PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Berland

Publications and source records attributed to J Berland.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Coronary venous synchronized retroperfusion during percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of left anterior descending coronary artery.

Synchronized coronary venous retroperfusion was applied and studied in 16 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) balloon dilatation of proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery stenosis. The rationale for using retroperfusion support during the PTCA-induced coronary artery occlusions was to ameliorate or prevent myocardial ischemia and possibly facilitate extension of the PTCA balloon-inflation period. After therapeutic PTCA treatment, which successfully dilated the culprit coronary artery in all 16 patients, and a 5-minute recovery period, a single retroperfusion-treated LAD occlusion (101 +/- 36 seconds) was compared with equivalent untreated control LAD occlusions (86 +/- 24 seconds) before and after the retroperfusion-supported balloon occlusion. Observations and measurements encompassed 1) ease and time of coronary sinus catheterization, 2) incidence of anginal pain during LAD occlusion, 3) electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia, and 4) two-dimensional echocardiographic indexes of global left ventricular function. The coronary sinus was successfully catheterized within 139 +/- 140 seconds, and in 12 of the 16 patients, the tip of the special autoinflatable retroperfusion balloon catheter could be placed in the desired location of the great cardiac vein. The retroperfusion protocol interfered minimally with the PTCA procedure, and application of the support system had no deleterious effects. As compared with the pain reported 23 (72%) times during the 32 control LAD occlusions, only five (31%) of the patients indicated pain or discomfort during the retroperfused occlusions. Treated occlusions exhibited delayed or significantly lower electrocardiographic ST segment elevations (sum, 10.4 +/- 7.8 mm) as compared with the controls (sum, 16.2 +/- 7.9 mm and 18.8 +/- 10.6 mm; both p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Psychiatric diagnoses in self-help groups of the "Only Anxiety" society in Bergen].

45 members of self-help groups for persons with anxiety disorders were interviewed using Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-III-R. 21 interviews were video-recorded and rated by an independent rater. Panic disorder was the most common diagnosis, together with present or past serious depression. We discuss the relation between anxiety disorders and affective disorders. Interrater agreement was high for panic disorder, but not for the diagnoses generalized anxiety disorder and simple phobia. Questions are raised about the clinical validity of generalized anxiety disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in patients with severe aortic stenosis and low ejection fraction. Immediate results and 1-year follow-up.

The efficacy, morbidity, and 1-year follow-up of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with low ejection fraction (less than 40%) were studied on a consecutive series of 55 patients (mean age, 77 years) treated from September 1985 to February 1987. Because of their age (20 patients greater than 80 years old), poor left ventricular function, and associated diseases, 45 patients were definitely not surgical candidates. Balloon dilatation with 15-23-mm diameter balloon catheters decreased the transvalvular gradient from 66 +/- 24 to 28 +/- 14 mm Hg (p less than 0.001) and increased the valve area from 0.47 +/- 0.15 to 0.83 +/- 0.27 cm2 (p less than 0.001). Immediately after dilatation, ejection fraction mildly increased from 29 +/- 7% to 34 +/- 9% (p less than 0.001) in 38 patients who had undergone a second left ventricular angiogram after dilatation. No significant change in the degree of aortic regurgitation was found after the procedure. Three patients died in hospital (femoral arterial complications in two, septicemia in one). Immediate clinical improvement was noted in 80% of the patients. During the follow-up (mean, 11 months), 22 patients died (heart failure in 15 patients, sudden death in five patients, myocardial infarction in one patient, cancer in one patient). Thirty patients survived, 21 with persistent clinical improvement. Repeat cardiac catheterization was performed at 6 months in 20 patients, of whom eight had recurrence of symptoms. Nine patients had restenosis: their hemodynamic indexes had returned to prevalvuloplasty values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty using balloon catheterization. Immediate results in 80 cases].

