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Biomedical subjects

J B Pryor

Publications and source records attributed to J B Pryor.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Activity and similarity on safe sex workshops led by peer educators.

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted disease is a growing problem for college students. To address this problem, health professionals on many campuses have turned to peer led prevention workshops. The research evaluated the effectiveness of four types of such workshops. METHODS: The workshops followed either an information based format or an activity based format. In addition, the peer leaders were portrayed as similar to their audience or as dissimilar. RESULTS: Results indicate that the Activity Workshop was more effective than the Information Workshop at encouraging condom use in the month following the workshop. Also, the similarity of the peer leaders influenced behavioral intentions to use a condom with new sex partners. CONCLUSIONS: The discussion focuses on self-persuasion and changes in social norms as possible theoretical mechanisms underlying these effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Attractiveness of the underling: an automatic power --> sex association and its consequences for sexual harassment and aggression.

One characteristic of men who sexually harass is that they are not aware that their actions are inappropriate or a misuse of their power (L. F. Fitzgerald, 1993a). We investigated the existence and automaticity of a mental association between the concepts of power and sex, and its consequences for sexual harassment tendencies. Using a subliminal priming paradigm, Experiment 1 demonstrated an automatic link between power and sex, and only for men high in the likelihood to sexually harass or aggress. In Experiment 2, male participants were unobtrusively primed with either power-related or neutral stimuli. For men likely to sexually aggress, but not other participants, attraction ratings of a female confederate were significantly higher in the power priming than the neutral priming condition.

Aggression↗
PubMed1986

Effects of performance expectancy and self-focused attention on social interaction.

We investigated the impact of performance expectancies and self-focused attention on social performance in a mixed-sex dyad. A group of 48 undergraduate men with self-reported moderate social anxiety were divided into two groups on the basis of their high or low performance expectancies. Subjects were asked to respond to several self-report questionnaires before and after making a 4-5-min phone call to a female confederate for the purpose of getting acquainted. Half of the subjects in each expectancy group performed in the presence of a self-focusing stimulus (video camera). When anxiety level was controlled for, focus of attention alone had a very limited effect on performance. Expectancy had a significant influence on social performance, but only if subjects were self-focused. Thus confident subjects were rated by judges as more socially skilled than were doubtful subjects, but only when the camera was present. The interaction between these variables parallels previous research and supports the self-regulation model of Carver and Scheier.

Attention↗