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Biomedical subjects

J B Seo

Publications and source records attributed to J B Seo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Myocardial enhancement pattern in patients with acute myocardial infarction on two-phase contrast-enhanced ECG-gated multidetector-row computed tomography.

AIM: To evaluate the myocardial enhancement pattern of the left ventricle on two-phase contrast-enhanced electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Two-phase contrast-enhanced ECG-gated MDCT examinations were performed in 16 patients with AMI. The presence, location and pattern of myocardial enhancement were evaluated. MDCT findings were compared with the catheter angiographic results. RESULTS: Subendocardial (n = 9) or transmural (n = 6) area of early perfusion defects of the myocardium was detected in 15 of 16 patients (94%) on early-phase CT images. Variable delayed myocardial enhancement patterns on late-phase CT images were observed in 12 patients (75%): (1) subendocardial residual perfusion defect and subepicardial late enhancement (n = 6); (2) transmural late enhancement (n = 1); (3) isolated subendocardial late enhancement (n=1); and (4) isolated subendocardial residual perfusion defect (n = 2). On catheter angiography, 14 of 15 corresponding coronary arteries showed significant stenosis. CONCLUSION: Variable abnormal myocardial enhancement pattern was seen on two-phase, contrast-enhanced ECG-gated MDCT in patients with AMI. Assessment of myocardial attenuation on CT angiography gives additional information of the location and extent of infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of contrast-enhanced ct angiography and gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography in the detection of subsegmental-sized pulmonary embolism. An experimental study in a pig model.

PURPOSE: To compare contrast-enhanced CT angiography (CTA) and gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) for the detection of subsegmental-sized pulmonary emboli in a pig model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 5 anesthetized pigs, 3-mm diameter embolic materials made of Konjac, a semisolid food, were introduced through the internal jugular vein into pulmonary arteries. After embolization, CTA and MRA images were obtained. Respiration was suspended during CTA and MRA image acquisition. Two readers reviewed the CTA and MRA images to detect emboli. The pigs were sacrificed, and sliced specimens of inflated lung served as the gold standard. RESULTS: Thirty-six emboli were detected within peripheral arteries. The sensitivity (and 95% confidence intervals) of CTA for the two readers were 57% (39-74%) and 66% (48-81%), and 88% (69-98%) and 92% (74-94%) for MRA. The specificity of CTA was 95% (91-97%) and 98% (96-99%), and that of MRA was 85% (74-93%) and 90% (80-96%). Interobserver agreement was higher for MRA (kappa 0.898) than CTA (kappa 0.574). CONCLUSION: For the detection of subsegmental pulmonary emboli, MRA was superior to CTA, with a higher sensitivity and interobserver agreement by demonstrating perfusion deficits.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Spinal deformities in Noonan syndrome: a clinical review of sixty cases.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal abnormalities, including spinal deformities, in Noonan syndrome have been described, but no detailed and systematic study of such spinal deformities has been presented in the literature. METHODS: The cases of sixty patients with Noonan syndrome were reviewed retrospectively, and the general appearance, growth disturbance, and mental status of the patients were documented. Spinal deformities were evaluated radiographically, and the frequency, pattern, and severity of the curves were documented. RESULTS: Spinal deformity was present in eighteen (30%) of the sixty patients. Two patients had congenital spinal deformity. Of the remaining sixteen patients with scoliosis, nine had a single thoracic curve, four had a single thoracolumbar curve, and three had a double major curve. Thoracic lordosis was also present in three of these sixteen patients. No patient had only increased kyphosis or lordosis. The mean age when the spinal deformities were detected was nine years; seven deformities were detected before the age of seven years. Overall, surgery was recommended to eleven of the eighteen patients; it was recommended for the treatment of scoliosis (mean, 68.5 degrees; range, 45 degrees to 125 degrees ) in eight patients and for the treatment of an associated thoracic lordosis (8 degrees, 15 degrees, and 18 degrees ) in three. Seven of the eleven patients underwent spinal arthrodesis. The operation was deferred in one patient because malignant hyperthermia developed during the induction of anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Scoliosis with an associated thoracic lordosis occurs more frequently in Noonan syndrome than has been reported previously. Since the deformities tend to develop early and are relatively severe, a clinical and, if necessary, radiographic assessment of the spine with careful follow-up should be performed for early detection and treatment of spinal deformity. Although malignant hyperthermia is rare, all patients with Noonan syndrome should be considered to be at risk for the development of this complication before operative treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Renal and pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a case report.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease that most commonly involves the lung. However, extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis rarely occurs with or without subsequent involvement of the lung. We report a case of incidentally found renal and pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a patient who had no stigmata of tuberous sclerosis.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary tuberculoma evaluated by means of FDG PET: findings in 10 cases.