In our first 80 attempts of percutaneous double balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) 77 procedures have been successful. The mean patients age was 44 +/- 17 years, there were 16 men; 12 patients had previously been operated, 29 patients had important valvular deterioration (calcifications, thickening or unpliability) or of subvalvar system. For technical failure BMV was performed with only one balloon in 8 patients. BMV resulted in significant improvement in haemodynamic values: the mean capillary pressure fell from 22 +/- 6 to 12 +/- 5 mmHg (p less than 0.001), the mean mitral gradient from 15 +/- 6 to 5 +/- 3 mmHg (p less than 0.001). Cardiac index remained unchanged. The hemodynamic valve area, by Gorlin formula, increased from 1.09 +/- 0.29 to 2.19 +/- 0.72 cm2 (p less than 0.001). Doppler and echocardiography data were similar to haemodynamic data. Mitral valve area obtained with BMV was equivalent to the area usually obtained in closed mitral commissurotomy. There were 3 tamponades. The first, in a patient to whom BMV was not successful. For the 2 others, surgically evacuated, intracavitary pressures were measured after surgical pericardial drain. BMV was of little efficacy in one patient who died 3 days thoracotomy. The three tamponades were caused by straight tip balloon left ventricle perforation. There was no tamponade with pigtail tip catheter balloon. Mitral valve regurgitation was never increased more than 1 + Interatrial septal defect with QP/QS greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than 2 was present in 5 patients. BMV may be a useful alternative to surgery with low incidence of complication. Mitral valve area increase is similar with both treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mitral and tricuspid valvuloplasty with balloon catheterization in the same procedure. A case report].

Percutaneous mitral and tricuspid balloon valvuloplasty was realized in the same procedure using a double lumen exchange catheter that could accommodate two guide wires and two balloons (19 mm and Trefoil 3 c 10 mm--Schneider) with simultaneous insufflation. Hemodynamically successful was accomplished as evidenced by a decrease in mean mitral gradient from 34 mmHg to 1 mmHg and a decrease in mean tricuspid gradient from 5 mmHg to 3 mmHg. These results were confirmed by serial Doppler echocardiographic studies and by correspondent reduction in symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Percutaneous valvuloplasty using a balloon catheter in acquired mitral and aortic stenosis in adults].

Since 1984 to 1985, catheter dilation of mitral stenosis and aortic stenosis has been added to the arsenal of interventional cardiology. In mitral valvuloplasty the left atrium is approached by transseptal catheterization. Dilation is normally performed by two balloon catheters of 20 mm diameter. One or two dilations of 20 sec duration are usually sufficient to open the mitral valve by cracking one or two fused commissures. In our series of 61 patients the mitral valve area had more than doubled (from 1.03 +/- 0.27 cm2 to 2.17 +/- 0.71 cm2). The most suitable subjects for the technique are young patients in sinus rhythm with relatively elastic valve leaflets, few calcifications, little distortion of the subvalvular apparatus and no major regurgitations. However, mitral valvuloplasty can also be tried in less favourable conditions where there are surgical contraindications, particularly in elderly patients. The complications of the technique are in fact rare. The functional improvement is spectacular and control studies over two years show no tendency to restenosis. --In aortic valvuloplasty a retrograde arterial approach is used. Balloon catheters of increasing size are consecutively employed, starting from 15-20 and even 23 mm diameter. Forceful dilation is needed not only to overcome leaflet fusion but also to compress the valvular structures against the aortic wall to render them more pliable and break the calcifications. --Since September 1985 over 400 patients have undergone valvuloplasty at Rouen with satisfactory overall results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Bundle branch reentry tachycardia: a possible mechanism of flecainide proarrhythmia effect].

A 42-year old man with non-obstructive myocardiopathy complicated by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated with amiodarone (200 mg per day) received flecainide in daily doses of 400 mg for undocumented palpitations. Ten syncopes and numerous malaises occurred during the following two months. Electrophysiological testing was performed, showing prolongation of HV to 80 ms and discreet widening of QRS to 100 ms. Programmed atrial stimulation failed to demonstrate a second degree subnodal block and to induce tachycardia. In contrast, ventricular stimulation elicited a critical SH delay (260 ms), always followed by a left delay-type complex preceded by His bundle deflection which suggested reentry within the His-Purkinje system. Three extrasystoles on imposed rhythm started sustained ventricular tachycardia with the same 270 ms cycle morphology and reproducing the symptoms. Each V wave was preceded by an H potential, with HV varying from 100 to 300 ms. Three weeks after flecainide was discontinued, HV was 60 ms, and no ventricular tachycardia could be triggered by programmed stimulation. The patient remained symptom-free throughout the 5-month follow-up. This case illustrates the proarrhythmic effect of the flecainide-amiodarone combination. The mechanism of provoked tachycardia probably involves ventricular reentry through the His bundle branches, induced by a critical depression of conduction below the His bundle.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1987

Percutaneous transluminal balloon valvuloplasty of adult aortic stenosis: report of 92 cases.

