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Biomedical subjects

J Blue

Publications and source records attributed to J Blue.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The role of the breast physician in the multidisciplinary breast centre.

The term breast physician was coined in Australia in 1990 to describe a female medical practitioner who is skilled in interpreting screening mammograms and the diagnostic work-up of women with symptomatic breast problems. The Australian Society of Breast Physicians was formed in 1990, and in 1995 became the Australasian Society to incorporate the New Zealand breast physicians. There is now a network of breast physicians throughout Australia who are involved in breast screening clinics or breast diagnostic centres. Thirty women doctors in the United Kingdom work in a similar role. The role of the breast physician is a new, exciting and challenging career option for women doctors. The authors believe that breast physicians have an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of women with symptomatic breast problems.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1997

Dipodascus starmeri sp. nov., a new species of yeast occurring in cactus necroses.

In a previous publication describing the geographic distribution of yeasts associated with cactus necroses (W. T. Starmer, M.-A. Lachance, H. J. Phaff, and W. B. Heed, Evol. Biol. 24:253-296, 1990), 127 isolates were identified as strains of Candida ingens van der Walt et van Kerken on the basis of morphology and certain phenotypic characteristics. Here we show by using DNA hybridization and additional phenotypic properties that these strains were misidentified and that they represent a minimum of three separate species that can be differentiated from C. ingens and from each other by utilization of 2-propanol or acetone, sensitivity to digitonin, utilization of L-lysine as a sole nitrogen source, vitamin dependence, NaCl tolerance, lipolytic activity, and habitat. One of the new species is haploid and heterothallic, and its teleomorph represents the genus Dipodascus. We describe Dipodascus starmeri sp. nov. The phylogenetic relationship of D. starmeri with other members of the genus Dipodascus and its anamorph, the genus Geotrichum, was estimated from ribosomal DNA nucleotide sequence divergence. The type strain, a heterothallic haploid isolate, is UCD-FST 72-316 (= CBS 780.96 = ATCC 200546 = NRRL Y-17816). The complementary mating type is UCD-FST 81-513.3 (= CBS 781.96 = ATCC 200547 = NRRL Y-17817).

Base Composition↗
PubMed1995

Pharmacologic profile of diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin in hemodialysis patients.

Various hemoglobin compounds have been evaluated as potential oxygen-carrying, blood volume expanders, but toxicity has prevented clinical application. Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) represents a modified hemoglobin compound that is derived from human red blood cells and maintained in a tetrameric configuration by cross-linkages between the two alpha chains of the hemoglobin molecule. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, cross-over trial, DCLHb's safety and pharmacologic parameters were evaluated in 18 subjects receiving chronic hemodialytic therapy. A 30-minute infusion of 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg DCLHb or placebo was given at the start of routine hemodialysis. One week later, the alternate treatment (placebo or DCLHb) was administered. Maximum plasma hemoglobin concentrations and terminal half-life values were calculated for each dosage group. Dialysate was collected and assayed for hemoglobin. Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from baseline and the volume of hypertonic saline administered for treatment of hypotension during hemodialysis were measured. The maximum plasma hemoglobin concentrations increased with DCLHb dose and occurred at the end of DCLHb infusion. The mean (+/- SD) terminal half-life ranged from 2.1 +/- 1.0 hours in the 25 mg/kg DCLHb group to 4.3 +/- 1.4 hours in the 100 mg/kg group, but did not differ significantly between groups. Mean baseline plasma hemoglobin corrected areas under the plasma concentration-time curves increased from 89 to 1,136 mg/hr/dL across the fourfold dose range. Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin was not dialyzable as none was detected in dialysate. The maximum increase in systolic blood pressure from baseline increased significantly with DCLHb dose compared with placebo (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Social cognitions as organizers of autonomic and affective responses to social challenge.

Autonomic and affective responses to children were assessed as a function of adult perceptions of interpersonal control. Women (N = 160) interacted with and provided feedback to computer-simulated children who "behaved" responsively or unresponsively on a computer game. Women were categorized as low in perceived control (PC) if they attributed high control to children but low control to self over negative events on the Parent Attribution Test. As predicted, low-PC women were maximally reactive to child characteristics, manifesting peak levels of defensive arousal (increased level of heart rate and electrodermal activity) and negative affect with unresponsive children and minimal levels of arousal and negative affect with responsive children. Intermediate response levels were shown by high-PC Ss. We interpreted results as suggesting mediating factors that may operate in dysfunctional interaction patterns previously found for low-PC caregivers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Granulated round cell tumor of cats.

