PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Aguayo Maldonado

Publications and source records attributed to J Aguayo Maldonado.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Neonatal resuscitation].

At birth approximately 10 % of term or near-term neonates require initial stabilization maneuvers to establish a cry or regular breathing, maintain a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute (bpm), and good color and muscular tone. About 1 % requires ventilation and very few infants receive chest compressions or medication. However, birth asphyxia is a worldwide problem and can lead to death or serious sequelae. Recently, the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) published new guidelines on resuscitation at birth. These guidelines review specific questions such as the use of air or 100 % oxygen in the delivery room, dose and routes of adrenaline delivery, the peripartum management of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and temperature control. Assisted ventilation in preterm infants is briefly described. New devices to improve the care of newborn infants, such as the laryngeal mask airway or CO2 detectors to confirm tracheal tube placement, are also discussed. Significant changes have occurred in some practices and are included in this document.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

[Peutz-Jegher's syndrome].

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare hereditary disease, although in about 20 % of patients there is no known family history. Its clinical hallmarks are facial mucocutaneous pigmentation and diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis of hamartomatous origin. The major difficulty in the management of this disease lies in the complications of surgery for small bowel polyposis and the high incidence of tumors presented by these patients as adults. We present the case of a 10-year-old girl with treatment-resistant anemia and no other clinical symptoms. Further investigation revealed pigmentation in the oral mucosa and polyposis in the stomach and small intestine. Hamartomatous lesions were confirmed by histological study of intestinal biopsy. No familial antecedents of pigmentation or intestinal polyps were found. During evolution the patient required subtotal resection of the small intestine due to invagination.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[The prenatal development of nephrological abnormalities detected during pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the conformity between the pathological prenatal ultrasound findings of the kidney and urinary tract during fetal life and in the neonatal period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a period of four years (1991-1994) 14,938 pregnant woman were controlled in our hospital by performing at least one prenatal ultrasound during the third trimester of their pregnancy to detect alterations of the kidneys and fetal urinary tract. In those newborns with a positive fetal ultrasound, a renal ultrasonography study was performed in the first week of life. RESULTS: Anomalous fetal images at the level of the kidney and/or urinary tract were found in 71 cases (0.5% of all fetuses studied), with sonography during the neonatal period confirming 46.5% of them. The most common fetal images found were pyelocaliceal dilatation in 58 cases (82% of the total) and amongst these mild cases (with renal pelvis diameter less than 10 mm) with 39 cases (55%) none of which malformation of the urinary tract could be diagnosed. In the extreme opposite, the images of severe pyelocaliceal dilatation (pelvic diameter greater than 15 mm), renal cystic images and images of agenesis or renal hypoplasia were interrelated very well (100%, 75% and 100%, respectively) with the neonatal ultrasound findings. CONCLUSIONS: We want to indicate the great help that fetal ultrasound provides in the precocious diagnosis of nephrourological malformations in the newborn.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus].

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a population of pregnant women, to evaluate the vertical transmission rates of HCV in a prospective study and to determine the repercussions and consequences in children born to infected mothers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 6556 pregnant women were tested for HCV antibodies from January 1993 to August 1995. We followed 50 babies born to infected mothers for at least 12 months (mean 15 months). Serological assays employed included a screening ELISA II confirmed with immunoblot. Viral detection was performed by qualitative and quantitative PCR for HCV-RNA. RESULTS: Fifty-nine pregnant women were AcHCV(+). This represents a seroprevalence of 0.9%. Of the 50 babies followed, 6 were PCR(+) and 44 were PCR(-). The risk of transmission is correlated with the titer of HCV-RNA in the mother. All mothers of infected babies were HIV (-). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of prevalence in our pregnant women population is 0.9%. We found a vertical transmission rate of 12%. The high serum HCV-RNA titers in the mothers are a risk factor of transmission of HCV. The viremia in the children does not predict the apparition of the clinical disease, although they can exhibit intermittent increases of transaminases.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Importance of the function of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in intrinsic and extrinsic asthma. Interaction of whole serum in the control of cellular activity].

A study was made of polynuclear leucocyte function: chemotaxis, NBT reduction and the influence of total plasma on chemotaxis, was investigated in a large group of asthmatic paediatric patients, both during and between asthmatic attacks. It has been proved that polynuclear function is different in the two types of asthma. During the asthmatic's crisis and in the intrinsic patients in intercrisis periods, there is a polynuclear neutrophil hyperreaction when the chemotaxis and the NBT reduction are raised. An inhibited chemotactic activity in the plasma of these patients is noted. This activity doesn't produce irreversible effects on the cells; it acts as a regulating mechanism on the chemotactic factors found in plasmatic fractions.

Asthma↗
PubMed1984

[Reduction of the function of polymorphonucleocytes: chemotaxis and myeloperoxidases in viral infections in childhood].

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes function--Gey mobility, chemotaxis, NBT and myeloperoxidases--was studied in 29 patients with active viral infection and after clinic recuperation: 19 mumps meningitis, five measles, three varicella, one adenovirosis and one hepatitis A; these patients were compared with 31 age matched controls. Gey mobility and chemotaxis was markedly depressed during the acute period (p [0.05 and p less than 0.001 respectively), returning to normal values with clearing of infection. Also, myeloperoxidase decreases during acute period (p less than 0.05), but they don't return to normal values with clinic recuperation (p less than 0.05). NBT was similar in both groups. Studying mumps meningitis alone authors observed that results were similar to before: chemotaxis deficit (p less than 0.05) and myeloperoxidases (p less than 0,01). According to these results depression of polymorphonuclear function justifies only partially the higher predisposition to bacterial superinfection that some viral infections have.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1984

[Function of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes in pediatric patients with intrinsic and extrinsic asthma during the intercrisis period].

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function: chemotaxis, NBT and myeloperoxidases activity, was investigated in a group of asthmatic pediatric patients, 26 with intrinsic and 27 with extrinsic asthma, during intercrisis. There was no difference between the extrinsic asthma group and the control one while the group with intrinsic asthma showed an increase of chemotaxis activity (p less than 0.001) and NBT reduction (p less than 0.01); myeloperoxidases activity was similar to the control group. The comparative study of the two types of asthma shows a significant increase of NBT reduction (p less than 0.02) and chemotaxis activity (p less than 0.001) in the intrinsic group. These findings demonstrate that polymorphonuclear function is different in the two main types of asthma during the asymptomatic period.

Asthma↗