Countercurrent exchange in vessels of renal medulla.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J B LONGLEY.
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Electron micrographs of the rete mirabile in the medulla of the rat have revealed that the endothelium of the afferent and efferent vessels are markedly different in fine structure. The venous capillaries returning blood from the papilla are lined with a fenestrated endothelium much like that in the peritubular capillaries of the kidney. The arterial capillaries delivering blood to the papilla have an unperforated lining of overlapping endothelial cells with extremely irregular tapered margins. It is pointed out that the organization of particularly the latter vessels suggests that the functional capabilities of these retia go beyond those of a simple diffusion countercurrent exchanger.
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1. Following heat denaturation after an hour at boiling temperature bovine testicular hyaluronidase has been shown to undergo spontaneous reactivation. 2. This reactivation is a function of the temperature at which the enzyme solution is maintained. 3. Secondary inactivation was observed to follow a reactivation of the enzyme at all concentrations observed. 4. There is a relationship between hydrolysis by the enzyme and the purity of the substrate. The demonstration of activity of the freshly boiled enzyme by the turbidimetric reduction technique is dependent upon the purity of the substrate. 5. These reactions have been demonstrated using preparations of bovine and avian hyaluronic acid and porcine chondroitin sulfate.
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