Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J A Rafert.
Standard radiographic projections may not provide a complete diagnosis of acetabular fractures, which often are the result of an automobile accident or other injury applying severe force to the femur. The Judet oblique projection of the pelvis and a variation described by the authors reduces patient risk and discomfort while demonstrating fractures not clearly seen on routine radiographs.
Fracture of the scaphoid bone accounts for 60 percent of all carpal injuries. Early diagnosis of a scaphoid fracture is extremely important. Missing the fracture may lead to disability due to potential avascular necrosis or non-union of the fragments. The presence of a scaphoid fracture may be determined with greater certainty by using a multiple angle scaphoid series detailed by the author.
Evaluating new developments in surgical methods and materials of aortic bypass prosthetics requires the use of an appropriate animal model, a well established surgical protocol and post surgical aortography. This article describes the surgical technique, post operative care and the angiographic technique used for an apicoaortic conduit placement in a canine model.
The percutaneous, intraluminal placement of an expandable arterial stent is a new method for reducing stenosis in atherosclerotic arteries. This method, used in conjunction with balloon angioplasty, involves the placement of metallic mesh stent at the sight of the stenosis. Use of this technique has resulted in various improvements over angioplasty alone.
One of the most common fractures of the humeral head resulting from an anterior dislocation is the Hill-Sachs defect. Other special radiographic positions to demonstrate this injury may prove difficult for the patient to assume and maintain. An axillary shoulder projection with exaggerated external rotation is easy to position and clearly demonstrates the Hill-Sachs defect.
Defecography is a radiographic study that demonstrates the physiological process involved when the rectum evacuates. Fluoroscopy, video recording and spot films are used to record the sequence of events that occur during defecation. Proper radiographic techniques and procedures must be used to demonstrate pathological conditions such as rectoceles, rectal intussusception and prolapse of the rectum.