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Biomedical subjects

J Bodnár

Publications and source records attributed to J Bodnár.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Serum noradrenaline and ventricular tachycardia].

Sudden cardiac death is in the majority of cases due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) developing into ventricular flutter or ventricular fibrillation. It is therefore very important to detect patients with the risk of sudden cardiac death because their mortality depends on the treatment selected. The authors tried to shift the problem of sudden cardiac death into the sphere of cardioendocrinology. They examined the serum levels of norepinephrine (NE) in 17 patients. They collected simultaneously blood samples from the left cubital vein and right atrium after 5 minutes stimulation of the apex of the right ventricle, the frequency of stimulation being 100/min. In ten patients during electrophysiological examination VT was induced (four patients had persisting VT). The authors found a declining NE serum value in the periphery and rising intracardial NE serum level after ventricular stimulation. These differences were statistically significant in patients with VT but not in patients without VT.

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PubMed1997

Actinomycosis of the urachus persistens penetrating into the ileum.

A 16-year-old boy is presented with the problem of free micturition, having a palpable, painless tumour spreading from the symphysis to the umbilicus. Cystoscopy revealed an impression in the vertex of the urinary bladder covered by the inflamed mucous membrane with a bulbar oedema. Fistulography showed transitional urachus persistens communicating with the terminal loops of the ileum. During surgery, a solid, fan-like fibrous connective tissue was removed, together with the vertex of the urinary bladder and peritoneum. Adhering loops of the terminal ileum were sharply separated and sutured. Histopathological examination confirmed actinomycosis of the urachus persistens penetrating into the ileum.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1997

[Comparison of electrical and radiofrequency ablation of the AV junction in patients with refractory supraventricular tachycardia].

The radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is advantageous due to gradual destruction of tissue which enables not only an interruption of conduction, but also its modification-retardation of conduction. This state is in most cases sufficient for the control of tachycardia. It is necessary to be aware that radiofrequency ablation does not coincide with barrotrauma, uncontrollable increase of temperature of electrodes and the requirement of general anaesthesis. This technique enables the RF ablation therapy: 1. ectopic atrial tachycardia, 2. intraatrial tachycardia, 3. atrial flutter of type Z by ablation of the lower posterolateral area. (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 9.)

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PubMed1997

[Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapy of ventricular tachyarrhythmias].

One of the main causes of cardiovascular death is the sudden death which is most frequently caused by malign arrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). These fatal disorders of rhythm are not manageable effectively by surgery, catheter ablation and pharmacology which cannot be thus widely used. Automatic implantable cardiovertors-defibrillators (AICD) have been used since 1980 in the therapy of malign ventricular disorders of rhythm. Modern AICD in more severe ventricular arrhyhmias have reduced the frequency of sudden death from 10-30% yearly to 1%. Our objective was to use preferentially the best therapy possible with the least demanding output and the smallest postoperative risk, i.e. therapy with transvenous AICD. This was enabled by new apparatuses-Phylax 03 and Phylac 06 which are able to give the defibrillation shock by iridium covered electrodes also without subcutaneous so called "patch" electrodes. These circumstances result in a suitable defibrillation threshold. (Fig. 2, Ref. 14.)

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1996

[Trends in indications for permanent cardiac pacing therapy at the Cardiac Pacing Center in Eastern Slovakia 1978-1994].

At the Third Medical Clinic, which acts as a cardiostimulation centre for the eastern Slovak area, in 1978 to 1994 1 581 primary implantations and 996 reimplantations of pacemakers were made. In the group of primary implantations the mean age of patients was 70.7 +/- 10.9 years, the male/female ratio was 850/731. In the group of reimplantations the mean age was 71.3 +/- 11.6 years, incl. 483 men and 513 women. There is an almost linear rise of primoimplantations. In the group of reimplantations we can observe a two-peak shape of the curve with a maximum in 1986 and in 1990. While in 1978 atrioventricular block grade III accounted for almost 90% indications for primary implantations, during subsequent years its ratio declined gradually and at present it has reached a steady level of 30-40%. The second most frequent dysrhythmia in the group is dysfunction of the sinoatrial node which in 1978 accounted for 6% of the indications, while in 1994 it accounts for 28% of the primary implantations. In 1978 only non-programmable pacemakers VVI/V00 were implanted. In 1989 on a wider scale multiprogrammable ventricular single electrode systems VVIM were introduced which in 1994 accounted for 58% of the implanted pacemakers. Stimulation with adaptable frequency (VVIR, AAIR) and physiological stimulation of two cavities incl. VDD stimulation accounted for 42% in 1994. It can be summarized that during the last five years marked extension of physiological stimulation occurred with an opportunity to select the optimal mode of stimulation, to increase reliability and keeping qualities of the implanted pacemakers and to improve the perspectives of patients needing cardiostimulation therapy.

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PubMed1996

[Ablation of supraventricular tachydysrhythmias with direct and radiofrequency current].