PURPOSE: To describe findings of pulmonary tuberculoma at 2-[fluorine 18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten consecutive patients who underwent PET and subsequently were proved to have pulmonary tuberculoma were analyzed. Tuberculosis was proved histopathologically in eight by means of wedge resection or lobectomy (n = 7) or needle biopsy (n = 1) and in two by means of clinical follow-up for more than 2 years. PET scans were evaluated by using peak standardized uptake values. Computed tomographic (CT) and histopathologic findings also were reviewed. RESULTS: Nine of 10 tuberculomas showed FDG uptake at PET, and the mean peak standardized uptake value was 4.2 +/- 2.2 (SD). FDG uptake (range, 1. 9-3.7) in lesions adjacent to main abnormalities was demonstrated in four patients. On CT scans, the mean of the longest nodule diameters was 21 mm +/- 8, and there were some areas of branching linear opacities or satellite nodules that suggested pulmonary tuberculosis in seven patients. Histopathologic findings were chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis (n = 7) and healed tuberculosis with aspergilloma (n = 1). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary tuberculoma commonly causes an increase in FDG uptake. These results suggest that in geographic regions with a high prevalence of granulomatous lesions, positive FDG PET results should be interpreted with caution in differentiating benign from malignant pulmonary abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary vasculitis: the spectrum of radiological findings.

Pulmonary vasculitis includes various disease entities with a wide range of clinical presentations and overlapping imaging features. Radiological findings of vasculitis in the angiitis-granulomatosis group are nodular and patchy opacities, whereas the principal feature of those diseases causing widespread capillaritis is diffuse air space consolidation. Aneurysms or stenoses of pulmonary arteries are seen in patients with Takayasu arteritis or Behçet's disease.

Arteritis↗
PubMed2000

Digital chest radiography with a selenium-based flat-panel detector versus a storage phosphor system: comparison of soft-copy images.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the soft-copy images produced by a digital chest radiography system that uses a flat-panel X-ray detector based on amorphous selenium with images produced by a storage phosphor radiography system for the visualization of anatomic regions of the chest. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two chest radiologists and two residents analyzed 46 pairs of posteroanterior chest radiographs on high-resolution video monitors (2560 x 2048 x 8 bits). In each pair, one radiograph was obtained with a storage phosphor radiography system, and the other radiograph was obtained with a selenium-based flat-panel detector radiography system. Each pair of radiographs was obtained at the same exposure settings. The interpreter rated the visibility and radiographic quality of 11 different anatomic regions. Each pair of images was ranked on a five-point scale (1 = prefer image A, 3 = no preference, 5 = prefer image B) for preference of technique. Statistical significance of preference was determined using the Wilcoxon's signed rank test. RESULTS: The interpreters had a statistically significant preference for the selenium-based radiography system in six (unobscured lung, hilum, rib, minor fissure, heart border, and overall appearance) of 11 anatomic regions (p<0.001) and for the storage phosphor system in two regions (proximal airway and thoracic spine) (p<0.05). Chest radiologists strongly preferred selenium-based images in eight regions, and they did not prefer storage phosphor images in any region. CONCLUSION: The soft-copy images produced by the selenium-based radiography system were perceived as equal or superior to those produced by the storage phosphor system in most but not all anatomic regions.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings.

