Biomedical subjects

J A Fatani

Publications and source records attributed to J A Fatani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Morphology and growth of the fetal stomach.

To assess the development of the fetal stomach, we performed 162 esophageal injections of contrast media into spontaneously aborted normal fetuses from 7.5 to 26 weeks of gestation. The length of esophagus and trunk, greater and lesser curvature, and vertical and oblique axis of stomach were measured, and the means and standard deviations at each gestational age were calculated. The most frequently encountered patterns of stomach shape were: the standard shape, 90%; steerhorn, 3%; and horizontal stomach, 2%. The final shape of the stomach is not assumed at least until the the age of 22 weeks. Regarding the growth of stomach, with age, the greater curvature grew at a much faster rate than the lesser curvature, and the distance between skin and outer border of the stomach increased. The oblique axis of the stomach did not rotate after eight weeks; gastric surface area showed the fastest growth after 14 weeks. The gastroesophageal junction cephalad relative to the trunk ascended through week 25, due to the differential growth of the trunk and esophagus.

Contrast Media↗

PubMed1991

Reappraisal of age-related morphological changes in the rat thymus--morphometric study.

A quantitative morphometric study, using a routine histological technique, was carried out with 72 rats aged 7 and 15 days, 1, 4 and 9 months and 1 1/2 years. A micrometric eyepiece, calibrated by means of a stage micrometer, was employed for measurement. Change due to aging included loss of septa, increased fatty infiltration, diminished demarcation of the cortex from the medulla and a decrease in the number of Hassall's corpuscles. The thymus of rats aged 1-4 months was considered to be active; it had well-developed septa, the largest lobules, with complete demarcation of the cortex and medulla, and the maximum number of Hassall's corpuscles. Differences between some of these parameters in males and females were observed.

Aging↗

PubMed1991

Anatomical and histological observations on the tongue of one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius.

The camel has a typically elongated mammalian tongue, which tapers to a dorsally flattened tip. The filiform papillae are mostly of the simple type which are scattered over the dorsum and the lateral edges of the tongue. The fungiform papillae are scattered among the filiform papillae. Circumvallate papillae could be seen on the posterior of the tongue. The dorsum lingue is covered with cornified stratified squamous epithelium and inferior surface with non-cornified squamous epithelium. The tongue is richly innervated as is evidenced by the presence of numerous nerve fibres and ganglion cells at different levels.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Foetal hepatic calcification.

Thirty-three cases of 1,500 spontaneously-aborted foetuses showed hepatic calcifications. The exact location of these calcifications were confirmed by contrast studies, anatomic dissection, and further histology when necessary. Of them, 18 were calcified hepatic vein thrombi (CHVT), 12 were calcified portal vein thrombi (CPVT), 2 were parenchymal calcifications, and one was mixed. Associated anomalies were high (85% of cases). No significant difference was found between the type and percentage of anomalies of those with CHVT and those with CPVT. The most common anomalies encountered in all cases were meconium intraluminal calcification (27%), cystic hygroma (18%), and metaphyseal defect (18%). In view of this, it is suggested that a variety of severe foetal illnesses predispose to CHVT and CPVT. At correlation with maternal factors, it was found that the highest incidence was in the third decade. A significant high percentage of mothers (33%) had been on contraceptive pills, and there was interesting inverse relationship of hepatic calcification with gravidity. Practically, it is also hoped that the awareness of the presence of various types of hepatic calcifications will help in their detection prenatally by ultrasound.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1990

Light and electron microscopic observations on the cerebellum of guinea pigs following low-dose methotrexate.

The neurotoxicity of single and divided low-dose methotrexate (MTX) and the rescue effect of leucovorin (folic acid) were investigated by light and electron microscopic examination of the cerebellum of Guinea pigs. One group of animals received a single weekly intraperitoneal MTX in a dose of 10 mg/kg, a second received a similar dose divided into three equal fractions, and the third group received MTX rescued with an equal dose of leucovorin. The results showed degeneration of Purkinje cells indicated by shrinkage and distortion of perikarya, dissolution of mitochondrial cristae, and nuclear and nucleolar changes in all groups which received MTX. There was also astrocytic proliferation and perivascular edema. Lesser changes were found in the group which was rescued with leucovorin. The degenerative changes in the cerebellum particularly those of the Purkinje cells explain the neurological signs reported in cancer patients treated with MTX.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Transverse diameter of the lumbar spinal canal in normal adult Saudis.

