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Biomedical subjects

J A Fountain

Publications and source records attributed to J A Fountain.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ocular lesions caused by caterpillar hairs (ophthalmia nodosa).

The ocular reactions to caterpillar hairs are diverse in nature and location, ranging from a toxic reaction to the external foreign bodies, keratoconjunctivitis or the formation of conjunctival nodules, to intense iritis, vitritis or papillitis. Four cases are presented in this paper to illustrate the various degrees of ocular involvement. Included are clinical photographs of intravitreal and subretinal hairs. A classification of these reactions is suggested to facilitate the choice of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A long-term follow-up study of scleral grafting for exposed or extruded orbital implants.

We conducted a long-term follow-study of 20 patients whose exposed or extruded orbital implants had been replaced or salvaged with scleral grafts. We judged 11 cases to be successes and six failures. Three patients were lost to follow-up. Among the failures were three orbits that had received radiation therapy for retinoblastoma. They could not retain an orbital implant despite several scleral grafts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A mechanism of susceptibility to mucormycosis in diabetic ketoacidosis: transferrin and iron availability.

The defect in host defense that makes the diabetic ketoacidotic (DKA) patient susceptible to mucormycosis has not been identified. Sera from 10 DKA patients and three normal volunteers were tested for their capacity to support the in vitro growth of a common etiologic agent of mucormycosis, Rhizopus oryzae. After equilibration with room air none of the normal or DKA sera, each of which was now extremely alkaline, supported growth of R. oryzae. When the sera were placed in a CO2 atmosphere that permitted simulation of the in vivo clinical pH (normal 7.40 and DKA 7.3-6.6), four of seven DKA sera supported profuse fungal growth. No growth occurred in normal serum. The three DKA sera that did not support fungal growth at pH less than or equal to 7.3 contained less iron (x = 13 micrograms/dl) than the four sera that supported profuse fungal growth (x = 69 micrograms/dl). Increasing the iron content of iron-poor DKA serum that did not support R. oryzae growth allowed profuse growth at acidotic conditions but not at pH greater than or equal to 7.4. Simulated acidotic conditions (pH 7.3-6.6) also decreased the iron-binding capacity of normal serum stepwise from 266 micrograms/dl to 0. Our data indicate that acidosis temporarily disrupts the capacity of transferrin to bind iron and suggest that this alteration abolishes an important host defense mechanism that permits growth of R. oryzae.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis↗
PubMed1981

Linear streaks of the equator in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

A fourth sign of the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS), peripheral streak lesions, is added to the common triad of disseminated punched-out atrophic spots, peripapillary atrophy, and macular disciform lesions. The streaks are of variable length, width, and pigmentation. They are almost invariably in the equatorial region and oriented parallel to the ora serrata. Streak lesions were found in 5.0% of patients with the POHS.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculous retinal vasculitis.

A case of central retinal vasculitis associated with culture proven active pulmonary tuberculosis is presented. The ocular condition responded dramatically to systemic isoniazid and ethambutol. The clinical picture of central retinal vein occlusion should alert the physician to the possibility of an inflammatory etiology. Appropriate studies to rule out treatable inflammatory conditions should be ordered.

Female↗