The aim of this study was to assess high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of exogenous lipoid pneumonia. High-resolution computed tomography was obtained in 25 patients with proven exogenous lipoid pneumonia resulting from aspiration of squalene (derived from shark liver oil). Diagnosis was based on biopsy (n = 9), bronchoalveolar lavage (n = 8), or sputum cytology and clinical findings (n = 8). The clinical history of taking squalene was confirmed in all patients. The CT findings were classified into three patterns: diffuse ground-glass opacity, consolidation, and interstitial abnormalities. Distribution of the abnormalities, duration of taking squalene, predisposing factors for aspiration, and route of administration were analyzed. Ten patients showed diffuse ground-glass opacity pattern. Seven of 10 patients had predisposing conditions such as unconsciousness, pharyngeal dysmotility, or motor disturbances, and 6 patients had a recent history of taking large amount of squalene through nasal route. Seven patients who had consolidation pattern had a history of taking squalene for several months and did not have any predisposing factor. All of the 5 patients who had a pattern of interstitial abnormalities had a history of taking squalene longer than 1 year and showed segmental distribution of interstitial thickening with interposing ground-glass opacities. Three patients simultaneously had two different patterns at different lobes of the lung. The HRCT findings of lipoid pneumonia are ground-glass opacities, consolidation, and interstitial abnormalities. These HRCT findings with appropriate inquiries could be useful for diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Shark liver oil-induced lipoid pneumonia in pigs: correlation of thin-section CT and histopathologic findings.

PURPOSE: To evaluate sequential changes in thin-section computed tomographic (CT) findings after inducement of lipoid pneumonia and provide the histopathologic bases of these findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Shark liver oil was administered to 12 sites in seven pigs. Thin-section CT scans were obtained within 1 hour and at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, and 16 weeks after oil administration. Scans were assessed for opacity, distribution, location at the lobular level, extent, and volume of the lesions. The CT number in consolidation areas also was measured. Findings at CT were correlated with those in the histopathologic specimens. RESULTS: Diffuse ground-glass opacity was noted on all immediately obtained scans. The opacity of the lesions was highest at 1 week; then it decreased gradually to an area of ground-glass opacity. The extent and volume of the lesions decreased at follow-up CT. Histopathologically, the lesions showed a lobular distribution sharply demarcated from the normal lungs. The lobules of decreased volume showed residual thickening of the alveolar walls with bronchiolectasis and mild collagen deposition of the interlobular septa. Pathologic examination of the low-attenuating consolidation area at CT revealed evidence of partial aeration. CONCLUSION: Thin-section CT findings of lipoid pneumonia include ground-glass opacity and airspace consolidation, followed by complete or incomplete resolution with volume loss and septal thickening. Low-attenuating consolidation at CT does not always indicate the presence of fat.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree: radiographic and CT findings in 12 patients.

PURPOSE: To determine the radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings and clinical features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographic and CT findings and clinical features of 12 histopathologically proved mucoepidermoid carcinomas in 12 consecutive patients (five male, seven female; age range, 9-72 years; mean age, 36 years) were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The tumors were located at the distal trachea (n = 1) or at a main (n = 2), lobar (n = 1), or segmental (n = 8) bronchus. On chest radiographs, the tumors appeared as central masses with post-obstructive pneumonia or peripheral atelectasis in four patients and as solitary pulmonary or endotracheobronchial nodules in eight. At CT, the tumors were all smoothly oval (n = 6) or lobulated (n = 6) in shape (ranging 9-40 mm in diameter), adapting to the branching features of the airways. Punctate calcification within the tumor was seen in six patients. Neither metastasis nor recurrence was seen after the surgical resection (follow-up of 8-103 months; mean, 30 months). CONCLUSION: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree, usually located in a segmental bronchus, appears at CT as a smoothly oval or lobulated airway mass. It adapts to the branching features of the airways.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Right paratracheal air cysts in the thoracic inlet: clinical and radiologic significance.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine the CT appearance and clinical significance of a right paratracheal air cyst at the level of the thoracic inlet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-five consecutive patients with paratracheal air cysts were included in this study. The location, level, size, and shape of the paratracheal air cysts on CT were analyzed. The spirometric data, tracheal indexes, and CT-determined emphysema scores of these patients were compared with those of 60 consecutive patients in a control group. RESULTS: The air cysts were located at the right posterolateral aspect of the trachea in 64 (98%) of 65 patients and at T1-T2 vertebral levels in 57 (88%) of 65 patients. The mean diameter of the right paratracheal cysts was 10 mm in the axial plane and 14 mm in the vertical plane. CT showed a communicating channel with the trachea in five patients. The ratio of forced expiratory volume obtained in 1 sec to forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity in patients with paratracheal air cysts, were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < .05). Differences in the tracheal indexes and CT-determined emphysema scores between the study group and the control group were found to be statistically significant (p = .001). CONCLUSION: The most probable nature of a right paratracheal cyst in the thoracic inlet is tracheal diverticulum with a narrow stalk. The presence of a right paratracheal air cyst on CT could be a sign of obstructive lung disease clinically and of the presence of emphysema radiologically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Experimentally induced pulmonary arterial occlusion with detachable balloon in pigs: thin-section CT findings.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated changes of lung attenuation in pigs, with special attention to the mosaic pattern of low attenuation, at thin-section computed tomography (CT) after obstruction of the proximal pulmonary artery with a detachable balloon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In seven pigs, nine sites of the descending pulmonary artery were obstructed with detachable balloons. This-section CT scans of the lungs were obtained immediately (n = 9) and at 1 week (n = 5), 2 weeks (n = 1), 3 weeks (n = 2), 4 weeks (n = 1), 6 weeks (n = 1), 8 weeks (n = 1), and 12 weeks (n = 1) after pulmonary artery obstruction. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between the measured lung attenuation of the normal lung and that of the lung distal to the obstruction. Of the nine sites of pulmonary artery obstruction, five (56%) showed an irregular area of increased lung attenuation without lobular architecture. The diameter of the pulmonary artery after obstruction, compared with the diameter before obstruction, decreased by a range of 13%-57% (mean, 35%) and by 0-67% (mean, 44%) at levels 1 cm and 2 cm distal to the obstruction, respectively. CONCLUSION: This experimental study reveals that regional low-attenuation areas do not develop for up to 12 weeks after the obstruction of proximal pulmonary artery, despite a marked decrease in the diameter of the pulmonary artery distal to the obstruction.