Pathological changes in the diameters of the lumbar spinal canal may be associated with low back pain. The assessment of the size of the canal is therefore an important diagnostic procedure. Evidence suggests that there are ethnic differences in the dimensions of the canal. A radiogrammetric study was therefore undertaken to establish norms of the transverse diameter for the Saudi population. The results show that the transverse diameter of the canal in Saudis differ from that of other populations, but the shape is similar to those of earlier reports. Intersegmental differences which are useful for the detection of isolated segmental anomalies were also calculated. The significance of the findings is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Cholinergic innervation of the cornea and iris of the guinea pig.

Cholinergic innervation of the cornea and iris of the newborn and adult guinea pig was studied by the technique of Karnovsky and Roots (1964). The given structures are both richly innervated. The cholinesterase reaction of the cornea is more strongly positive in adult animals, whereas the intensity of the reaction of the iris in newborn and adult guinea pigs is almost identical.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1989

Fetal necrogram: a new technique. Experience with 12,000 contrast examinations.

The authors describe a new technique "necrogram" for post-mortem fetal investigations that uses ionic contrast media and employs the principles of diffusion and osmosis for clearing the fetus from contrast injection. It was possible to perform subsequent contrast examinations without the problem of overlapping structures. The study was conducted on 1,500 fetuses with more than 12,000 contrast examinations performed, followed by autopsy. In a sample of 250 fetuses undergoing 2,135 contrast examinations, similar results were obtained from necrogram and autopsy in 79% of the fetuses examined. Details are given of the 21% of the studies in which discrepancies were noted between necrogram and autopsy. The result showed that necrogram was comparable to autopsy and that luminal anatomy can be best visualized by necrogram, a laborious and almost impossible task in autopsy. It was apparent that post-mortem diagnostic precision can only be obtained by employing both necrogram and autopsy, one for visualization of the inner and the other for the outer appearance of the organs.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1989

Degeneration of adrenergic nerves in the urinary bladder during pregnancy.

The adrenergic innervation of the urinary bladder of normal female and pregnant rats has been studied using a fluorescence histochemical method. The bladder is richly innervated by adrenergic nerve fibres as is evidenced by the presence of numerous adrenergic nerves in the adventitia, musculosa and submucosa. However, adrenergic nerve cells could not be observed. During pregnancy, adrenergic nerve fibres showed signs of degeneration, as most of the nerve fibres disappeared and the surviving fibres were much swollen. 10 days after parturition the pattern and density of adrenergic innervation became almost similar to those of the control animals.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMed1988

Partial degeneration of autonomic nerves of the heart of methotrexate-treated guinea pigs.

In the present investigation partial degeneration of adrenergic and cholinergic nerves of the heart of guinea pigs following methotrexate treatment has been reported. No appreciable change was observed in the autonomic nerve fibres after 3 days of treatment. However, after prolonged treatment some nerve fibres showed signs of degeneration and a few adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibres had disappeared.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Degeneration of adrenergic nerves in the gall-bladder of cholecystitis patients.

The adrenergic innervation of the gall-bladder of healthy persons and patients suffering from cholecystitis has been studied following fluorescence histochemical methods. The normal gall-bladder is moderately innervated by adrenergic nerve fibres. Fine nerve fibres have been observed in the lamina propria, fibromuscularis and serosa. Catecholamine-containing fluorescent cells have been observed at different sites and their possible role as chemoreceptors and their endocrine nature have been reaffirmed. Adrenergic nerve fibres show signs of degeneration in cholecystitis as is evidenced by swelling of the nerve fibres and enhanced intensity of fluorescence in fluorescent cells.

Adrenergic Fibers↗

PubMed1988

Cholinergic innervation of the tongue of the one humped camel, Camelus dromedarius.

Distribution of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve profiles in the tongue of camel has been studied by histochemical methods. The tongue is richly innervated by cholinergic nerve profiles as is evidenced by the presence of numerous nerve fibres at different levels. There is noted strong cholinesterase positive reaction close to the lateral border of the circumvallate papillae (in the region of the taste buds) and the upper border of the fungiform papillae. Numerous nerve fibres have been observed in the connective tissue core of all the lingual papillae. Adrenergic nerve terminals could not be observed in the taste buds though numerous adrenergic nerve fibres could be seen in and around the blood vessels. Rich cholinergic innervation of the blood vessels has also been noted in the tongue.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Ligaments associated with lumbar intervertebral foramina. 2. The fifth lumbar level.