Percutaneous transluminal balloon valvuloplasty was attempted in 92 adult patients with severe calcific aortic stenosis. The mean age was 75 +/- 11 years (range 38 to 91) and 35 patients were more than 80 years old. Most of the patients were severely disabled; 66 were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, 27 had syncopal attacks and 21 had severe angina pectoris. Because of unacceptably high surgical risk or contraindication to thoracic surgery, 42 patients could not be considered for valve replacement. Other patients either were in a category of high operative risk or refused the surgical intervention. Valvuloplasty was performed by way of the femoral route (82 patients) or the brachial route (10 patients). Catheters of size 15, 18 and 20 mm were successively placed across the aortic valve and three inflations were usually done with each of them, lasting 80 seconds on average, until a decrease in peak to peak systolic pressure gradient to 40 mm Hg or less was attained, a result considered satisfactory. The inflated balloons were not totally occlusive in most cases and clinical tolerance of inflation was good. Valvuloplasty resulted in a reduction of mean systolic gradient from 75 +/- 26 to 30 +/- 13 mm Hg (p less than 0.001); the final gradient was less than 40 mm Hg in 78 patients. Mean calculated aortic valve area increased from 0.49 +/- 0.17 to 0.93 +/- 0.36 cm2 (p less than 0.001). Immediately after the procedure, ejection fraction increased from 48 +/- 16 to 51 +/- 16% (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Unusual electrocardiographic patterns of modulated parasystole.

Modulation of a parasystolic rhythm implies that the latter is affected by nonparasystolic beats in predictable ways. When modulation occurs the diagnosis of ventricular parasystole cannot be made by applying the well-known 'classical' criteria. This report deals with clinical tracings from three cases having modulated parasystole with unusual characteristics. Case 1 showed a 24-hour diurnal variability of parasystolic modulation characterized by its occurrence during only part of the period of sleep (from 1 to 5 am). In case 2, modulated ventricular parasystole produced episodes of intermittent ventricular bigeminy with fixed coupling resembling those attributed to a reentry mechanism. The proper diagnosis was made when the sinus cycle length changed abruptly. Finally, in case 3, the idionodal rhythm from a patient with complete AV block was shown to be not only parasystolic, but also modulated. In addition, the idionodal rhythm was entrained (captured) in a concealed fashion by paced beats so that the post-pacing events did not conform with those occurring during overdrive pacing of parasystolic nonmodulated, or nonparasystolic, idionodal rhythms. These findings constitute the clinical counterpart of experimental studies performed with microelectrode techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Circadian variations and modification of ventricular parasystole].

As shown by Jalife and Moe, brief subliminar depolarizations induced upstreams of the protection zone may predictably modify the discharge from a parasystolic focus. In the biological and mathematical models of parasystole, numerous arrhythmias which do not fulfil the classical criteria of parasystole have been identified, some of them even mimicking a re-entry mechanism. In this paper we report the electrocardiograms of three patients in whom an electrotonic modulation mechanism may be involved. In the first patient the classical pattern of continuous parasystole without exit block was observed throughout daytime. However, between 1 and 5 a.m. non parasystolic beats lengthened or shortened the parasystolic rhythm, depending on their time-related position in the cycle. Later, the usual continuous parasystole pattern reappeared. In the second patient the patent 1:1 entrainment of parasystole by sinus beats resulted in long episodes of ventricular bigeminy with fixed coupling. A sudden slowing down of the cardiac rate disrupting the harmony of the two rhythms and, consequently, the regular entrainment of the ectopic focus, shortened the parasystolic cycle and suppressed bigeminy. In the third patient ventricular stimulation produced a hisian parasystolic rhythm resembling intermittent parasystole on surface ECG. It is concluded that, as suggested by experimental models, many disorders of cardiac rhythm which do not fulfil the criteria of parasystole can be explained in terms of modulated parasystole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Systemic and coronary hemodynamic effects of intravenous nicardipine at rest and in ischemia induced by rapid atrial stimulation].

