Soft-tissue expansion in the lower extremities.
Soft-tissue expansion enjoys ever-wider use, but to date an experience using this technique in the lower extremity has never been presented. We reviewed our first 16 patients to describe the indications and contraindications for the use of tissue expansion in the lower extremity. Guidelines evolved from study of the data. Soft-tissue expansion merits consideration for coverage of problem wounds, in preparation for removal of large benign lesions, and for the repair of contour defects. The operator should know that an open wound below the knee predicts a complication if soft-tissue expansion is attempted in that location. In the thigh, incisions can be confidently placed at the edge of the defect. In every location, large expanders should be chosen so that they are as long as or longer than the adjacent defect. The increase in circumference of the limb should be followed. Simple designs for advancement flaps usually work well. As our experience has grown, reconstruction using soft-tissue expansion in the lower extremity has become safer and the results more predictable through better patient selection and diligent monitoring of intraluminal pressures, even if only by ensuring that the patient is always comfortable. Soft-tissue expansion has a role in reconstruction of the lower extremity.