Morphologic and biologic features of five feline granulated round cell tumours were compared with those previously reported to be of globule leukocyte and large granular lymphocyte origin. The five cats ranged from 6 to 9 years of age and presented with nonspecific gastrointestinal signs. Four of the five cats were tested for feline leukemia virus and were negative by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The neoplastic process involved the abdominal cavity in all cases, with a predilection for the distal small intestine and mesentery. The liver and peripheral and thoracic lymphoid tissues were also sporadically affected. Neoplastic round cells contained 0.5-1.5-microns eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules that were difficult to discern on causal observation with hematoxylin and eosin stain but were deep blue and easily visualized when stained with phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin. In two cases, epithelium in the affected ileum and liver contained unusually large numbers of apparently normal globule leukocytes. Ultrastructurally, the tumor granules tended to cluster at one nuclear pole and were spindle to round in shape with variably dense contents. Some granules contained a dense "cap" at one end or internal crystalloid bars that distorted the granule membrane. The tumors reported herein are similar to all three of the previously reported feline granulated round cell tumors and probably have a common cellular origin.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Renal failure in a calf secondary to chronic enteritis.

This clinical report describes a case of renal failure in a Holstein calf. It is suggested that the renal failure was hemodynamically-mediated. The combination of a chronic enteritis and failure to ingest adequate fluids produced the hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and metabolic acidosis. The elevated BUN, creatinine, FENa, and isosthenuria confirmed the diagnosis of renal failure. Continued testing of the heifer demonstrated persistence of the renal failure even though the heifer appeared normal on clinical examination. Monitoring the growth rate of the heifer calf demonstrated a severe reduction when compared to age-matched herdmates.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Influences of witnessed affect on information processing in children.

Children between the ages of 5 and 10 years watched a videotape of a child having a routine medical exam. Embedded within the scenes were systematic variations of depicted facial affect shown by doctor and child. Measures were taken of autonomic reactions and information-processing errors in response to positive, neutral, and negative affective cues. For 5-6-year-olds, processing errors were greatest in the negative affect condition. Additionally, peak increases in heart rate (HR) and skin conductance level (SCL) were demonstrated by 5-6-year-olds in response to negative affect shown by the witnessed child; increases in HR were in turn predictive of processing errors. Older children (9-10 years) showed trends reflecting reduced processing errors in response to witnessed negative affect. It was suggested that younger children respond to salient threat cues with a "defensive" response pattern that is relatively adaptive at younger but not older ages.

Affect↗
PubMed1988

New directive for documentation review in radiation oncology.

A new directive from the Health Care Financing Administration regarding reimbursement for daily patient care underscores the importance of accurate documentation in radiation oncology. Ms. Blue describes a quality control system in use at her institution which involves a comparison of what is documented in the medical record with what has been charged.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1987

Pulmonary aspergillosis in a horse with myelomonocytic leukemia.

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia was diagnosed in a 2-year-old Standardbred mare that had hind limb edema and fever unresponsive to antibiotics. The mare had anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis, with circulating myeloblasts and monocytoid cells. A bone marrow specimen was hypercellular, with myeloblasts and monocytoid cells. Peroxidase, chloroacetate esterase, and alpha naphthyl acetate esterase activities were detected in many bone marrow cells. Interstitial pulmonary densities were seen radiographically. The mare was euthanatized and necropsied. Infiltrates of leukemic cells were found microscopically in specimens of spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. Granulomas containing fungal hyphae were seen microscopically in the lungs, and Aspergillus sp was isolated from the lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Urinary tract infection due to indwelling bladder catheters in dogs and cats.

