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Biomedical subjects

J B Roy

Publications and source records attributed to J B Roy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Contractile activity of vasotocin, oxytocin, and vasopressin on mammalian prostate.

The neurohypophyseal peptides arginine vasotocin, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin contracted guinea pig, rat, canine and human prostates with potencies and efficacies that were comparable to those of noradrenaline and methacholine. All three neuropeptides raised prostatic tone and elicited contractions at 10(-9) or 10(-8) M, with an order of efficacy: arginine vasotocin greater than oxytocin greater than arginine vasopressin. The findings suggest a physiological role for these peptides in prostatic smooth muscle contraction and possibly also in other aspects of male reproductive function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A clinical trial of intracavernous vasoactive intestinal peptide to induce penile erection.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the intracavernous injection of vasoactive intestinal peptide was conducted and studied in 24 men with erectile dysfunction of diabetic, neurogenic and psychogenic etiology. The patients were randomized into 6 groups of 4 subjects each and received either placebo, or 200 or 400 pmol. vasoactive intestinal peptide at each of 3 consecutive weekly visits. An increase in penile length was associated significantly with treatment (F equals 5.10, p equals 0.01), dose-related, and independent of the time and sequence of treatment. An increase in penile diameter was associated significantly with treatment (F equals 8.14, p equals 0.001) and time (F equals 8.14, p equals 0.001), dose-related and independent of the sequence of treatment. Penile rigidity was associated significantly with time (F equals 5.44, p equals 0.008), associated nearly significantly with treatment (F equals 3.11, p equals 0.056) and independent of sequence of treatment. Despite some measurable treatment-related increase none of the patients achieved penile rigidity adequate for intromission.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cancer of the prostate--an overview.

The prostate, so named because of its anatomical position, is a small, chestnut-sized gland. Despite its small size, it is the source of one of the most prevalent internal malignancies in man. Recently the incidence of prostate cancer has surpassed even cancer of the lung. Nonetheless, little if anything is known about its pathogenesis or its natural history.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The identification of a heparin-binding protein on the surface of bovine sperm.

We report the identification of a sperm surface protein which binds tightly to heparin. The protein was isolated by affinity chromatography on heparin agarose, and its affinity for heparin was confirmed by electrophoresis in the presence of heparin under non-denaturing conditions. The protein consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 45,000, as determined by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. The protein may bind glycosaminoglycans in vivo and play a part in initiating the capacitation/acrosome reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Functional and structural characteristics of the glycosaminoglycans of the bladder luminal surface.

The glycosaminoglycan layer of bladder has been proposed to play a crucial role in protecting the bladder from harmful substances in urine. Rats were partially cystectomized to determine whether bladder glycosaminoglycans are routinely eluted from the bladder surface in detectable quantities. Cystectomy produced no detectable qualitative or quantitative changes in excreted GAG thereby showing that most urinary glycosaminoglycan originates in the kidney and not from the bladder. Damaging the glycosaminoglycan layer by a dilute acid wash, however, leads to a consistent decrease in the output of urinary GAG which recovers to normal at the same rate as the layer regenerates. This suggests that the newly exposed sites tightly bind urinary GAG. We suggest that such binding may be a component of the normal physiological defense mechanism of the bladder. The bladder glycosaminoglycan layer was isolated, dilute acid being used to elute ionically-bound material and brief trypsinization to elute intercalated proteoglycans from the luminal surface. The GAG from the luminal surface, which was present at a density of one chain per 50 nm.2 of bladder surface, was quite different in composition from that isolated from the whole bladder.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Adenocarcinoma of rete testis.

Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis is a rare tumor of the genital tract. An advanced case of adenocarcinoma thought to arise from the rete testis is presented. We believe this is the eighteenth reported case.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1976

Extraosseous myelomatosis. Clinical presentation with symptoms in lower urinary tract.

We believe this to be the first case reported of extraosseous myelomatosis seen clincally with lower urinary tract symptoms. Extraskeletal spread of myelomatosis which reportedly occurs in two thirds of cases is discovered postmortem. Immunoglobulin A prevails in this type of myelomatosis. Clinical course and autopsy findings are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Polycystic horseshoe kidney.

Polycystic horseshoe kidney is a rare occurrence. Only 8 cases have been previously reported; we add another case to the literature.

Humans↗