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Biomedical subjects

J A Maradona Hidalgo

Publications and source records attributed to J A Maradona Hidalgo.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Postsurgical meningitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: study of 15 cases and review of the literature].

OBJECTIVE: Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis is a rare condition which is usually associated with pathology in the ORL field, neurosurgery or local neurologic manipulations. The characteristics, epidemiology, and course of this entity were determined. METHODS: Fifteen episodes of nosocomial postsurgical Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis occurred between 1989 and 1996 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A previous cranioencephalic trauma was recorded in 46.6% of patients. The portals of entry included: intraventricular catheter (IC) (12 cases), CSF fistula (2 cases), and craniotomy (1 case). In five occasions (41.6%) the microorganism was also recovered from the intraventricular catheter. Once culture results were available, therapy with active drugs against Pseudomonas was instituted and in 7 occasions was accompanied by the removal of IC. Eight patients eventually cured and two patients relapsed. The absence of cure was significantly associated with non-removal of the IC (p < 0.01). The infection resulted in death in 26.6% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Postsurgical Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis is an entity of growing relevance. It is associated with relevant morbi-mortality. Catheter removal is essential to obtain a favorable outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Pyogenic hepatic abscess. Review of 59 cases and experience with imipenem].

OBJECTIVES: To study the different etiopathogenic, microbiological, clinical, evolutive, and therapeutic aspects in patients with pyogenic liver abscesses, with a special emphasis in the usefulness of imipenem-cilastatin therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical records of 59 patients with liver abscesses (45 single abscess and 14 multiple abscesses) diagnosed at our institution in the last eleven years were studied. RESULTS: The most common predisposing conditions included biliary (35.6%) and colon (15.3%) diseases, and abdominal trauma (15.3%). The microorganisms responsible for these abscesses included E. coli, Bacteroides spp., and different streptococci. CT and/or abdominal echography were the diagnostic techniques most commonly used. Twenty-three patients were treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics, 22 with surgical drainage and antibiotics, 6 with both types of drainage and antibiotics, and 8 exclusively with antibiotics. Twenty-three patients received imipenem (1 g/IV/8 h) and 29 other antibiotics. Twelve patients died and 9 required admission at the ICU. With regard to patients treated with imipenem, 17 (73.9%) cured, 3 of them (one single abscess and two multiple abscesses) without drainage. Two patients treated with imipenem (8.7%) and 4 treated with other antibiotics (13.8%) relapsed. CONCLUSIONS: Imipenem can be a useful antibiotic in association with percutaneous or surgical drainage for the treatment of pyogenic liver abscesses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Immunological changes in chronic osteomyelitis].

We have studied several aspects of cellular and humoral immunity in 19 patients with chronic osteomyelitis (CO) compared with 11 healthy controls of similar characteristics. Patients with CO showed significantly higher values of GSR, reactive protein C (RPC), IgG and lymphocytes CD3+ and lower values of the CD4+/CD3+ ratio, as well as an hypoergic response to 7 antigens in the different cutaneous hypersensibility tests, compared with healthy controls. The rate of "in vitro" blastic stimulation by different lectins was significantly lower in the group of patients, compared with controls. These changes in the cellular immunity are not correlated with the extent, chronicity and prognosis of the disease, although we did not performed sequential studies of the immunitary condition. None of these immunological markers seem to be a better predictor of the bone infectious activity than the traditional GSR or RPC.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experience and evaluation of studies on the prevalence of nosocomial infections at a general hospital].

From November 1986 to December 1987 we undertook 5 different counts of the prevalence of nosocomial infections (NI) in 4,572 patients (100% of the population). The following are the most important average values: NI overall, 14.4%, distributed as follows: urinary infections, 29.1%; surgical wounds, 21.6%; pneumonias 8.6%; phlebitis due to catheter insertion, 14.5%; and bacteremias, 5.2%. The most commonly found microorganisms were E. coli, S. aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus. These studies reflect the need to decrease the prevalence of NI, mainly those coming from surgical wounds and from the urinary tract. These type counts are feasible with limited human resources. However, they are not appropriate for analyzing in detail the causes of the different types of NI nor in epidemic situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Alcoholic liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and behavior of different lymphocyte populations].

There is no clear explanation for the known fact that peripheral levels of T lymphocytes are decreased in alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis. Cellular immune deficiency in cirrhosis has been attributed to this phenomenon. In order to confirm this observation and clarify its cause, the different lymphocyte populations of the peripheral blood of 52 patients with alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis and of 30 control subjects were studied. Absolute lymphocyte counts were decreased in cirrhotic patients (p less than 0.05) due to a marked reduction of T lymphocytes (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, T lymphocytes and, to a lesser degree, B lymphocytes, but not the remaining lymphocyte populations (referred to as "other lymphocytes" in this study), were decreased in relation to the existence of portal hypertension. Thus, a significant reduction of T and B lymphocytes (p less than 0.001) exists in cirrhotics with portal hypertension with respect to those without portal hypertension. The sequestering action of the hypertrophic spleen in patients with portal hypertension could be responsible for this phenomenon.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1981

[Immunoglobulins and non-organ-specific antibodies in alcoholic liver cirrhosis].

The quantitative alterations of serum immunoglobulins and their relationship with functional liver alterations, and the incidence of non organ-specific antibodies have been studied in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. The study was performed in 52 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, and 30 healthy subjects were used as controls. Main findings were: increased serum IgA, IgG, and IgM in cirrhosis (p less than 0.001), increased IgA in liver failure (p less than 0.005), and increased IgM in patients with portal hypertension (p less than 0.001). Regarding non organ-specific antibodies, antinuclear antibodies were found in 28 % of the cases, and anti-smooth muscle antibodies in 9 %. No relationship could be established between antibody positivity and quantitative alterations of the serum immunoglobulins.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