretical formulas, giving enough approximation to the ideal IOL as to assure its clinical use. We prefer the SRK formula because it is easier and it has a constant A that can be adapted in a personalized way to each surgical team.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia: a paraneoplastic manifestation of lymphoma.

PURPOSE: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are well-known sequelae of some malignancies. To our knowledge, a syndrome mimicking progressive external ophthalmoplegia had never been reported preceding the diagnosis of a lymphoma. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old man developed progressive external ophthalmoplegia, without any other neurological symptoms, as the initial manifestation of a follicular lymphoma grade III. The ophthalmoplegia resolved after two cycles of combination chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The ophthalmologist, when confronted with a progressive external ophthalmoplegia, should consider a neurological paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a tumor as a possible diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial retinal artery occlusion after coil embolization of an intracerebral aneurysm.

Occlusion of the retinal artery is a rare complication after therapeutic embolization. We present a case of a partial retinal artery obstruction following coil embolization of an intracerebral aneurysm. To our knowledge, only six cases of acute occlusion of the choroidal and/or retinal arteries after therapeutic embolization have been reported so far. The case presented here, however, is the first in which platinum microcoils were the material used. In addition the retinal ischemia was reversible, visual acuity returning to normal and cutten-wool spot and retinal hemorrhages resolving spontaneously.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cognitive evoked potential in primary wide angle glaucoma].

INTRODUCTION: Primary wide angle glaucoma (PWAG) is the commonest form of this disorder. It is initially asymptomatic, until there has been considerable visual field loss. Personality changes have been described in patients with wide angle glaucoma, with a significant percentage of developing dementia or a tendency to react defensively. The P300 endogenous evoked potential is related to memory/attention to work. INTRODUCTION: To evaluate, in PWAG, the probable occurrence of a disorder of visual processing due to alteration in the attention/working memory and its neuronal network, using the P300 visual cognitive evoked potential in correlation with Lobo s cognitive mini exam (CME). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We selected 68 patients with PWAG and 68 controls, of both sexes, aged between 50 and 65 years. The CME was done after taking the clinical history, and then an electroretinogram, visual evoked potential using the alternating dameres (ERGd and VEPd) and P300 potential (passive odd ball). Statistical analysis was done using the t test, one way ANOVA and discriminating analysis. RESULTS: The amplitude on ERGd and latency on VEPd were significantly altered. Patients with glaucoma had lower scores on CME. Regarding the P300 wave, latency was the most significant parameter, whilst the amplitude and site were less well defined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In PWAG a process of visual cognitive dysfunction occurs and affects memory/attention to work in a way which is not only due to the peripheral visual effect.

Aged↗