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Biomedical subjects

J Adès

Publications and source records attributed to J Adès.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Neural symptoms induced by tricyclic antidepressants: phenomenology and pathophysiology.

The authors review the literature describing the neural symptoms induced by tricyclic antidepressants, especially tremor, seizures, akathisia, myoclonus, dyskinesia and delirium. Sedation, modifications of sleep, memory and appetite are also described. Tremor and myoclonus are the most frequent drug-induced neural symptoms. Delirium is most often caused by high-dosage treatments. The pathophysiology of akathisia and dyskinesia raises important questions concerning the mode of action of antidepressants.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Prescription of lithium in alcoholic patients].

The first, non-standardized studies on the effects of lithium against alcoholism involved a small number of subjects and were encouraging. Subsequent studies have not cast any doubt on the usefulness of lithium in alcoholics with disorders of mood. No effect of lithium on the urge to drink and on the frequency of relapses has yet been demonstrated, but lithium is known to reduce the cognitive and suggestive effects of alcohol abuse. However, the cell lithium/plasma lithium ratio must be taken into account when the cognitive effects of alcohol are evaluated. From a biological viewpoint, lithium and alcohol share some common targets: serotonin metabolism and uptake, membrane fluidity and membrane phospholipids organization.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Withdrawal syndrome from antidepressive drugs. Report of 5 cases].

Antidepressant withdrawal symptoms, following abrupt or gradual discontinuation of antidepressants, include general somatic distress (flu-like syndromes, gastro-intestinal disturbances, myalgias, headache, chills, weakness and rhinorrhea), anxiety, agitation, sleep disturbances, movement disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, delirium and manic reactions. Two cases of delirium, an hypomanic reaction and two general distress and movement disorders are reported. Cases 1 and 2 required admission to a general hospital. The etiology of the delirium was difficult to assess as long as the clinicians did not know that patients were taking antidepressants. Case 3 corresponds to the paradoxical activation following antidepressant interruption. Cases 4 and 5 constitutes light withdrawal syndromes. Most of cases are probably unrecognized. These cases reflect the importance in daily practice of the phenomena. It can be concluded from our study that: antidepressants must not be abruptly discontinued when a somatic disease appears. When a patient treated with a psychotropic drug develops delirium, the withdrawal of antidepressant must be suspected and the prescribing physician contacted to know what kind of psychoactive medication was prescribed.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Behavior dyscontrol scale: validation and initial results].

The numerous recent trials devoted to disruptive behavior disorders indicate the renewed interest of clinicians for these so-called dimensions and call for revision of the instruments with which they are evaluated. The present paper provides a brief review of the currently used scales for rating impulsivity. A new scale for evaluating the behavioural dyscontrol is proposed. The items of this scale are selected a priori according to clinical experience with patients suffering from lack of behavioural control. The Behaviour Dyscontrol Scale (BDS) includes, in the initial version, 4 parts. The first part concerns the generalized lack of control (G-BDS). This is a questionnaire of 24 items. The second part is constituted by a questionnaire which lists a number of specific behaviours where impulsivity has a central role (S-BDS). Part III is constituted with 4 Visual Analogue Scales for evaluating handicap linked to dyscontrol. Part IV is constituted by 3 Visual Analogue Scales concerning the physician global impression about the lack of general control in cognitions, emotions and behaviours. For validation, 166 patients (111 females and 55 males), either hospitalized or ambulatory, and 35 controls (16 females and 19 males) were included in this study. Mean age of patients was 38.5 (SD = 10.5) years. The patients population is subdivided in 4 subgroups, anxious, depressed, abusers and bulimics according to DSM III-R criteria. Patients and controls global scores were significantly different at the G-BDS (p less than 10(-4)) and not at S-BDS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