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Biomedical subjects

J A Kirkpatrick

Publications and source records attributed to J A Kirkpatrick.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Alternate-day prednisone reduces morbidity and improves pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis.

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of alternate-day prednisone therapy on morbidity and progression of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). At baseline the patients (aged 1-12 years) had mild to moderate lung disease, and the prednisone group did not differ significantly from the placebo group for any values measured. After 4 years, the prednisone-treated group had significant advantages over the placebo group for height, weight, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak flow rate, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum IgG. The prednisone-treated group required 9 admissions to hospital for CF-related pulmonary disease compared with 35 for the placebo group. There were no steroid-induced side-effects. To rule out bias in case selection, 69 CF clinic patients comparable in age and clinical status but not included in the study were compared with the placebo group at 4 years; no significant differences between the groups were found.

Body Height↗
PubMed1979

Krypton-81m: a better radiopharmaceutical for assessment of regional lung function in children.

Krypton-81m, an inert, radioactive gas with a physical half-life of 13 seconds was used to evaluate regional lung ventilation in 25 pediatric patients. The results suggest that Kr-81m has several advantages over previous methods employing xenon-133. These include: more favorable physical characteristics for imaging with present scintillation cameras; ease of performance of the examinations; improved resolution and multiple views with better detection and localization of abnormalities; and a much lower dose to the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

An improved radionuclide method for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in children (milk scan).

A radionuclide study using technetium-99m-labelled milk feeding is described for the detection of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in children. A comparison of findings in 39 patients referred for both radiographic and radionuclide studies showed that barium studies were positive in 25.6% and radionuclide studies in 59% of cases, reflecting the sensitivity of the radionuclide technique. This technique is also physiological and allows prolonged patient monitoring. It is simple to perform and should prove useful in the evaluation of patients suspected of having gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Lower respiratory infections: how infants differ from adults.

Largely for anatomic reasons, the peripheral airways of infants are more susceptible to inflammatory narrowing than are those of adults. When infection occurs in the lower respiratory tract of an infant, the primary effect is likely to be on the smaller airways, not the alveoli. The results are airtrapping and atelectasis. This airway obstruction often causes severe respiratory embarrassment. It is recognized on chest films by generalized hyperinflation and irregularity of aeration. Small airway obstruction is a common and important manifestation of lower respiratory infection in infancy. True consolidative pneumonia is much less frequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Radiographic findings in children with psychosocial dwarfism.

The diagnosis of psychosocial dwarfism is established through history, the determination of delay in growth and skeletal maturation, the lack of evidence of organic disease and accelerated growth and psychomotor development in a nuturing environment. Radiographically temporary widening of the cranial sutures may be detected in a follow up examination or less often already at the time of initial examination. Determination of wide cranial sutures may be contributary in establishing the diagnosis of psychosocial dwarfism. In a patient with this syndrome and lack of neurological signs or symptoms widening of the cranial sutures is an expected finding and no further neuroradiologic studies are necessary.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1975

Early neonatal pneumoperitoneum from progressive massive tension pneumomediastinum.

Three cases of early neonatal pneumoperitoneum as a result of progressive massive tension pneumomediastinum are described. The important roentgenographic features include massive pneumomediastinum located both above and behind the heart, absence of free peritoneal fluid, pneumothorax, and air in the stomach. Laparotomy should be avoided in this condition.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Ultrasonography: an aid in the diagnosis of masses in pediatric patients.

Ultrasound was used to evaluate 100 pediatric patients suspected of having a mass. This technique was found to be useful in several ways: (1) differentiation of cystic, solid, and complex masses, which is not usually possible with routine roentgenographic evaluation; (2) delineation of free fluid collections from those that are loculated or contained within masses; (3) measurement of the size of both normal and abnormal structures; and (4) confirmation of the abnormal position or absence of organs. Ultrasound was used as a supplement to routine clinical and radiologic studies.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