Urine samples were collected from 27 dogs and 4 cats with indwelling urinary catheters connected to a closed system. Twenty-one animals had sterile urine at the initiation of catheterization. Eleven of these 21 animals developed positive urine culture after 4 (mean) days (range 1 to 10 days) of catheterization. Infections persisted after catheter removal in 6 of 8 animals. The 10 animals that did not develop bacteriuria had a shorter duration of catheterization (3 days vs 12 days, mean). Antibiotics (chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfonamide, cephradine, lincomycin, gentamicin, or ampicillin) were used during the period of catheterization in 17 of 21 animals, 8 of which developed bacteriuria and 9 of which did not. Ten animals had bacteriuria at the initiation of urine collection for culture. The type of bacteria changed during the catheterization period in 6 animals, all of which were given antibiotics. Bacteria isolated from animals given antibiotics seemed to become increasingly antibiotic-resistant.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Behavior problems and social competence in girls with true precocious puberty.

We report a controlled standardized behavioral assessment of 33 girls with true precocious puberty using the Child Behavior Checklist. Although a majority of the girls were reported not to have behavior problems, many were reported to have a dysphoric adjustment to their condition. Twenty-seven percent of the girls with true precocious puberty scored greater than 2 SD above the mean on the Total Behavior Problem scale 10 times the expected prevalence rate. They also scored significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than matched controls on both the internalizing or "overcontrolled symptom" and externalizing or "undercontrolled symptom" scales. Forty-eight percent scored greater than 2 SD above the mean on the Social Withdrawal scale. The high prevalence of reported problem behaviors in this sample may be related directly or indirectly to the precocious maturation mediated by biologic, psychologic, social, and environmental variables. Although elevated levels of sex steroids may directly contribute to increased aggressive and hyperactive behaviors, they may also be modified by social and environmental factors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Biological considerations for treating alternate fields versus all fields daily with high and low LET radiation.

The rationale for treating all fields every day with photons was reviewed. Since the effects of neutron radiation are much less dependent on alterations of fractionation schedules, and since preferential sparing for late effects is not obtained by fractionation of neutron dose, less convincing reasons exist for treating all fields every day with neutrons. Treating one field/day would not alter the physical dose distribution or overall treatment time, yet still maintain biological homogeneity. Preliminary in vitro experiments support this conclusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Periarterial macrophage sheaths (ellipsoids) in cat spleen--an electron microscope study.

Periarterial macrophage sheaths (PAMS), a term we introduce to replace "ellipsoids," surround arterial capillaries in the red pulp of the spleen and are major sites for clearance of blood-borne particles. PAMS and their arterial capillaries in cat spleens in various states of congestion and contraction were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Thorotrast, a colloidal suspension of thorium dioxide, was injected to label macrophages. A PAMS consisted of a fine meshwork of reticular cells and reticular fibers which held macrophages and formed a cylindrical sheath around an arterial capillary lying in its longitudinal axis. Some PAMS were spongy due to loosening of cell associations by plasma infiltration; others were tightly compressed. Blood cells were both free in the interstices of the PAMS and attached to macrophages. Reticular cells formed a closely applied but incomplete layer adventitial to the arterial capillary and extended branches which contributed to the meshwork. Small villous processes on the major branches of reticular cells approached each other, sometimes forming intercellular junctions, and fit into complementary indentations in the surfaces of macrophages and endothelial cells. Thin filaments within reticular cells filled the villous processes and formed a border beneath the plasmalemma; intermediate filaments ran through the centers of the branches. Reticular fibers lay between reticular cells. Basement membrane fabricated of the same material as reticular fibers lay between the endothelium and reticular cells. Macrophages contained Thorotrast and abundant debris of phagocytized cells and were joined by extensive interdigitation of micropseudopodia. Endothelial cells were long rods which lay parallel and were joined along their bases by interdigitating lateral processes. Intercellular junctions were present at some points, but at others lateral processes were everted to form open interendothelial slits through which blood cells could pass. Endothelial cells possessed great numbers of randomly oriented intermediate filaments and small patches of thin filaments scattered along the basal plasmalemma and in lateral processes. Thin filaments may function to attach cells to one another and to the basement membrane and may assist in closing interendothelial slits. We believe that the endothelium responds to changes in arterial blood pressure and blood flow. It stretches to allow dilatation and recoils, probably due to the intermediate filaments, squeezing blood cells through interendothelial slits.

Animals↗