PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Andrieu

Publications and source records attributed to J Andrieu.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of molsidomine and its active metabolite, linsidomine, in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The pharmacokinetics of molsidomine were investigated in six healthy volunteers and in seven patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. After a 2 mg oral dose, molsidomine elimination half-life was prolonged in cirrhotic patients (13.1 +/- 10.0 h vs 1.2 +/- 0.2 h, P less than 0.01) because of a decrease in its apparent plasma clearance (CL/F) (39.8 +/- 31.9 ml h-1 kg-1 in patients with cirrhosis vs 590 +/- 73 ml h-1 kg-1 in volunteers). The elimination half-life of the active metabolite, linsidomine (SIN-1) was also prolonged in cirrhotic patients (7.5 +/- 5.4 h vs 1.0 +/- 0.19 h, P less than 0.05). The AUC values of both molsidomine and linsidomine were increased in the cirrhotic group, but the increase in the former was considerably greater than in the latter as shown by the significant decrease of the ratio AUClinsidomine/AUCmolsidomine x 100 (4.5 +/- 6.1 in cirrhotic patients vs 23.5 +/- 3.4 in healthy volunteers, P less than 0.001). These results suggest that liver cirrhosis profoundly alters the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of molsidomine.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Anti-hypertensive drugs prescribed to the elderly. Multicenter study at the hospital admission of 631 patients aged 70 plus years].

The anti-hypertensive treatment of 631 patients 70 years old and over was evaluated at the time of their hospitalization in 12 Internal Medicine departments in the western Paris suburbs, in May and June 1990. 49.6 +/- 3.9% received no such therapy; 30.3 +/- 3.6% were being treated for hypertension (group 1); 8.7 +/- 2.2% were taking anti-hypertensive drugs for poorly specified reasons (group 2); 11.4 +/- 2.5% were under such treatment for another reason. In groups 1 or 1 + 2, the most frequently prescribed medications were, in decreasing order: diuretics, calcium channel blockers, converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers or central inhibitors. In the oldest patients, the beta-blockers were prescribed less and converting enzyme inhibitors more. More than half of the patients in groups 1 + 2 were taking a single drug. The most frequently prescribed combined therapy was diuretic + converting enzyme inhibitor. Our results seem to indicate that the prescription modalities depended, for the most part, upon an associated or suspected pathology, notably cardiac insufficiency.

Admitting Department, Hospital↗
PubMed1976

Lack of a significant protective effect of augmented circulating glucose on the ischemic myocardium.

This was a 60 year old woman, with a very large retro-pharyngeal tumour, mainly situated on the right, revealed by chronic decompensated respiratory failure. Admission to hospital was justified by deep coma with cyanosis of the face and extremities. She had taken 50 mg of Oxazepam the day before admission to hospital. This coma was due to chronic respiratory failure decompensated, as suggested by clinical and laboratory examination after elimination of any traumatic, neurological, endocrine or metabolic disorder. Intubation, rendered difficult by the retro-pharyngeal tumour and assisted ventilation permitted recovery of normal consciousness within 48 hours. This bi-lobed and encapsulated tumor was completely removed after full radiological assessment which showed the absence of any bony lesions. Histology suggested that this was a benign lipoma. The course was very rapidly favourable with a definite improvement in respiratory function one year after the surgical operation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacteroides infections].

The authors analyse 42 cases of bacteroides infection regrouping bacteremia and localised infection collected over a period of one year. The route of entry was almost always digestive. The prognosis seems mainly to depend on the background. The bacteriological diagnosis is now easy and germ-sensitivy is stereotyped.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fulminating pneumococcal septicemia (author's transl)].

Two cases of fulminating pneumococcal septicemia (FSP) are reported, and 47 confirmed cases were discovered after a review of the published literature. The syndrome is that of a malignant infection with fever, collapse, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, with a rapid mortal outcome in most cases. Etiologically, FSP is usually the consequence of functional or anatomical asplenia, and the relative frequency of this affection after splenectomy following trauma confirms this observation. Lack of a splenic filter and a deficiency in the phagocytic system are the reasons for microbial proliferation in the blood, and the lymphocytic defence mechanisms are inactive because of the absence of any focus of infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severe epistaxis caused by carotid artery rupture].

Epistaxis due to rupture of the carotid, usually occurs as a result of cranial or closed cranio-facial traumatism. Heamorrhage is secondary to the formation of post-traumatic arterial aneurysms or arterio-venous fistulas. Frequently, the lesion is along the intra-cavernous pathway of the internal carotid. Rupture of a spontaneous arterial aneurysm in the sphenoidal sinus is, however, extremely rare. Carotid arteriography is the main method of investigation, and this method alone is capable of detecting the carotid lesion. In addition to obvious cases, it should be requested in cases of severe, copious and recurrent epistaxis when interrogation of the patient reveals the merest hint of trauma, often a long time previously. Immediate treatment consists of anterior bilateral and naso-pharyngeal tampnage. This allows enough time for arteriography to be carried out under the most favourable conditions and also testing for carotid substitution. In order to ensure permanent thrombosis of the aneurysmal pocket or the arteriovenous fistula, most methods resolve themselves into occlusion of the carotid axis. Cervical ligature of the carotid on its own, and isolated trapping have given way to techniques employing either a combination of trapping and embolization, or the placing of a balloon probe without trapping. At present, Serbinenko is advocating using balloons released when arteriography is carried out, obliterating the fistula and left in position permanently. Finally, there is the method by which the sphenoidal sinus is approached para-lateronasally after ethmoidectomy: this is an effective method which is much less incursive than the endo-cranial approach.

Aneurysm↗