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Biomedical subjects

J B Cullen

Publications and source records attributed to J B Cullen.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Ultrastructural evidence for piecemeal and anaphylactic degranulation of human gut mucosal mast cells in vivo.

One hundred and seventeen coded intestinal biopsies were examined by electron microscopy and evaluated for morphological evidence of mast cell and basophil secretion in situ. Sixty percent of the biopsies had evidence of secretion. Mast cell secretion was evident in control biopsies, many of which were obtained from uninvolved tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Biopsies of inflamed continent pouches from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients showed more mast cell secretion than noninflamed UC pouch biopsies. This evidence of mast cell secretion supports recent work that documents high constitutive levels of histamine in jejunal fluids of Crohn's disease patients and suggests a proinflammatory role for mast cells in inflammation associated with pouchitis.

Basophils↗
PubMed1992

Pharyngeal rhabdomyoma: a clinico-pathological study.

Adult extracardiac rhabdomyomas are rare with only 33 head and neck cases being reported in the world literature. In this select group, only nine cases have been found in the pharynx. We present two cases of pharyngeal rhabdomyoma focusing on the imaging findings, surgical approaches and more specifically on the histopathological and electron microscopic diagnosis of this interesting lesion. It is important to differentiate this tumor from other neoplasms, including granular cell myoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcomas, hamartomas, and fetal rhabdomyomas.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Systemic infection with Alaria americana (Trematoda).

Alaria americana is a trematode, the adult of which is found in mammalian carnivores. The first case of disseminated human infection by the mesocercarial stage of this worm occurred in a 24-year-old man. The infection possibly was acquired by the eating of inadequately cooked frogs, which are intermediate hosts of the worm. The diagnosis was made during life by lung biopsy and confirmed at autopsy. The mesocercariae were present in the stomach wall, lymph nodes, liver, myocardium, pancreas and surrounding adipose tissue, spleen, kidney, lungs, brain and spinal cord. There was no host reaction to the parasites. Granulomas were present in the stomach wall, lymph nodes and liver, but the worms were not identified in them. Hypersensitivity vasculitis and a bleeding diathesis due to disseminated intravascular coagulation and a circulating anticoagulant caused his death 8 days after the onset of his illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Canine small bowel transplantation. A study of the immunological responses.

A canine small bowel allograft model was used to determine the effects of radiation to the graft in modifying the immunological effects of the passenger leukocytes. When untreated allografts were transplanted, death of the recipient animals occurred at a mean of nine days. The allograft was well-preserved and showed no signs of rejection. The reasons for attributing death to graft-versus-host (GVH) disease are discussed. When allografts were treated with 150 rads prior to transplantation, allograft rejection occurred, with death of the recipient animals at a mean of 9.2 days. This was the only group in which cell-mediated immunity developed. When allografts were treated with 50 rads, prolonged survival of the recipients to a mean of 28 days was noted. It is postulated that in this group a balance was struck between the allograft rejection reaction and GVH disease, with prolongation of allograft survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Bile aspiration: an experimental study in rabbits.

It has been shown that bile injected intratracheally in rabbits produces severe pulmonary edema, atelectasis, and focal hemorrhages. The authors investigated the effect of a number of solutions, including physiological concentration of bile, hydrochloric acid pH 1.0, bile salt diluted to 1%, and bile at 100% concentrations. Whenever the bile concentration exceeded 3%, none of the test animals survived. It is not possible to apply directly the results of an experimental animal study to humans. However, the severity of the pulmonary changes produced force the conclusion that bile is a potentially dangerous aspirate in humans.

Animals↗