The lumbosacral spines of two fetal and twelve adult cadavers have been studied by dissection. Evidence shows that the fifth lumbar intervertebral foramen is crossed on its external aspect by a strong, cord-like corporotransverse ligament passing obliquely downwards, forwards and medially from the inferior aspect of the accessory process of the fifth lumbar vertebra to the lateral surface of the intervertebral disc and the adjacent parts of the bodies of the fifth and first sacral vertebrae. Superficially, the ligament is related to another flat band--the lumbosacral hood. Together these ligaments separate and provide openings for the sympathetic ramus, the ventral ramus and blood vessels related to the intervertebral foramen. On the dorsal aspect, a tripartite ligament, the mamillo-transverso-accessory ligament, bears important relationships to the subdivisions of the dorsal ramus and also the zygapophyseal joint. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Scanning electron microscopic study of the lingual papillae of the one humped camel, Camelus dromedarius.

The dorsum of the camel tongue shows filiform, fungiform, circumvallate and special (wart-like) papillae. Filiform papillae are conical in shape and show different heights and thicknesses at various levels. Fungiform papillae are rounded and are surrounded by robust filiform papillae. They can also be observed on the tip of the ventral surface. They have taste pores on their surfaces. Circumvallate papillae are encircled by a primary groove and an annular pad. Their taste pores open into the grooves. A special type of filiform papillae is wart-like and has been observed on the posterior portion. These do not show taste pores.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Ligaments associated with lumbar intervertebral foramina. 1. L1 to L4.

Lumbar intervertebral foramina have been studied by dissection of fetal and adult cadaveric spines. The results show that these foramina are crossed by ligaments which subdivide the opening into smaller compartments for the structures traversing it. At L1-L4, there appears to be a basic pattern of arrangement of the ligaments. The bands are tougher in the upper lumbar region and become steadily thinner caudally. Evidence from the study suggests that these ligaments are probably normal components of the intervertebral foramen. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Ontogeny of cholinergic innervation of thymus in mouse.

In this study, identification of cholinergic nerves in the murine thymic rudiments during ontogenetic development, by immunonocytochemical localization of the enzyme cholin acetyltransferase (ChAT) was carried out. Fetal thymic rudiments from day 13 of gestation to the time of birth, and upto 8th post natal week were examined. Contrary to the earlier reports, the results indicate that the thymic rudiment is not innervated during early ontogenetic development and that the first ChAT positive nerve profiles were observed at around day 17/18 of gestation. Significance of cholinergic innervation in thymocyte maturation is suggested.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Intrinsic innervation of the uterus in guinea pig and rat.

The pattern of distribution of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves in the uterus of albino rats and guinea pigs was examined histochemically. In the albino rat, the uterus was found well-innervated by both adrenergic and cholinergic nerves with a clear regional variation. Dense innervation was demonstrated at the tubal and cervical ends of the uterus and in the cervix. Cholinergic nerves supplying the glands were more numerous than the adrenergic nerves which were relatively few. In the guinea-pigs, the uterus was richly innervated by adrenergic nerves with a clear regional variation. No cholinesterase-positive nerves or nerve cells were demonstrated.

Adrenergic Fibers↗

PubMed1987

Histological changes following high-dose methotrexate and cisplatinum administration and the influence of dosage scheduling.

Histological changes were studied in experimental animals following the intraperitoneal administration of high-dose cisplatin with or without high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor. There were pronounced renal toxicities with high-dose (10 mg/kg) cisplatin, particularly involving distal tubules with glomerular congestion. However, lower toxicities were noted with reduced dosage of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) and especially if given once as a single bolus injection instead of a 5-day regimen. Renal and hepatic toxicities were marked with concomitant methotrexate administration leading to hemorrhagic diathesis and shorter survival. However, toxicities were relatively reduced when cisplatin was given as a single bolus injection instead of a 5-day divided course. Such information may prove helpful in future planning of combination chemotherapy in patients with malignancies using these two agents.

Animals↗