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Biomedical subjects

J A Pinotti

Publications and source records attributed to J A Pinotti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Users' awareness of factors associated with complications during pill use.

This study compared the frequency of factors and diseases that contribute to the risks of oral contraceptive use among current users and non-users of oral contraception in order to evaluate the users' awareness of factors associated with complications during oral contraceptive use. Data from 5317 current users and 8863 non-users in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were collected using questionnaires requesting information on the following variables: use of oral contraceptives, age, weight, smoking status, and the presence or history of hypertension, diabetes, cardiopathies, painful varicose veins, and epilepsy. Half of the users had some risk factors, and 17.4% were at high risk of complications from oral contraceptive use. Risk factors and diseases which appeared to be poorly known by the population as increasing the risk of oral contraceptive use were smoking, hypertension and painful varicose veins. Only a small percentage of the population appeared to know that these diseases and factors could increase the risk of health problems during oral contraceptive use. The results suggest a lack of information among users and providers on factors which are associated with an increased risk of health problems during use of oral contraceptives.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Breast cancer control programme in developing countries.

Breast cancer is a very important health problem in developing countries, where its incidence has increased in the last decades. Mortality rates due to breast cancer have also increased, and the main reason for this is late diagnosis. The authors demonstrate that organizing programmes for early breast cancer detection is possible by making use of simple resources. A set of tiered interventions is proposed, stratified in levels of complexity: Level 1--Identification of abnormal breast by health professionals; Level 2--Medical assistance to women whose breast is considered abnormal, in order to diagnose and treat benign diseases and recognize suspect cases of cancer; Level 3--Management of the women with suspected or diagnosed breast cancer by a multidisciplinary team. Therefore, a proposal for wide action for breast cancer control in developing countries is presented.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Reproductive variables and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study carried out in Brazil].

The purposes of the study were to identify reproductive risk factors for breast cancer and to test the hypothesis that reproductive variables operate through a common factor: the number of times that the mammary tissue has been exposed to the endocrine changes of the ovulatory cycle. The study was conducted in Campinas, and was based on interviews with 348 women with breast cancer first diagnosed between October 1979 and August 1984. The control group consisted of 348 women with healthy breasts. The data were obtained in interviews in the home, which were conducted using a structured questionnaire that had been pretested. The data were analyzed by calculation of the odds ratio, Mantel's statistic, to determine the linear trend; by Cornfield's method to calculate the confidence intervals; and by logistic regression adjusted for paired data. It was found that nulliparity, not having breast-fed, and a high number of menstrual cycles were significantly associated with the risk of presenting the disease. In the multivariate analysis, which included all the women, the only variable associated with the risk of mammary cancer was no history of breast-feeding. When the nulliparas were excluded, logistic regression showed that higher age of the woman at her first delivery was significantly associated with breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Adequacy of contraceptive pill use among women in union].

A total of 2,364 women in marital union, 15 to 49 years of age, were interviewed at home. They lived in poor neighbourhoods in the metropolitan area and in the interior of S. Paulo State, Brazil. The prevalence of contraceptive pill use and the association between socio-demographic characteristics of users and the presence or not of risk factors for pill use were studied. One fourth (25.8 percent) of the women interviewed were using contraceptive pills. Prevalence was higher among younger women, those with no more than one live child and those who had completed between three and eight grades of schooling. Over 40 percent of the users referred having risk factors for pill use at the time they initiated the method. No association was found between age and the percentage of women with risk factors. This percentage increased with number of children and decreased with women's schooling. The fact that pills were prescribed or obtained through the health system was not associated with the proportion of users with risk factors. The percentage of users with risk factors was similar when comparing women who did not consult any health service before initiating use with those who had consulted a public service. The prevalence of use observed in this study is similar to that described by other authors. Results show that the health system in the State of S. Paulo played no role in the improvement in the prescription of hormonal contraceptive pills. Central policy seemed not to have filtered down to the peripheral areas of the system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Reproductive variables and risk of benign breast diseases. A case-control study].

