A successful cardiac transplantation program using combined university and community resources.
From August 1984 to August 1986, 75 patients with end-stage heart disease and cardiac failure were evaluated. Twenty-five patients received orthotopic cardiac transplants from donors as far away as 1300 miles with an ischemic time of less than 4 hours. Seventeen of 25 patients are alive 3-24 months after transplantation. Evidence of rejection was seen in each patient. Twelve patients had mild, easily controlled rejection; 13 patients had severe rejection averaging 3.1 episodes per patient. The initial immunosuppressive regimen included cyclosporine and prednisone. To decrease complications related to high dose steroids, azathioprine has recently been added to our maintenance regimen to lessen steroid requirements. Acute rejection episodes were treated with 500-1000 mg of methylprednisolone for 3 days; antithymocyte globulin or the murine monoclonal antibody, OKT3, was added for severe or resistant rejection episodes. Three patients died of rejection, and two patients died of infection. Seventeen of 18 survivors are New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class I; 15 patients have returned to employment or full activity. Because of new developments in support of transplant candidates and treatment of complications, as well as the introduction of cyclosporine, orthotopic cardiac transplantation has become an effective treatment for end-stage heart disease.