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Biomedical subjects

J A Pearsol

Publications and source records attributed to J A Pearsol.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The twin epidemics of substance use and HIV: a state-level response using a train-the-trainer model.

Use of alcohol and drugs is highly correlated with acquiring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the precursor to developing an AIDS-related condition. Today the USA faces not one but two epidemics, the twin epidemics of substance use and HIV infection. A needs assessment in the state of Ohio of the 300 state-supported drug treatment facilities confirmed a need for HIV-related education and training of the 120 health care personnel, physicians and nurses. Unique train-the-trainer programming was planned and undertaken, including in the same training programme physician and nurse participants dealing both with substance use and HIV/AIDS issues. Significant differences were found in perceived levels of knowledge, and/or attitudes, before and after programme sessions, regarding substance use, HIV/AIDS, and related training issues. To reach all of Ohio's 120 drug treatment facility physicians and nurses required a 2.75 person-hour per trainee expenditure of professional resources.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Nurses in resident evaluation. A qualitative study of the participants' perspectives.

This study complemented a large psychometric study using nurses to assess medical residents' humanistic behavior. It was designed to identify how nurses and residents defined humanistic qualities and behaviors and what factors affected their views of residents' performance and evaluation. The study also illustrates how qualitative methods were used to complement quantitative psychometric data and thereby yield a more complete assessment of the value of a new performance evaluation form. The results indicated that nurses' definitions of humanistic behavior often differed from residents', tending to reflect a broader perspective on the physician's role and responsibility in patient care. Nurses and residents disagreed about whether nurses were qualified to evaluate residents' humanistic behavior and about what nurses actually observed on the wards. Professional respect was an issue for both nurses and residents. The discussion section identifies some implications for resident training and nurse-resident relationships and supports the value of combining research strategies when evaluating complex human behavior.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

The nature of explanation in qualitative evaluation.

In recent years evaluation has mushroomed dramatically as a discipline. A number of evaluation "models" or approaches have been conceived, and varieties of social science methods have been employed serving several evaluative purposes. Missing from the health profession's literature on evaluation is a discussion of the underlying explanatory purposes of evaluative inquiry. It can be argued that systematic accounts of a logical inquiry (evaluation) are inextricably bound to particular views or accounts of the logic of explanation. In this article those accounts of explanation that pertain to conventional and qualitative evaluation are reviewed and compared. The article describes what one has "bought off on" when applying the explanatory rationale underlying qualitative evaluation approaches. Problems and possibilities are described for the practice of qualitative evaluation in the health professions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