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Biomedical subjects

J A Talbott

Publications and source records attributed to J A Talbott.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

State-university collaboration in psychiatry: the Pew Memorial Trust Program.

This contribution summarizes the background leading up to the goals of and the experience gained from a major national initiative to expand and improve collaborative activities between state departments of mental health and university departments of psychiatry through regional conferences, national workshops, ongoing consultations, and awards. It details the problems of the public system and how successful collaborative efforts have improved the situation, cites the role of one such a program (in Maryland), recounts the process of holding a national invitational conference and the subsequent "Call to Action," and summarizes what the Pew Project is intended to do and how the project is progressing.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1979

Opposition to "coercive continuing medical education and mandatory recertification".

A district branch survey on attitudes toward obligatory continuing medical education (CME) and mandatory recertification indicated that most respondents approved the concept of lifelong learning. However, proposed methods of implementation of CME were criticized on grounds of commercialization, bureaucratization, poor quality, wasting time and money, excessive external control over learning, and flawed requirements. Objections to mandatory recertification centered mainly on an abhorrence of Board-type examinations. The author offers suggestions to program directors and sponsors, educational researchers, and CME administrators as to ways to answer these criticisms of CME and recertification.

American Medical Association↗
PubMed1979

Why psychiatrists leave the public sector.

The flight of psychiatrists from public mental health facilities must be halted if the sickest psychiatric patients--the severely and chronically mentally ill--are to receive the best care and treatment possible. The author emphasizes the need for commitment by organized psychiatry, universities, and communities to support the public sector and those working in it. He examines the factors that influence psychiatrists to enter public service and those that eventually cause them to leave. He notes that the departure of public hospital psychiatrists for quasi-public settings has parallelled the transfer of patients to community settings, and that these psychiatrists may now be treating in such settings patients they once saw in the hospital.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Deinstitutionalization: avoiding the disasters of the past.

The reasons for the problems created by deinstitutionalization have only recently become clear; they include a lack of consensus about the movement, no real testing of its philosophic bases, the lack of planning for alternative facilities and services (especially for a population with notable social and cognitive deficits), and the inadequacies of the mental health delivery system in general. Providing care for the chronically ill and preparing for future deinstitutionalization means that the issue must be reconceptualized not as one of where people should be housed but as the need to provide the full range of treatments and services that are available in a total institution. Attitudinal and institutional biases and discriminatory practices must be combated, planning for community facilities and services must be improved, and funding for both institutional and community services must be provided during the phasing down of institutional services. The author proposes a set of ten commandments or basic rules to guide future deinstitutionalization activities.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1978

Differences between nonprofessional recovering alcoholic counselors treating Bowery alcoholics: a study of therapist variables.

Several treatment variables have been suggested as critical in the outcome of psychiatric therapy. These can be categorized as patient variables, therapy variables, and therapist variables. This study utilized a homogeneous Bowery-patient population, treated in a comprehensive inpatient treatment and rehabilitation program, and attempted to assess differences among nonprofessional recovering alcoholic counselors. The therapeutic outcome of the alcoholic patients was correlated with the values held by the counselors as assessed on the Rokeach Value Scale, suggesting that this instrument may provide an easy to administer and inexpensive screening method for counselors of patients suffering from alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Reactions of schizophrenics to life-threatening disease.

This contribution reports a study of chronic schizophrenics hospitalized in state hospitals who suffer from serious and life-threatening medical and surgical illnesses. Four primary findings are described and discussed: lack of verbalization of pain and discomfort; bodily self-mutilation; toleration and exhibition of loathsome lesions; and inability or unwillingness to tolerate medical care. Some examples of exceptions to these four findings are also presented. Possible explanations for the findings are discussed in terms of their biological, social, and psychological components, recognizing that no single factor can explain the findings in this complex and varied population. It is concluded that treatment staffs in the hospital or community must be alert to changes in patient state, must utilize compromise methods of care and must anticipate or deduce a patient's needs while the patient is physically ill.

Adult↗