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Biomedical subjects

J Biddulph

Publications and source records attributed to J Biddulph.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Mood and cognition in pregnant workers.

Thirty-eight working women, in their late second trimester or early third trimester of pregnancy, volunteered to fill out the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire and the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist. In addition they provided information on the number of children they already had, the nature of their employment and their education level. The latter information was used to select a match for each pregnant worker from a larger sample of non-pregnant female workers. The results revealed no differences in the level of cognitive failures between the two groups. However, CFQ score was a better predictor of mood in the pregnant subjects, suggesting mood changes may be more closely related to perceived cognitive competency during pregnancy. The implications of this are discussed. With respect to mood sub-scales, non-pregnant workers scored higher on Energetic Arousal than pregnant workers. There were no differences on other mood sub-scales. It is argued that the cognitive efficiency of workers is not compromised by pregnancy but steps should be taken to ensure that work load is adjusted to take account of the self-reported reduced arousal that may arise.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Child health in the Third World.

Malnutrition, immunisable illness and diarrhoeal diseases are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Third World children. War and other disasters, rapid social change and AIDS add to these problems, and the debts of Third World countries cripple their efforts to deal with them. The World Summit for Children formulated an ambitious set of goals for the world's children by the year 2000 and there are signs that improvements in basic child health services can be achieved in this decade.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1993

Priorities and practice in tropical paediatrics.

More than 14 million children under 5 years of age die annually in the Third World, mainly due to diarrhoea, pneumonia, malaria and immunizable diseases. The problems of poverty, malnutrition, poor sanitation, illiteracy and high fertility that traditionally are associated with underdevelopment are now being compounded by social disruption due to rapid changes in lifestyle, new diseases such as AIDS and Third World debt. A vital part of the solution is provision of basic medical and education services to all, with emphasis on female literacy and improving the status of women. Key elements in providing basic medical services are delegation and empowerment. Doctors must delegate the delivery of essential child health services to appropriately trained and adequately supported auxiliaries. Parents, especially mothers, need to be empowered with the knowledge and resources to recognize and manage, or assist in the management of, their children's health problems.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Short course chemotherapy for childhood tuberculosis.

A prospective study, with an attempted 24-month-post-treatment follow-up, of children with tuberculosis (TB) treated with short course chemotherapy (SCC) for 6 months was carried out because published experience of SCC in childhood TB was limited. All children in Port Moresby diagnosed as having TB between November, 1984, and November, 1986, entered the trial. Of the 639 children 165 (26%) were younger than 2 years old. Of these, 227 (35%) had extrapulmonary TB (peripheral lymph node, 110; central nervous system, 43; abdominal, 27; miliary, 16; bone and joint, 11; pleural, 11; polyserositis, 9). Clinical response to SCC was rapid. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 15 (2%), mainly to streptomycin. Twelve (2%) died, 38 (6%) transferred out and 145 (28% of the 518 who did not die, transfer or live too far from a treatment centre) defaulted. Three hundred seventy-three (58%) completed a 2-month course of daily rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and streptomycin followed by a 4-month course of twice weekly rifampin and isoniazid. A further 71 (11%) had their treatment modified because of their distance from a treatment center. Only 70 (19%) of the 373 children available for post-treatment follow-up attended the every-3-month follow-up visits for 24 months, although 223 (60%) attended one or more of the follow-up visits. Seven of the 373 children relapsed, mostly within 3 months. Five of these children had been irregular with their treatment. SCC for childhood TB is safe and effective for pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1990

Twenty-five years of medical graduates in Papua New Guinea.

1989 is the 25th anniversary of the first doctors trained in Papua New Guinea at the Papuan Medical College (PMC). By the end of 1970 PMC had produced 44 doctors. The following year it became the Medical Faculty of the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG), which had graduated 318 doctors by February 1989. National doctors now make up approximately two-thirds of the total number of doctors in the country. The largest category of national doctors includes those working with the Health Department, but not at headquarters or specialist medical officer (SMO) level. Private practitioners constitute the second largest category, with almost one-fifth of fully registered national doctors. While postgraduate training programs have been established for clinical and public health specialists, vocational training for general practitioners has been mainly ignored. Private practitioners represent a considerable, and growing, manpower resource in urban areas, and ways need to be found to utilize their services in the public sector. 20% of national private practitioners have the M. Med. degree and 24% of those with the M. Med. are currently in private practice. Medical graduates from PMC and UPNG have a good record in postgraduate education: 37 have passed the M. Med., 62 have obtained a postgraduate medical diploma from UPNG and many have obtained overseas postgraduate diplomas and degrees. It is projected that 80% of SMOs will be national doctors within five years. An increased intake of national medical students into the Medical Faculty is needed now if most doctors in the country are to be nationals by the year 2000.

Education, Medical↗