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Biomedical subjects

J A Groner

Publications and source records attributed to J A Groner.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The impact of a brief intervention on maternal smoking behavior.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if mothers receiving a smoking cessation intervention emphasizing health risks of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) for their children have a higher quit rate than 1) mothers receiving routine smoking cessation advice or 2) a control group. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Primary care center in a large urban children's hospital. INTERVENTION: Four hundred seventy-nine mothers were randomly assigned to a smoking cessation intervention either aimed at their child's health or their own health, or to a control group receiving safety information. OUTCOME MEASURES: Smoking status, stage of change, cigarettes/day, location smoking occurred, and knowledge of ETS effects. RESULTS: Complete data (baseline and both follow-ups) were available for 166 subjects. There was no impact of group assignment on the quit rate, cigarettes/day, or stage of change. The Child Health Group intervention had a sustained effect on location where smoking reportedly occurred (usually outside) and on improved knowledge of ETS effects. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to devise more effective methods of using the pediatric health care setting to influence adult smoking behaviors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A randomized trial of oral iron on tests of short-term memory and attention span in young pregnant women.

Recent studies suggest that infant behavior and psychological test performance are impaired by iron deficiency and may be improved by iron. Comparable studies have not been performed in older populations. Young women early in pregnancy whose nutritional intake may be impaired by poverty constitute a high-risk population. Women aged 14-24 years coming for prenatal care at or before 16 weeks gestation whose hematocrits were greater than or equal to 31% were randomized in a double-blind trial to receive vitamins supplemented with iron (experimental group) or vitamins alone (controls). Hematologic status and tests of short-term memory and attention span were assessed at entry and conclusion of the one-month treatment period. The experimental group showed significant improvement on the most sensitive measure of short-term memory and three subtests. On comparison of the change between initial and final scores, the experimental group showed significant or borderline greater improvement than controls on three tests. These results indicated a beneficial effect of iron therapy on psychometric test-score performance.

Adolescent↗