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J B Hepworth

Publications and source records attributed to J B Hepworth.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

Evaluating methodologies for assessing the value of information: sifting the evidence.

The article evaluates methodologies for studying the clinical benefits of information provision and use, particularly the impact on clinical decision making (and hence on patient care). The problems of replication of research are discussed, and the ways in which the Value Project consolidated and extended previous studies are considered. Comparisons among studies demonstrate that some of the impact findings are qualitatively and quantitatively similar, but there are also some contradictory findings. Methodological variations and differences in health care cultures account for some of the differences. Implications for the reliability and validity of these methods for assessing the value of information to clinicians are considered.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

Comparing and using assessments of the value of information to clinical decision-making.

This paper discusses the Value project, which assessed the value to clinical decision-making of information supplied by National Health Service (NHS) library and information services. The project not only showed how health libraries in the United Kingdom help clinicians in decision-making but also provided quality assurance guidelines for these libraries to help make their information services more effective. The paper reviews methods and results used in previous studies of the value of health libraries, noting that methodological differences appear to affect the results. The paper also discusses aspects of user involvement, categories of clinical decision-making, the value of information to present and future clinical decisions, and the combination of quantitative and qualitative assessments of value, as applied to the Value project and the studies reviewed. The Value project also demonstrated that the value placed on information depends in part on the career stage of the physician. The paper outlines the structure of the quality assurance tool kit, which is based on the findings and methods used in the Value project.

Cost Savings↗

Information use, information perceptions and information flows in primary care medical practice.

A research project funded by the Welsh Office and undertaken by the Department of Information and Library Studies, University of Wales, Aberystwyth examined the information systems in place in a sample of general medical practices in Wales. Shortcomings were identified in patient records, the supply of medical information for patients, staff training and staff communications. Practices lacked coherent information management strategies to relate information to practice goals and to define responsibility and protocols for information tasks. Unless rectified, these deficiencies will inhibit the viability of primary care data as a basis for medical research, audit and for identifying the health needs of communities.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

Staffing intelligence services: a survivor's guide.

Work at the Department of Health on the information needs of District Health Authorities as purchasers demonstrates the need for co-ordinated information services that handle both numeric and text data--termed intelligence. The DHA Project has built information implications into its health needs assessment protocol and has shown, through pilots, the steps involved in developing co-ordinated provision. These developments contrast sharply with the long-established NHS dichotomy between the roles of librarians--often narrowly perceived, and those of information officers--equally narrowly defined but with a greater command of resources. Consideration of how intelligence services are to be staffed raises issues which involve appreciating wider changes in information education. Most current courses no longer perpetuate the skills divide between those who will be at ease handling text information (librarians) and those who are able to create and use database management systems holding numeric data (information officers). Skills needed for the intelligence function cross the boundary. Some librarians are already able to encompass the required range of skills, but without retraining many will face unequal competition with the new generations of graduates from information management and information science courses. Local training opportunities are essential, but there is also a growing number of higher degree courses which can be used for career enhancement and some of them are available on a distance learning basis. The NHS Training Directorate has begun the process of assisting courses it deems relevant to NHS information management training, but the Department of Health should specify the staff competencies required as part of quality assurance standards for intelligence services.

Education, Graduate↗

Adopting an information management approach to the design and implementation of information systems.

As the NHS adopts an information management approach to coordinated handling of total information resources, methods of systems analysis and design require assessment to ensure that they are appropriate. Mandatory use of Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) may be encouraging a damagingly narrow view of information systems. Research is described in which an holistic view of information systems is applied, allowing the needs of information users to play a stronger role in determining how information will be supplied to them. The techniques may also assist the training activities associated with implementing new systems.

Health Promotion↗