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Biomedical subjects

J Adlung

Publications and source records attributed to J Adlung.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Glucose tolerance in alcoholic hepatitis. Studies preceding and following alcohol abstinence].

In 51 patients with alcohol-induced liver injury glucose tolerance and insulin incretion were followed under alcohol abstinence over a period of 4 weeks. In 63% of the cases a pathologic glucose tolerance was found at the beginning. After 4 weeks, when the biochemical liver parameter had become normal, glucose tolerance also returned to normal. The serum insulin levels, in contrast, did not develop any changes. Thus, glucose tolerance improved under unchanged absolute insulin concentrations. From these results, we suggest an insulin resistance in cases of active alcoholic liver injury being reversible under the improvement of liver function during alcohol abstinence.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1981

[The behavior of glucose tolerance, serum insulin and C-peptide in acute viral hepatitis].

On 35 patients with acute hepatitis had been carried out intravenous glucose-tolerance-tests (0,5 g glucose/kg). The assimilation coefficient of glucose and the level of insulin were determined during the acute phase of illness and the recovery phase. In 8 cases additionally C-peptide was determined to interpret the regulation of insulin-secretion and hepatic reduction. During the acute phase of illness the glucose-tolerance-test proofed 15 x clearly and 13 x limiting pathological. Except one patient all cases showed an improvement during recovery and 21 x a normalisation of glucose-tolerance. The serum-insulin-analysis gave 28 x lower figures during the acute phase compared to the healing-phase, whereas the determination of the C-peptide showed higher figures matching the enhanced glucose concentrations, which proves a normal regulation of insulin-secretion during the acute phase of disease in hepatitis. Because of the enhanced C-peptide/insulin-index our results support that in the early state of hepatitis the lower insulin figures are caused through a higher insulin clearance of the acute inflamed liver.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Incorporation of free glycerol during re-esterification of absorbed long-chain triglycerides].

Incorporation of 14C-glycerol in absorbed LCT (via glycerophosphate) was measured in 16 volunteers. 1. Supplied orally, 14C-incorporation was about 8-times higher than after i. v. injection. 2. After supply of 14C-glycerol and 3H-palmitate, dissolved in 1.0 indian corn oil/kg, during the first 10 hours 14C-incorporation was about 40% and during the first 3 hours about equal to the re-incorporation of 3H. 3. When compared with incorporation from 3H-glucose, 14C-glycerol incorporation was 3-6-fold. The results demonstrate, that free glycerol liberated during intraluminal hydrolysis of LCT is re-incorporated in the absorbed triglycerides to a high percentage.

Esterification↗
PubMed1979

[Gastrointestinal hemorrhage into the duct of Wirsung caused by chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of the pancreas (author's transl)].

Report on 3 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding from the pancreas. In 2 patients with pancreatic pseudocysts and carcinoma of the pancreas a hemorrhage from the papilla Vateri due to a communication with the common pancreatic duct was observed endoscopically. In the third case a pancreatic pseudocyst had ruptured into the stomach. In the 2 cases with bleeding from the papilla routine gastroscopy with prograde optical fiberscope revealed blood in the duodenum, while the cause of bleeding could be established only with a side viewing duodenoscope.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of light physical work on the glucose formation in the liver in patients with liver cirrhosis].

In 7 normals and 7 patients with cirrhosis of the liver the influence of moderate physical work on glucose turnover was determined with 14C-glucose. Under resting conditions glucose turnover was 0.60 +/- 0.12 mmol/h/kg in the normals and 0.45 +/- 0.13 mmol/h/kg in the patients (mean +/- SD). During one hour's ergometer work of 45 +/- 12 watt, an increase of 90 +/- 42% (normals) and 53 +/- 29% (patients) was observed which resulted in a significantly lower turnover in the cirrhotics during work (normals 1.12 +/- 0.16, cirrhotics 0.68 +/- 0.14 mmol/h/kg). Serum concentrations of glucose, insulin and FFA remained constant in the normals, while in the patients a slight decrease in glucose and FFA was observed. Serum lactate levels were slightly higher and normalization lasted longer than in normals. It is obvious from these results that even fundamental liver functions, such as glucose production, are disturbed in patients with liver cirrhosis and show a reduced augmentation during physical work.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

[Fructose tolerance and utilization in healthy and chronically diseased liver].

In 12 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 11 normal subjects (N) equimolar (0.75 g/kg/h for 4 hrs.) 14C-(1)-glucose and 14C-(1)-fructose infusions were administered. When given fructose, N and LC showed only a small increase of serum-glucose and -fructose concentrations in steady state. In N and LC the total fructose clearance was significantly higher than the total glucose clearance. No differences were found between N and LC. The metabolic clearance was equal in both groups when given fructose, whereas during glucose infusion lower in LC than in N. 30% of the infused 14C-fructose were recovered in 14C-glucose. The renal loss in both groups was higher for glucose than for fructose. A more extensive renal 14C-excretion during infusion of 14C-fructose was due to a higher 14C-lactate excretion.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis of fat absorption with 14C-tripalmitate/3H-palmitic acid.

