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Biomedical subjects

J A Gilbert

Publications and source records attributed to J A Gilbert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Computer simulation of trabecular remodeling using a simplified structural model.

A simplified three-dimensional simulation of trabecular bone remodeling has been developed. The model utilizes 441 planar structural units to represent approximately 50 mm3 of initial bone volume with 199 basic multicellular units (BMUs). The simulation takes into account trabecular perforation in the structural model. The cases of male bone remodeling with no menopause and female bone remodeling with menopause are examined from the period of simulated age 25-80 years. Menopause is arbitrarily started at age 45 and extends for 7.5 years. Zero-, first-, and second-order BMU activation responses are employed to examine how the bone would be affected by the method of increase of BMU activation during menopause. At age 80, the female bone remodeling simulation produced a bone volume loss of approximately 49% for all three activation responses. This compared to a 38% bone volume loss for the case of no menopause. For the menopause simulations, an average of about 40% of the total bone loss was due to perforation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A swine model for the evaluation of efficacy of anti-microbial catheter coatings.

A swine model was developed to investigate the efficacy of percutaneous venous catheters with anti-microbial coatings. The catheters used in the study consisted of silver-coated and uncoated catheters, both designed for percutaneous venous access. Five commercial pigs were each implanted with three venous catheters and followed for a period of 90 days. Two of the three catheters were coated and one was uncoated. To evaluate the percutaneous aspects of the catheters in the model, two venous access catheters were implanted percutaneously, parallel to the dorsal midline. These catheters were just caudal to the region that is dorsal to the scapula in each animal. In each case, the catheter to the left of the dorsal midline was silver-coated while the catheter to the right of the dorsal midline was uncoated. A silver-coated catheter was also implanted in the left external jugular vein of each animal and buried subcutaneously in order to evaluate the elution of the coating through the body under venous contact. Over the 90 day period, the concentration of silver in the blood rose to a mean peak level of 23.2 ppb following implantation of the catheters and then decreased after the second post-surgery week. The histological evaluation and macroscopic inspection at necropsy revealed minimal tissue response to both coated and uncoated materials. Data on bacterial growth indicated that bacteria were present at the terminal subcutaneous end of two of the uncoated percutaneous catheters. Based upon serum silver levels, exudate formation, histological examination, and bacterial growth information, the swine model was deemed to be suitable for testing the efficacy of catheters containing anti-microbial coatings.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Special report. Outcomes.

To meet the demands of consumers and payers, more providers are using computer-based systems to research clinical outcomes and prove they delivery high-quality, low-cost health care.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed1998

Patient education in the computer age.

The more educated the patient, the healthier the patient. That's the philosophy prompting a growing number of health care providers to take advantage of new patient education tools. Using patient education software and Internet resources helps caregivers ensure that the information delivered to a patient is appropriate and timely. Providers also are discovering that such systems yield significant clinical and financial benefits.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

Disease management hits home.

Patients suffering from chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, asthma, congestive heart failure and cancer, are beginning to find significant value in technologies designed to help them take care of themselves at home. And providers and payers are finding that new home care information technologies are helping to curb costs.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1998

Physician data entry: providing options is essential.

Getting doctors to enter data into computer-based patient records systems is a challenge. Many physicians are resisting using any of the available options, choosing instead to stick with dictating their notes for later transcription. To build support among physicians for electronic records, many health care organizations are placing a premium on identifying the easiest and most efficient data entry methods.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Sending out an SOS: the role of help desks.

Help desks are a relatively new phenomenon among health care organizations. Just a few years ago, centralized technical support for computer users was viewed as an expensive and unnecessary luxury. But with the onslaught of larger and more complex organizations, including integrated delivery systems, the need for structured technical support has grown.

Computer User Training↗