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Biomedical subjects

J A Lustgarten

Publications and source records attributed to J A Lustgarten.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sudden cardiac death from acute fluoride intoxication: the role of potassium.

The mechanism of sudden cardiac death following acute fluoride intoxication has been thought to result from profound hypocalcemia produced by the precipitation of calcium fluoride salts. In studies of a canine model, the onset of lethal ventricular arrhythmias was temporally more associated with an elevation of serum potassium than with a drop in serum calcium. Fluoride-induced hyperkalemia could not be prevented with glucose, insulin, or bicarbonate. In the erythrocytes, a five-minute exposure to 10 mM NaF caused a 50% increase in extracellular potassium concentrations after 12 hours compared to control erythrocyte suspensions (P less than .001). The total potassium efflux after 12 hours of incubation was linearly related to the log of fluoride contact time (r, 0.886; P less than .001). The treatment of fluoride-induced hyperkalemia may depend on removal of fluoride and potassium.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The manipulation of potassium efflux during fluoride intoxication: implications for therapy.

Based on findings in 2 fluoride-toxic patients, it was suspected that hyperkalemia played a clinically important role in the etiology of sudden death from fluoride poisoning. Using fluoridated human erythrocytes as an in vitro model, it was confirmed that fluoride produced a marked potassium efflux from intact cells. Further, neither glucose and insulin in pharmacologic doses, nor various buffers could halt the efflux by shifting the potassium intracellularly. If these results can be extrapolated to the clinical situation, removal of potassium and fluoride via exchange resins or dialysis remains the only reasonable approach to this life threatening problem. Aside from sudden hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia, no serologic marker for fluoride toxicity has been identified. A high degree of clinical suspicion is therefore essential to the diagnosis.

Calcium↗
PubMed1981

Tetracycline-associated fatty liver of pregnancy, including possible pregnancy risk after chronic dermatologic use of tetracycline.

Two cases of tetracycline-associated fatty liver of pregnancy are reported. In one, the history was negative for antibiotic use, yet autopsy revealed typical gross and microscopic bone fluorescence of tetracycline. Tissue extraction and chemical analysis showed qualitative evidence of tetracycline, whereas quantitation revealed 60 microgram/gm of wet bone tissue. Findings in our cases and in those from the literature indicate that the association of tetracycline use and fatty liver of pregnancy is even more common than has been suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A prospective evaluation of placental lactogen as a test for neonatal risk.

This study evaluates the usefulness of maternal serum concentrations of human placental lactogen in the management of high-risk pregnancies. The study was performed in a community hospital over a year's time and involved 250 gestations. The test detected only 11.4% of the pregnancies defined as high-risk by clinical criteria and none of the pregnancies in which the newborn was compromised. Serum human placental lactogen is an insensitive test in predicting the outcome of pregnancies in an obstetric population unless historical information regarding maternal disease is unavailable.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of contemporary methods for serum CO2.

We evaluated and inter-compared several newer methods for CO2 analysis--titrimetric (Van Slyke), automatic titrator, continuous-flow/indicator, and coupled-enzyme procedures--with respect to accuracy, precision, specificity interferences, and management criteria. All methods studied appeared to be clinically acceptable; but precision decreased (standard deviations increased) for the last two methods in above-normal ranges.

Autoanalysis↗