Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Białek.
It was found, that Tołpa Peat Preparation (TPP) administered to healthy volunteers in doses of 100-300 mg/day during 14 days evoked the stimulation of the phagocytic and bactericidal activity of the granulocytes. The dose of 600 mg/day causes only a transient and insignificant increase of phagocytic and bactericidal properties of the granulocytes.
Viral Respiratory Infections in recruits have been presented as appearing in the epidemical season of 1991-1992. Three singular parainfluenza Type 1, Type 3 and RS virus-infections have been found. No influenza viruses were isolated.
We applied mixed, viral-bacterial infections of mice (with influenza virus to the respiratory tract and Staphylococcus aureus) intereperitoneally. We used Sodium Cefoperazone subcutaneously in the dose of 30 mg/kg body weight 24, 48 and 72 hours after the infection. We evaluated phagocytic activity of the granulocytes isolated from animals and bactericidal activity of these cells expressed as their chemiluminescent activity. We studied it on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and the 14th day after the infection. Phagocytic activity of cells taken from infected mice and treated with the preparation expressed as phagocytic index was the following: 0.38, 0.19; 0.88; 0.99 respectively. In the comparative studies, concerning the effect of preincubation of cells with antibiotic (at the concentration produced in blood serum by therapeutic doses) we found the increase in chemiluminescent process by 57% on the average. Analyzing the preliminary data form the experimental studies on the influence of Cefoperazone on mixed, viral-bacterial infections in mice we found the positive effect of the antibiotic evaluated in some immunological test. Intracellular killing of bacteria is stimulated. Preincubation of granulocytes with the antibiotic gives higher chemiluminescent activity of cells. However, chemotactic and phagocytic activity of cells are not changed.
This paper is the continuation of earlier studies on the effect of the killed suspension of Corynebacterium parvum in influenza virus infected mice. Our investigation showed the normalized effect of these drugs on disturbed function of cell mediated immunity during experimental influenza infection especially in phagocytic and bactericidal activity of granulocytes. The present experiments concern the explanation of these infection mechanisms. Intraperitoneal injection of Corynebacterium parvum stimulated spleen index. Foot pad test is higher than in comparatively treated BCG group. The pathomorphological analysis of the spleen, thymus and peritoneal lymph nodes points out to the multiplication of multiple lymph nodes sinus cells. Generally, C. parvum possessed protective effect in experimental influenza infection. We tested the following parameters: phagocytic and bactericidal activity of granulocytes, liberation of leukocytes migration inhibition factor (LIF).
The aim of the presented experiments was to estimate LIF production in the course of experimental infections with influenza viruses (of different degrees of adaptation), with S. aureus 209P and in the course of simultaneous viral-bacterial infections in mice. Spleen cells incubated with specific influenza antigens obtained according to Nath's method were used for the experiments as well as cells incubated with staphylococcal staphylolysine (Boehring Werke). The interdependence between LIF release and the degree of adaptation of viruses to lung tissue was observed. When influenza viruses APR-8 of high degree of adaptation to animal lung tissue were used, inconsiderable LIF production was observed in the early stage of observation. When the animals were infected with viruses A/Scotland/74 of low degree of adaptation, significant LIF production could be noticed since the 1st day of observation. Mixed, viral-bacterial infections influenced insignificantly LIF release. Its production was mainly conditioned by influenza viruses used for the infections.
In the paper the influence of viral, bacterial and mixed viral-bacterial infections on phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal granulocytes was estimated. Granulocytes isolated on the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 14th day of infection were incubated for 1 h at 37 degrees C together with S. aureus 209P cultivated in the presence of 14C labelled glucose. The radioactivity of samples was measured in the scintillatory counter. The results were shown as phagocytic index of granulocytes. The obtained data point to the decrease of granulocyte phagocytic activity in mice infected with bacteria in the first period of infection. When mice were infected with non-adapted influenza virus the decrease of granulocyte phagocytic activity was observed in the late stage of infection. The infection with adapted virus as well as mixed infection led to the complete disfunction of granulocyte phagocytic activity.
In the paper, the influence of in vitro contact of granulocytes with the antigen obtained from A/Scotland/74 and APR-8 influenza viruses as well as with staphylococcal anatoxine on phagocytic activity of granulocytes was examined. The results are given as phagocytic indices. In the group of animals infected with non-adapted influenza viruses the increase of phagocytosis was observed only in the first period of infection (on the 3rd and 6th day), whereas phagocytic index of granulocytes obtained from animals infected with adapted virus increased only on the 3rd day. In mixed infections, when granulocytes were contacted in vitro with viral as well as bacterial antigens, the insignificant increase of phagocytic indices was observed in the initial period of infection. On the other days of observation (on the 6th, 9th and 14th day) the obtained results approximated to values of phagocytic indices of granulocytes from the control group of animals.
Bactericidal activity of mouse peritoneal granulocytes was examined on the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 14th day after infection. 18-hour-old S. aureus 209P culture was used for examination. Human serum of AB group was used for opsonization. The mixture of bacteria, leukocytes and serum was placed at 37 degrees C for 2 h. Every 30 minutes the samples were taken to estimate the total number of living bacteria and the number of live intracellular bacteria. In the group of animals infected with bacteria as well as in the animals infected with non-adapted influenza viruses, granulocytes showed increased intracellular killing of test bacteria. The decrease of bactericidal activity of granulocytes was observed when they were taken from mice infected with adapted influenza viruses. In mixed infections, with the use of non-adapted virus and bacteria, the decrease of bactericidal activity of granulocytes was observed on the 6th and 9th day after infection. In the group of animals infected simultaneously with non-adapted virus and bacteria, increased bactericidal activity of granulocytes was observed in the initial period of infection. At the same time, on the 14th day this ability significantly decreased.
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The influence of ISO, the antiviral drug of immunomodulating activity, on the course of experimental influenza infections and mixed, viral-bacterial infections was studied. Spleen leukocytes migration inhibition test, performed in vitro in the presence of specific antigens stimulating influence of the drug administered to the infected animals was observed.
The influence of ISO on some stages of the phagocytosis was examined. Namely, the capacity for absorbing and intracellular killing of bacteria in animals infected with influenza viruses and with mixed, viral-bacterial infections was considered. The stimulative influence of the drug was observed. It was particularly visible with the viruses adapted to mice. The influence of the drug is probably in some way specific.
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Complex evaluations of the function of peripheral blood granulocytes in the Phenol Plant workers were made. Only precise examinations of the bactericidal and ingestive functions as well as the metabolism of those cells may lead to the discovery of a clinically unnoticeable insufficiency of the system as has been confirmed by other authors and by our own previous studies. Routine methods of separating granulocytes of heparinized peripheral blood were used. Phagocytic activity of cells after contact with three antigens was studied. Bactericidal activity of granulocytes in the presence of Staph. aureus and antibactericidal activity of lysosomal proteins of granulocytes were evaluated. According to the general assessment, no permanent disturbances of the granulocyte function were observed in the phenol plant workers. However, disturbances of the phagocytic and bactericidal abilities were detected in some individual cases. In general evaluation no disturbances of function of granulocytes concerning all some cases phagocytary and bactericidal abilities did not occur simultaneously.
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The influence of granulocytal lysosomal proteins given in vivo in the course of experimental bacteremia in rabbits caused by S. aureus 32P was examined. It was stated that studied proteins stimulate disappearance of bacteria from the circulating blood.