Angiography↗
PubMed1998

Intratumoral vascularity of experimentally induced VX2 carcinoma: comparison of color Doppler sonography, power Doppler sonography, and microangiography.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Tumor vascularity is useful for characterizing tumors and determining tumor management. The recent development of power Doppler sonography has enhanced the sensitivity of color Doppler imaging in the detection of blood flow because of low power noise and less angle dependence. The purpose of this study was to compare the capability of color and power Doppler sonography with that of microangiography for showing tumor vascularity of VX2 carcinoma. METHODS: Color and power Doppler sonography was performed on VX2 carcinomas in the rabbit thighs, and their findings were correlated with those of microangiography. For qualitative analysis, tumor vascularity was categorized into four items including distribution of tumor vessels, crowdedness of vessels, small vessels, (> or = 0.1 mm), and micro-vessels (< 0.1 mm). Tumor blood flow signals of color Doppler sonography and power Doppler sonography were graded as 3, 2, 1, and 0 and were compared with tumor vascularity on microangiography. For quantitative analysis, percentages of tumor vascular area per tumor area on each study were compared. RESULTS: The mean scores of tumor vascularity on power Doppler sonography were 2.87, 2.73, 2.93, and 2.73 in tumor vascular distribution, crowdedness of vessels, small vessels, and micro-vessels, respectively. Those on color Doppler sonography were 2.4, 2.2, 2.8, and 1.67, respectively. Power Doppler sonography was statistically superior to color Doppler sonography in displaying tumor vascular distribution (P < 0.05) and micro-vessels (P < 0.01). The means and medians of percentages of tumor vascular area per tumor area were 22.7% and 23.5% on microangiography, 17.9% and 21.4% on color Doppler sonography, and 36.4% and 34.7 % on power Doppler sonography, respectively. Percentages of tumor vascular area per tumor area on both color Doppler sonography (r = 0.70) and power Doppler sonography (r = 0.84) were well correlated with those on microangiography. CONCLUSIONS: Power Doppler sonography can demonstrate the tumor vascularity on microangiography relatively well, however, it tends to overestimate the blood flow signals. Color Doppler sonography may have some limitations in imaging tumor vascular distribution and micro-vessels and tends to underestimate tumor vascularity, but can display the blood flow direction. Therefore, power Doppler and color Doppler sonography could complement each other in demonstrating the tumor vascularity.

Angiography↗
PubMed1998

Benign obstruction of the hepatic inferior vena cava complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma: combined interventional management.

