Biomedical subjects

J Blissett

Publications and source records attributed to J Blissett.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Breast-feeding, maternal feeding practices and mealtime negativity at one year.

This paper explores whether breast-feeding, mediated by lower maternal use of controlling strategies, predicts more positive mealtime interactions between mothers and their 1 year old infants. Eighty-seven women completed questionnaires regarding breast-feeding, assessing their control over child feeding and mealtime negativity at 1 year of infant age. Seventy-four of these women were also observed feeding their infants solid food at 1 year. Mediation analyses demonstrated that the experience of breast-feeding, mediated by lower reported maternal control over child feeding, predicted maternal reports of less negative mealtime interactions. The experience of breast-feeding also predicted observations of less conflict at mealtimes, mediated by observations of maternal sensitivity during feeding interactions. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Is cognitive behavior therapy developmentally appropriate for young children? A critical review of the evidence.

This paper questions the extent to which developmental considerations have been incorporated into the theory and practice of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). It focuses on children aged between 5 and 8 years because Piagetian developmental theory places them at a prelogical cognitive level, and thus, the use of a therapeutic approach that is based on a rationalist paradigm would be considered inappropriate. The cognitive demands made upon 5- to 8-year-old children by CBT are outlined, and the current developmental literature is reviewed in the light of this to evaluate the cognitive abilities of this age group. The models underpinning CBT are examined for evidence of the influence of developmental psychology, and the outcome literature of CBT techniques is then scrutinized to evaluate the efficacy of these techniques with young children. Conclusions are reached regarding the appropriateness of current cognitive-behavioral approaches with young children, and the implications for alternative approaches are briefly considered.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2004

The relationship between parental eating problems and children's feeding behavior: a selective review of the literature.

This review describes the research evidence linking parental eating problems with processes that affect children's food selection and rejection, including child feeding difficulties, and child dieting practices and attitudes. First, studies that assess the relationship between parental eating disorder and child feeding are reviewed. Secondly, research that examines the relationship between parent and child dieting behavior and attitudes is reviewed. Finally, the eating characteristics of parents whose children have feeding difficulties are discussed. There is no consensus in the literature about the relationships between parent and child feeding and eating disturbance, and mechanisms for the intergenerational transmission of these behaviors have yet to be established.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

A behavioural intervention in a child with feeding problems.

AIM: This case study aimed to describe an intervention with a 2-year-old child with growth problems and moderately severe feeding difficulties. METHOD: The intervention was based on cognitive behavioural principles and psycho-physiological techniques, and focused on reducing parental anxiety and returning the control of feeding to the child. RESULTS: The child's feeding behaviour considerably improved over a 6-month period, and growth and weight were significantly increased. These positive changes have been maintained for a 3-year subsequent period. CONCLUSION: The principles described can be applied to children with a wide range of feeding problems with multivariate causes.

Anxiety↗

PubMed2001

Sexual orientation and eating psychopathology: the role of masculinity and femininity.

OBJECTIVE: Previous research suggests that eating disorders are related to homosexuality in men, although links with female sexual orientation are less clear. Appearance factors have generally been implicated in this relationship. However, previous studies have failed to consider the role of femininity, even though evidence suggests that this is a more critical factor than sexual preference. The aim of this study was to consider the relationship between gender-role orientation and eating psychopathology in nonclinical men and women of different sexual orientations. METHOD: One hundred university students (40 homosexual; 60 heterosexual) completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory and the Eating Attitudes Test. RESULTS: For the group as a whole, there were links between femininity and high levels of eating psychopathology, whereas masculinity was associated with relatively healthy eating-related attitudes and behaviors. When considering the role of sexual orientation, these links were specific to homosexual men and women. CONCLUSIONS: In relation to homosexual men and women, the results support a model where femininity might be seen as a specific risk factor for eating disorders, whereas masculinity is likely to be a protective factor. Methodological and conceptual implications are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Feeding problems in Silver-Russell syndrome.

In order to identify the prevalence and severity of feeding problems in children with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) the feeding difficulties of 32 children with SRS and 32 age- and sex-matched control children were assessed using the Feeding Assessment Questionnaire (Harris and Booth 1992). Children's ages ranged from 2 to 11 years, with 19 male and 13 female pairs. In a subset of matched pairs, parent-child interaction at mealtimes was examined using video recording; food intake was also assessed over a 3-day period using weighed food diaries. Children with SRS experienced significantly more feeding problems than children without growth disorders. Common feeding problems for children with SRS were poor appetite, fussiness, slow feeding, and problems associated with oral-motor dysfunction. Feeding problems did not significantly affect intake of kilocalories, protein, fat, or carbohydrates. Mealtime interaction between children with SRS and their parents was significantly more negative than interactions between control-group children and their parents. The focus of intervention packages in SRS should be to reduce negative parent-child interactions and reduce parental anxiety about feeding, growth, and weight.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed2000

Effect of growth hormone therapy on feeding problems and food intake in children with growth disorders.

UNLABELLED: To assess the effect of therapeutic doses of growth hormone (GH) on the feeding problems, food intake, body fat and mealtime interactions of children with growth disorders, an age-matched group of 46 children with Turner syndrome (TS) or Silver Russell syndrome (SRS) was examined using questionnaire measures and direct observation. The children's body fat was measured using bio-electrical impedance analysis and skinfold thickness measurements. Children receiving GH consumed significantly more energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate than did the children who were not receiving GH, independent of the extent of the child's feeding problems. Children receiving GH had less body fat than did children who were not receiving GH. Children who were not receiving GH distracted their parents from the mealtime significantly more often and received more negative prompting and coaxing from their parents to eat than did children who were receiving GH. This study provides evidence to support the theory that appetite and intake is determined in part by growth and growth potential. Feeding problems seen in children with growth disorders are partly due to parental attempts to impose control over their child's intake, when their child consumes less than the parent believes to be adequate. CONCLUSION: GH has a significant impact on both the food intake and parent-child interaction at mealtimes of children with SRS and TS.

Animals↗