The purpose of the study was the identification of risk factors for benign breast diseases (BBD); 257 women with BBD diagnosed through pathological anatomy or cytology and a matched control for each were studied. Subjects were selected at The State University of Campinas Hospital and at a private clinic. To enter the study cases had to have a first diagnosis of BBD between October 1979 and August 1984. The following BBD were considered: dysplasia, fibroadenoma, cystic disease, papilloma and ductal ectasia. Reproductive variables were studied as risk factors, including menstrual ovulatory cycles. The date on which the BBD was diagnosed was defined as the index date. For controls, data were considered up to when they had reached the same age as the matched case on the occasion of her diagnosis. Nulliparity was a risk factor for BBD. First birth at or above age 30 was a protective factor. Women who had used contraceptive pills for two or more years had a significantly lower risk than those who had never used them. The number of menstrual ovulatory cycles was not found to be associated with the risk of BBD. The results obtained from the study of Brazilian women confirm some of the conclusions found in the literature, mainly those that associate some reproductive variables with the risk of BBD. A few of these variables are also confirmed as risk factors for breast cancer.

Brazil↗
PubMed1990

[Primary reconstruction in breast-saving cancer surgery].

Breast-conserving therapy in mammary carcinoma is an alternative to the more radical forms of therapy when the tumors are small. The cosmetic results obtained are not always satisfactory. Correction of deformities of this kind in breasts which have been subjected to post-operative radiation is difficult and dangerous. Consequently, reconstruction of the mammary gland should be included in the primary operation. The technical possibilities for doing so are listed. It seems to be justifiable from an oncological point of view.

Breast↗
PubMed1989

Unwanted pregnancy: challenges for health policy.

In Latin America, governments fail to recognize that information and services for sexuality, reproduction and contraception are essential to women's health. Governments should adopt comprehensive women's health policies and programs to help women avoid unwanted pregnancies that lead to dangerous illegal abortions. This includes sex education, especially for adolescents; contraceptive choices; accessible services; decriminalization of abortion and removal of obstacles to legal abortion services; and support for women who wish to carry their pregnancies to term.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic suspension of vaginal prolapse.

A new alternative for the surgical treatment of vaginal prolapse is presented in which the prolapse vagina is brought towards the abdominal wall using an extraperitoneal abdomino perineal approach with endoscopic control. The technique consists of a small suprapubic transverse incision to expose the abdominis rectus muscle aponeurosis. A Stamey needle is passed retropubically to the vagina and the extremity of a helicoidal suture previously made in the vaginal wall is introduced in the eye of the needle. It is then withdrawn to bring the thread to the suprapubic region. The maneuver is repeated on the other side and the threads are tied up over the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis muscles, bringing the vagina to its original position. Endoscopic control is important to avoid bladder perforation.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Evolution of cystic and adnexal tumors identified by echography.

The authors present their experience in detecting volume and echostructure alterations of the ovary in 14,525 women examined echographically and clinically. They analyzed 499 adnexal tumors and observed after clinical follow-up and echography that 60.6% of the cystic-septa tumors had involuted spontaneously. Percentage of spontaneous resolution was higher in small-diameter tumors, avoiding unnecessary surgery.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Maternity care in developing countries: relevance of new technological advances.

It is suggested that improved maternity care in the developing world depends primarily on the increased provision of cost-effective, basic, easily accessible maternity care services. Expensive new technologies should be judged by their effectiveness, safety, technical feasibility, cost (including operating and maintenance expenses) and local need. After identifying the major causes of morbidity and mortality, priority should be given to interventions applicable at the local level and which do not require highly or specially trained educated personnel.

Brazil↗
PubMed1987

Estrogen receptors in breast cancer--therapeutic response to the treatment of recurrences.

The authors analyze estrogen receptors in 501 cases of breast cancer and the therapeutic response achieved with treatment of patients who relapsed. The method utilized to determine the presence of estrogen receptor was cytosol protein-counting and Dextran coated charcoal (DCC) saturation analysis. Patients were treated with chemotherapy when the primary tumor was estrogen-receptor negative. If receptor was present, anti-estrogen drug (Tamoxifen) was added. Patients previously treated with the anti-estrogen presented a better response to anti-estrogen therapy and a lower recurrence rate. Recurrences were more frequent in estrogen receptor negative cases and better responses to treatment were found in estrogen receptor positive ones.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