The systemic and coronary haemodynamic effects of intravenous nicardipine were investigated in 10 patients with a more than 70 p. 100 stenosis of the left coronary artery. Two brief atrial pacing tests (ST1 and ST2) were performed. ST2 was performed 30 minutes after an intravenous injection of nicardipine 2.5 mg over 5 minutes. Nicardipine produced a 25 p. 100 decrease in ventricular systolic pressure and a substantial increase in cardiac index (from 2.74 +/- 0.48 to 3.46 +/- 0.35 l/min/m2, p less than 0.001). Measurement of the coronary flow rate by the thermodilution method showed a 40 p. 100 increase in sinus blood flow while coronary resistance decreased not only in territories with normal supply but also in myocardial territories distal to the coronary stenosis (from 2.76 +/- 2.3 to 1.83 +/- 1.5 mmHg/ml, p less than 0.02). With the same paced heart rate the ventricular function parameters were significantly improved during ST2 (cardiac index ST2 3.56 +/- 0.65 vs ST1 2.8 +/- 0.48, p less than 0.001; dp/dt max ST2 2143 +/- 369 vs ST1 1874 +/- 301 mmHg/sec, p less than 0.05), reflecting a lower degree of myocardial ischaemia. This was confirmed by the lower amplitude of electrocardiographic depression and by a higher lactate extraction coefficient (LE ST1 6 +/- 7 p. 100 vs LE ST2 12 +/- 12 p. 100, p less than 0.05). Mean arterial blood pressure and coronary sinus blood flow rate values were identical during the two atrial pacing tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Congenital aortic valve stenosis treated by dilatation. Apropos of a case with hemodynamic control 12 months later].

Intraluminal dilatation of congenital aortic valve stenosis was attempted in a 14-year old boy. Significant improvement was obtained, with a fall in transaortic gradient from 80 to 30 mmHg. A control haemodynamic examination performed 12 months later confirmed that the result was stable; there was no aortic leakage, and myocardial hypertrophy had begun to regress at echocardiography. This case is of interest in that dilatation is less costly than surgical commissurotomy. However, this technique cannot be widely used until satisfactory long-term results have been demonstrated in a large population of children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the effects of ajmaline and procainamide in the diagnosis of paroxysmal atrioventricular block].

14 suspected of having a paroxystic atrio-ventricular block underwent a complete electrophysiological exploration including an ajmaline test. It was administered at the standard dose of 1 mg/kg at the rate of 1 mg/s. In order to evaluate a replacement test, an equivalent dose of procainamide was injected at the same rate (10 mg/kg, 10 mg/s) a few hours later. In 4 out of 14 cases the ajmaline test was positive. In only one patient, procainamide was able to demonstrate a sub-nodal block. The maximal lengthening of HV occurred at an earlier time after ajmaline than after procainamide (2.2 +/- 0.75 min. versus 4.1 +/- 1.59 min, p less than 0.02) and certainly more clear-cut (MaxHV = 73.5 +/- 12.9 ms versus 59.5 +/- 12.1 ms, p less than 0.01). The lengthening of HV after administration of these two products was significantly correlated but always markedly lesser with procainamide. In conclusion, the procainamide is less sensitive than the ajmaline test in the positive diagnosis of paroxystic atrio-ventricular blocks concerning absolute criteria in the positive diagnosis as well as relative criteria such as a definite lengthening of HV with ajmaline.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous transluminal valvuloplasty of acquired aortic stenosis in elderly patients: an alternative to valve replacement?

Percutaneous transluminal balloon catheter aortic valvuloplasty (PTAV) was carried out in three elderly patients with acquired severe aortic valve stenosis. Transvalvular systolic pressure gradient was considerably decreased at the end of the procedure, during which there were no complications. Increased valve opening was confirmed by angiography and echocardiography. Subsequent clinical course showed a pronounced functional improvement. PTAV is recommended as a simple alternative to aortic valve replacement in elderly and/or high-risk patients.

Aged↗