OBJECTIVE: The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma is increased with benign obstruction of the hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC). The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of combined interventional treatment for benign obstruction of the hepatic IVC associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective review of 51 patients with benign obstruction of the hepatic IVC, hepatocellular carcinoma was detected in 15 patients coincidentally or during the follow-up period. Obstruction of the IVC was treated with percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty in five patients and metallic stent placement in two patients. Immediate postprocedural and follow-up venacavography was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of this interventional management. Hepatocellular carcinomas were managed with transcatheter chemoembolization in all 15 patients using an emulsion of 3-12 ml of an iodized oil and 20-50 mg of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Gelfoam embolization was performed in three patients. Transcatheter chemoembolizations were repeated in seven patients. Initial response and long-term response to treatment were evaluated by monitoring the level of serum alpha-fetoprotein and by follow-up CT and angiography. RESULTS: During the follow-up period (1-8 years), the IVC was widely open except in one patient who developed moderate stenosis. Clinical symptoms of vena caval obstruction disappeared in all patients. After initial transcatheter chemoembolization, complete remission of the tumor occurred in six patients and partial remission occurred in seven patients. Five of the seven patients who underwent further chemoembolizations remained unchanged or in remission. CONCLUSION: Radiologic interventional treatment plays a significant role in managing both kinds of lesions in patients with benign obstruction of the hepatic IVC complicated by, hepatocellular carcinoma. A follow-up regimen should be designed to detect small hepatocellular carcinoma as early as possible after obstruction of the hepatic IVC is diagnosed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Detection of hypervascular nodular hepatocellular carcinomas: value of triphasic helical CT compared with iodized-oil CT.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the capability of arterial, portal venous, and delayed phases of helical CT with that of iodized-oil CT for revealing nodular hepatocellular carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients with nodular hepatocellular carcinomas underwent triphasic helical CT examination with 10-mm collimation at 10-mm/sec table speed. We injected 120 ml of contrast material (36 g of iodine) at the rate of 3 ml/sec. Arterial-phase, portal venous-phase, and delayed-phase images were obtained with 30-sec, 65-sec, and 360-sec delays, respectively. All 48 patients also underwent angiography and intraarterial infusion of iodized oil after helical CT; iodized-oil CT was performed about 2 weeks after infusion of iodized oil. Helical CT images were compared with iodized-oil CT images for revealing hepatic nodules. RESULTS: In 48 patients, 79 hepatocellular carcinomas were seen with iodized-oil CT. Using helical CT, the arterial phase revealed 68 lesions (86%), the portal venous phase revealed 53 lesions (67%), and the delayed phase revealed 57 lesions (72%). The arterial phase proved superior to the portal venous and delayed phases for revealing lesions (p = .0025). The portal venous phase showed no significant difference for revealing lesions compared with the delayed phase. When combined, helical CT of the arterial and portal venous phases revealed 73 lesions (92%); a combination of the arterial and delayed phases revealed 72 lesions (91%); and a combination of the portal venous and delayed phases revealed 63 lesions (80%). Any combination of two phases that included the arterial phase proved superior to the combination of the portal venous and delayed phases (p = .0033). Overall, the combination of the arterial and portal venous phases (92%) or the combination of all three phases (92%) proved best at revealing lesions. CONCLUSION: The arterial phase of helical CT is better for revealing nodular hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma than are the portal venous and delayed phases. The combination of the arterial and portal venous phases is superior to the arterial phase alone. Also, the combination of the arterial and portal venous phases is equal to the combination of the three phases for revealing hypervascular hepatocellular carcinomas.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1996

Neofissure after lobectomy of the right lung: radiographic and CT findings.

PURPOSE: To document the postlobectomy radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) appearance of neofissures of the right lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs and CT scans from 25 patients who had undergone right lobectomy were assessed by two chest radiologists, and decisions on the findings were reached by consensus. Analyses included orientation of the neofissure and lobar reorientation of the remaining lobes. RESULTS: Neofissure location after right upper lobectomy (n = 13) was superior and anterior compared with the location of the left major fissure on both lateral radiographs and CT scans. After right middle lobectomy (n = 4), the neofissure had less vertical orientation than the left major fissure (the highest posterior portion was lower and the lowest anterior portion was higher than the left major fissure) on both lateral radiographs and CT scans. After right lower lobectomy (n = 8), two types of lobar reorientation and, accordingly, two types of neofissure were observed in the right lower lung zone (posteriorly and anteriorly high, respectively, on lateral radiographs). CONCLUSION: Analyses of neofissures on lateral radiographs and CT scans enable differentiation among various kinds of lobectomy.

Adult↗