Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J A Marsh.
The effect of acute anaesthetic (1,0 MAC) and chronic subanaesthetic (0,1 MAC) exposure to methoxyflurane and enflurane on the levels of several liver enzymes is reported. Methoxyflurane appears to be an enzyme-inducing agent similar to spironolactone, whereas enflurane does not appear to be an inducing agent for any of the enzymes studied.
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From our studies of the rat we report observations on three aspects of the interaction of ethrane and liver. 1. Interaction of ethrane with cytochrome P450 in vitro. 2. The effect of ethrane administration on glutathione levels in vivo. 3. The effects of repeated ethrane administration in the absence and presence of microsomal enzymic induction on liver morphology. We conclude that ethrane has little or no propensity for damaging the liver.
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The production and usage of herbicides have increased dramatically in recent years. Consequently there is growing concern about the effects of these chemicals on the environment, particularly the possible long-term effects on soil fertility which may result from disturbance of the soil microflora. This review considers the recent developments in the study of the interactions between herbicides and microorganisms, and discusses the problems of evaluating the results of such studies with a view to determining or predicting possible short-term or long-term effects which may be of practical significance.
A comparison of methods of preparing the hyaluronic acid of equine synovial fluid for quantitative spectrophotographic analysis is presented. A new method is proposed which appears superior to the previous methods.
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The role of the different cytochromes P-450 in the metabolism of the anaesthetic agent fluroxene, and the mechanism of production of toxic effects seen after pre-treatment of the animals with pehnobarbital prior to anaesthesia, have been investigated. Male rats were anaesthetized with fluroxene, or with 2,2,2-trifluroethyl ethyl ether, or with ethyl vinyl ether in an attempt to ascertain the in vivo toxic effects of the three anaesthetic agents. The resultant hepatic histology is reported. A study of the binding and metabolism of fluroxene by isolated rat hepatic microsomes was also made. We conclude that it is elevated levels of cytochrome P-450 which potentiate the toxicity of fluroxene anaesthesia in phenobarbital treated animals and that cytochrome P-448 does not bind or metabolize fluroxene. The potential toxicity of the fluroxene molecule is considered to reside in the trifluoroethyl moiety, while the vinyl group of fluroxene appears to play a role in the observed liver damage.
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