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Biomedical subjects

J Boada

Publications and source records attributed to J Boada.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Naloxone-induced increase in blood and brain ethanol concentrations in rats.

Although a reduction in blood ethanol concentration has been proposed to mediate the ethanol antagonist activity of naloxone observed in clinical and experimental situations, an increase in this variable as well as in brain ethanol concentration has been found in rats treated with naloxone (0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) ten min after intragastric administration of ethanol (1 and 2 g/kg). This effect disappeared either when naloxone was administered 50 min after ethanol or when ethanol was given intraperitoneally. On the other hand, naloxone induced a slight but significant slowing in intestinal transit rate. These results suggest that naloxone may facilitate gastrointestinal absorption of ethanol when administered soon after an oral load of this drug. Therefore, mechanisms other than a pharmacokinetic interaction appear to be involved in the antagonist action of naloxone.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Adverse drug reactions in paediatric outpatients.

In accordance with guidelines for a multicentre trial, the incidence and features of adverse drug reactions in a sample of 1327 children attending outpatient consultations have been determined. The incidence was of 0.75% (0.34% - 1.58% with p less than 0.05). The reactions were slight in character and predominantly affected very young female patients. Antibiotics were involved in almost a half of cases, and polypharmacy was used in all of them.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1986

Effect of ethanol on neuromuscular function in rats. Its interaction with alcuronium.

The effect of chronic ethanol intake on neuromuscular function has been analyzed by using a rat tibial muscle preparation. The time-course of single twitches, trains-of-four, tetanus and post-tetanic facilitation with and without blockade with alcuronium was evaluated. A decrease in these parameters was observed, being more pronounced in ethanol fed rats during 10 than 30 days. The twitch was the most affected parameter. After recovery of alcuronium blockade, the depressant effects of ethanol were completely reversed. These data suggest that low but sustained ethanol blood levels causes evident alterations of neuromuscular function due, probably, to a postjunctional action.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1986

Effects of dopaminergic agonists and antagonists on the partially contracted, isolated and perfused renal artery of the rat.

The effects of two dopamine agonists, dopamine itself and SKF 38393, alone and in the presence of several dopamine antagonists, have been studied in the partially contracted, isolated and perfused renal artery of the rat. In this preparation, earlier used by other authors in vascular pharmacological experiments, the dopaminergic agents produced clear vasodilator effects which were inhibited by all antagonists used. Due to its low cost and simplicity, such a preparation would be of practical value in testing dopaminergic drugs.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed1984

Effect of Anesthesia on rat respiration. A study in decerebrated, decerebrated-anesthetized and intact-brain preparations.

The time course of respiratory parameters and blood pressure was studied in decerebrated rats (DR), decerebrated rats treated with a combination of thiopental plus urethane (DAR), and intact brain rats anesthetized with the same combination (IBAR). Moreover, the respiratory sensitivity to a stimulating dose of amphetamine was tested in the three preparations. DR exhibited a spontaneous and steady increase of ventilation which was absent in DAR. A steady increase of ventilation was also observed in IBAR, although of a lesser intensity. Amphetamine induced a clear respiratory stimulation which was decreased by the administration of anesthetics. A tendency to hypotension was seen in all animals. Therefore, the respiratory instability and the decreased pharmacological response observed in the presence of anesthetics are important factors to be considered when interpreting results obtained in this kind of preparations.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1984

Postjunctional Origin of the indirect-like sympathomimetic effect of metanephrine and normetanephrine on blood pressure.

The effects of metanephrine and normetanephrine have been compared with those from equiactive doses of the origin compounds, adrenaline and noradrenaline, on the pressor responses in rat, in order to determine whether their effects are owed, at least partially, to a releasing presynaptic action of the catecholamines in normal animals as well as those pretreated with reserpine, guanethidine and 6-OH-dopamine. Their effects have likewise been studied in isolated perfused renal arteries both in normal and reserpinized rats. None of the adrenolytic agent used were able either to reduce the duration of the hypertensive response or to accelerate tachyphylaxis. Identical results were obtained in renal artery preparations. It is thus concluded that the catecholamines stored in presynaptic endings are not involved in the observed phenomena and it is suggested that they might depend on the high doses required to produce effects equiactive to those of the origin substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ethanol and receptor function.

The effects of ethanol in vitro (21 and 42 mM) and in vitro (10 and 30 days of exposure) on the dose:effect curves for noradrenaline and acetylcholine in isolated auricles and uterus of rats, respectively, have been studied. Likewise, the acetylcholine-atropine interaction was studied in rat uterus under the above-mentioned conditions. Analysis of theoretical curves as well as pD2 and pA2 calculations revealed that ethanol causes changes in the tissue responses to the agents assayed which in turn may be an expression of modification in the receptor function.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Continuous epidural perfusion with meperidine on demand for the treatment of postoperative pain].

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether epidural administration of meperidine through a system affording patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is appropriate for postoperative pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective double-blind study of 30 patients undergoing high abdominal surgery randomly into two groups. After surgery with the same type of general anesthesia for both groups, group A received epidural meperidine through a PCA pump (initial boluses of 50 mg + infusion of 10 mg/h with additional doses of 25 mg upon patient demand and closure time of 90 min). Control group B received 0.9% saline serum through an epidural PCA system with identical perfusion characteristics. All patients had access to additional analgesia with subcutaneous meperidine (1 mg/kg weight). RESULTS: There was a wide interindividual variation in meperidine consumption in group A, with a mean total dose of 301.4 +/- 73 mg in 24 hours and no patient requiring additional subcutaneous meperidine. Subcutaneous meperidine required in group B reached 273 +/- 65.8 mg in 24 hours, with no significant differences between groups A and B for total dose given. No side effects inherent to the technique were found. Sufficient control of pain was achieved for all patients receiving epidural meperidine. CONCLUSIONS: Epidurally administered PCA with meperidine affords better pain relief with greater patient satisfaction than the same amount of drug given subcutaneously in successive doses upon patient request.

Abdomen↗