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Biomedical subjects

J B Garner

Publications and source records attributed to J B Garner.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection in a small Nova Scotian community.

A survey of Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence was conducted during 1976 and 1977 in a rural community of Nova Scotia. Of 431 individuals tested, 121 (28.1%) were infected. All those infected were under 20 years of age. There was no difference in the rate of infection between households with pigsties and those without. A significantly higher prevalence rate was found in homes where feces were disposed of in the yard and water was obtained from a dug well. In a concurrent random survey taken in the Halifax metropolitan area, none of the 276 individuals tested was infected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus in Nova Scotia children.

Blood samples from 304 children aged 6 months to 16 years were tested by radioimmunoassay for antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV). Of several factors examined for a possible association with the prevalence of anti-HAV--age, sex, race, geographic location and presence of malignant disease--only age showed a positive correlation with the prevalence of these antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Physical training in diabetic rats: effect on glucose tolerance and serum lipids.

The effect of 10 wk of treadmill training on glucose tolerance, serum lipids, tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities, and triglyceride secretion rates (TGSR) were studied in normal and diabetic rats. Training had little effect on the glucose tolerance of the normal rats but ameliorated the deterioration of glucose intolerance seen in the sedentary diabetic rats. Trained diabetic and normal rats had lower serum triglycerides than their sedentary counterparts [diabetic 34 +/- 5 vs. 61 +/- 4 (means +/- SE); normal 34 +/- 3 vs. 50 +/- 3 mg/dl]. This hypotriglyceridemic effect was associated with a reduction in the TGSR in the trained rats (diabetics 0.34 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.51 +/- 0.02; normal 0.48 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.53 +/- 0.04 mg/min). There were no differences in the tissue LPL activities (soleus, gastrocnemius, epididymal fat, and heart) between the trained and sedentary rats in both groups. Training also did not affect the serum cholesterol and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in both groups of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Stability of plasma low density lipoprotein with abnormal glycolipid composition from patients with Fabry's disease.

Fabry's disease is a glycosphingolipid storage disease associated with premature generalized arteriosclerosis. Plasma low density lipoprotein (d 1.019--1.055 g/ml; LDL) was isolated from 4 healthy male volunteers (LDL-N) and from 4 patients with Fabry's disease (LDL-F), in whom plasma globotriaosylceramide (GbOse3) levels were 2--4 times above normal. LDL-N was labeled with 131I and LDL-F with 125I by the iodine monochloride method; both were then injected together intravenously into 4 mongreal dogs. The rates at which they were metabolized were determined by measuring plasma radioiodine levels daily for 7--8 days. No significant difference (Fisher's F-test) was observed between LDL-N and LDL-F in terms of the size of the intravascular compartments (LDL-N, 86.3 +/- 4.2%;; LDL-F, 94.2 +/- 7.7%), biological half-lives (LDL-N, 24.1 +/- 4.2 h; LDL-F, 23.5 +/- 3.7 h), or fractional catabolic rates (LDL-N, 0.849 +/- 0.066; LDL-F, 0.796 +/- 0.070). The results indicate that significant abnormalities of the neutral glycosphingolipid composition of LDL, such as occur in Fabry's disease, do not affect the metabolism of the lipoprotein apoprotein in dogs. The arteriosclerosis in patients with the disease is probably due to damage to vessel walls occurring as a result of defective GbOse3 metabolism and accumulation of glycosphingolipid in the tissue, rather than to abnormal LDL metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections of the cervix in four clinic populations.

The rates of isolation of cervical cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) were compared for populations of four different clinics attended by a total of 1,755 women. The prevalence of CMV infection could be predicted by the prevalence of HSV infection, with CMV being 2.5 times as prevalent as HSV in each population. The overall infection rates for CMV and HSV were 4.1% and 1.7%, respectively. The 252 women attending the Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic had significantly higher rates of CMV and HSV infection (12.5% and 5.6%, respectively) than populations attending the other clinics. A strong relationship between marital status and CMV infection was observed. The estimated relative risk for single compared to married women was 2.9. These data verify the importance of the sexual route of transmission in the epidemiology of cervical infection with CMV.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flexibility and musculoskeletal symptomatology in female gymnasts and age-matched controls.

Sixty competitive female gymnasts and 35 age-matched nonathletic controls were interviewed for musculoskeletal symptoms and examined for flexibility. A significantly greater number of gymnasts (P less than 0.01) had musculoskeletal symptoms in the wrist, low back, hip, shin, and foot regions than did the controls. The average number of symptomatic regions per subject was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in gymnasts (6.17) than in controls (2.25). Gymnasts had greater shoulder flexion and horizontal abduction, lumber flexion, hip extension, and toe-touching abilities (P less than 0.001). Controls surpassed gymnasts only in the extent of elbow supination (P less than 0.001). There were no significant differences in lumbar, knee or elbow extension. No statistically significant correlations in flexibility between different body regions were identifiable in gymnasts or controls. The gymnasts with low back discomfort and greater toe-touching ability than those without symptoms. No other consistent and significant relationships between symptomatology and flexibility in a region were found.

Adolescent↗