In 44 normal subjects, in 89 patients with chronic pancreatitis, of whom 23 had elevated faecal fat, and in 19 patients with various diseases of the small gut investigations with 14C-tripalmitate and 3H-palmitic acid, dissolved in 1.0 g Indian corn oil/kg, were performed. Serum lipid activity of 14C and 3H was measured 4, 6, and 8 h later. Compared with absolute values of triglyceride absorption (percentage dose of 14C-lipid activity/l serum), relative values (14C/3H ratio of the serum lipids) led to a significantly better discrimination between the control group and patients, attributable to a much smaller normal range. Compared with fatty acid absorption, triglyceride absorption was lowered in all cases of pancreatic steatorrhoea, in most cases of chronic pancreatitis, and in some cases of intestinal malabsorption. While the proposed procedure seems to be sensitive and reliable in the detection of maldigestion, a distinction between maldigestion and malabsorption is apparently uncertain.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1979

[Comparative studies on the use of equimolar 14C-labeled glucose and fructose infusions in normal subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis].

In 11 normal subjects (NS) and 12 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) the utilisation of 14C-glucose and 14C-fructose infusions (0.75 g/kg/h for 4 h) was compared. There were nor relevant side effects. Lactate and pyruvate were in both groups during fructose infusion slightly increased compared to glucose infusion. The free fatty acids were significantly decreased. The serum glucose level rose more in LC than in NS when given fructose infusion. During glucose and fructose infusion in LC higher insulin concentrations were calculated than in NS. 15 min after infusion of 14C-fructose 20% of the total serum activity was 14C-glucose, after 2 to 4 h the level was 30%. Differences between NS and LC were not found to be significant. The specific activity of 14CO2 was the same in both the 14C-glucose infusion and the 14C-fructose infusion. The glucose oxidation was impaired in LC, but not the 14CO2-exhalation during infusion of 14C-fructose. Unimpaired 14CO2-exhalation, and normal utilisation and conversion to glucose are arguments for the use of fructose in infusion treatment of cirrhotics.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

[Relapsing lipomatosis of the ileocolic junction after surgery (author's transl)].

A 58 year old women had massive hemorrhage from ulcers originating from lipomatosis of the ileocecal valve. The tumor and part of the intestine were removed by ample surgical resection and ileo-ascendostomy was performed. The patient relapsed 11 months later with hemorrhage and lipomatosis adjacent to the anastomosis established surgically 11 months before. This case report demonstrates that lipomatosis does not only occur at the ileocecal valve but as well at junctions established artificially between ileum and colon. The reasons for this latter event are unknown.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Simultaneous enzyme determination of C-14 glucose and C-14 fructose in human body fluids].

A new enzymatic method for simultaneous estimation of radioactivity of 1-14C-glucose and 1-14C-fructose is described. It is based on the isomerisation of 1-14C-fructose to 1-14C-glucose by phosphoglucoseisomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) and on its enzymatic removal as ribulose-5-phosphate and 14CO2. The method is specific, reproducible, and gives over 97% recoveries of glucose and fructose concentrations up to 11 mmol/1 in aquos and biological solutions.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1978

[Breath analysis tests in gastrointestinal disorders (author's transl)].

From various breath tests up to now mainly measurement of respiratory 14CO2 and hydrogen have attained clinical application. Breath tests are easily performable, without discomfort for patient or in investigator and do hardly require active support of the patient. On the other hand absorption tests, as 14C-tripalmitate- and 14C-lactose-breath test, are influenced by alterations of the metabolism in a considerable degree, and clinical significance and specificity of the 14C-cholylcycline-breath test remains questionable hitherto. Nevertheless, obtained values which are independent from metabolism, high sensitivity and lack of competitive methods are arguments for the 14C-cholylglycinebreth test for the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel. Breath analysis of hydrogen seems to be a very sensitive and reliable method for detecting carbohydrate malabsorption, as lactose intolerance.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1978

[Effects of dopamine and orciprenalin on human metabolism (author's transl)].

10 healthy probands were given on several subsequent days by intravenous infusion lasting 20' only orciprenalin and dopamine in therapeutic doses of 0.1 mg/kg bodyweight and 0.5 mg, respectively. In all cases application of orciprenalin resulted in a significant rise of glucose, insuline, lactate and free fatty acids. By contrast, no such changes were observed after infusion of dopamine. This suggests that a rise of free fatty acids in the serum may be important for the occurrence of cardiac arrythmia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The effect of fructose on glucose formation and oxydation in healthy subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis].

The effect of fructose infusions (1.0 g/kg/g) on serum glucose, insulin, lactate, free fatty acids, glucose production and glucose oxidation was investigated with 14C-glucose in 10 normals and 11 patients with liver cirrhosis. Elevation of glucose and insulin were small and only slightly higher in cases of cirrhosis. Decrease of free fatty acids and rise of lactate were approximately the same in both groups. During infusion of fructose glucose turnover increased up to 196 +/- 41% in the normals and up to 279 +/- 78% in the patients with cirrhosis. No influence on the specific activity of 14CO2 was observed. It was therefore suggested, that approximately the same amount of glucose leaving the liver in excess during infusion of fructose was taken up by the liver at the same time. This behaviour of glucose supply to the blood stream and removal from it would explain, why high rates of conversion of fructose to glucose were measured with 14C-fructose, while only small amounts of glucose production were estimated from hepatic arteriovenous differences.

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified↗