Ablation therapy of tachycardias refractory to pharmaceutical preparations is considered in recent years the method of choice. In the submitted paper the authors give an account of 12 years experience with ablation treatment of supraventricular tachycardias. The group comprises 23 patients, who were subjected to ablation therapy by radiofrequency current (RF) on account of relapsing supraventricular dysrhythmias, resistant to medicamentous treatment (between May 1994 and February 1996). The mean age of the patients was 60.4 +/- 9.2 years. The historical control group is formed by 13 patients who were subjected to ablation of the AV junction by direct current (DC) between March 1984 and April 1994, their mean age being 68.4 +/- 10.4 years. After DC ablation the operation was successful in 8 cases (62%) where complete AV block was achieved, while it was partially successful in two cases where modification of the conductivity was achieved (15%) and it failed in three cases (23%). The levels of AST and CK enzymes at the investigated time intervals are significantly higher than in the RF method. During RF ablation the mean duration of successful ablation sequence was 36 s, the mean energy 1 042 +/- 726 J, the median number of sequences was 10.5. In ablation of the AV junction the success was 95%. In one of two patients who were subjected to ablation of arterial flutter a relapse of tachycardia was recorded after an interval of 24 hours. Subsequently complete ablation of the AV junction was performed. In a female patient with atrioventricular reciprocal tachycardia due to a latent accessory pathway in the area of the free left ventricular wall temporarily tachycardia could not be induced, however, after discharge from hospital the paroxysms of supraventricular tachycardia with a substantially lower frequency reappeared. Comparison of the two methods does not suggest a significant difference of their effectiveness, the RF method causes, however, less extensive myocardial damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Transesophageal ventricular stimulation and ventricular tachycardia in the period before implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator].

The administration of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the method of choice in life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias. This effective non-pharmacological intervention was a great advance in the prevention of sudden cardiac death. As to ventricular tachycardias, relapsing ventricular tachycardias based on ischaemic alone need not influence ventricular tachycardia. The mechanism of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic heart disease is reentry and therefore this arrhythmia can be terminated not only by a defibrillation discharge but also by antitachycardiac stimulation. Various types of antitachycardiac stimulation are part of modern types of ICD. Evidence of the effectiveness of antitachycardiac stimulation (electrophysiological examination) permits to use it also by the transoesophageal approach. This treatment can be very effective and we can thus overcome the period before the definite administration of an ICD, as indicated by the case described.

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PubMed1993

[The effect of aminophylline on the sinoatrial node].

The objective of the submitted prospective study was to assess the influence of intravenously administered aminophylline on the sinoatrial node. The authors examined by electrophysiological methods 20 patients (16 without dysfunction of the sinoatrial node and 4 with dysfunction of the sinoatrial node). From the investigation patients were eliminated with an apparent and obvious cause of elevated uric acid serum levels and patients where on electrophysiological examination limited values of the corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node were found (from 650 ms to 999 ms). To all 20 patients 240 mg aminophylline were administered by the i.v. route with in 2 mins. The following parameters were recorded: age, serum level of uric acid, basal heart rate in ms, corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node in ms, heart rate and corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node 5 min after completed administration of aminohpylline in ms. As regards age and uric acid serum levels there was no significant difference between dysfunction of the sinoatrial node and normal function of the sinoatrial node. Intravenously administered aminophylline hastened significantly the heart rate in patients without dysfunction of the sinoatrial node (p < 0.05). The value of the corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node was shorter but the difference was not statistically significant. In patients with dysfunction of the sinoatrial node aminophylline did not affect the heart rate and corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Non-invasive tests in the diagnosis of sinoatrial node dysfunction].

The authors present a group of 67 patients, mean age 63 +/- 15 years, where they applied on account of suspected dysfunction of the sinoatrial node (SA) the atropine test (AT), 24-hour Holter monitoring and transoesophageal stimulation of the atria (TESP). The objective of the investigation was to test the reliability and yield of the mentioned methods and to investigate more closely the relations of their final indicators. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between the maximal frequency during AT and the mean daily (r = 0.553, p < 0.001) and minimal frequency during Holter monitoring (r = 0.349, p < 0.0025). The recovery periods of the SA node were negatively related to the mean, minimal and maximal frequency during Holter monitoring. The relative rise of SF during the atropine test did not correlate with any Holter parameter nor with the recovery periods of the SA node. The length of the pause (Holter) did not correlate with any of the evaluated parameters. Based on the mentioned findings, the authors conclude that the diagnostic value of the mentioned non-invasive tests, when used separately, is limited but increases when the tests are combined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Sick sinus syndrome and permanent cardiac pacing].

The authors submit a retrospective analysis of 140 patients with an affection of the sinoatrial node who had a permanent cardiac pacemaker. The analysis comprises an 18-month period; the patients were from the eastern Slovakian region. The authors emphasize different affections of the sinoatrial node and discuss various ways of permanent cardiac pacing and other types of non-pharmacological treatment (e.g. electric ablation). Diseases of the sinoatrial node account for as much as 40% of implantations of a permanent pacemaker on account of bradyarrhythmia. At the clinic this implies a quantitative increase of cardiac pacing on account of diseases of the sinoatrial node by 18%, as compared with a previous period (e.g. the average for 1978-1987). A qualitative change is the introduction of physiological permanent cardiac pacing.

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PubMed1993

[Transesophageal atrial pacing in bradyarrhythmia disorders of heart rhythm (preliminary report)].

The aim of the paper was to assess the contribution of transesophageal atrial stimulation in bradyarrhythmic derangements of the heart rhythm. The main purpose was to make the diagnostic simpler and safer. Since the series of patients involved is small, our results are to be considered as a preliminary report. (1) When only dysfunction of the sinoatrial node is involved, the method yields results comparable to those obtained by invasive electrophysiological examination. Compared to the latter, invasive approach, the great advantage of the presented method is its repeatability and simplicity. (2) Greater caution is required on evaluating the conductivity, as it can not be reliably determined in the His-Purkinje system. (Tab. 2, Fig. 5, Ref. 12.)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Rapid continuous stimulation of the atrium (overdrive) in the treatment of refractory supraventricular tachycardia].

In 71 patients, divided into four groups by the type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) during electrophysiological examination, 918 stimulations were implemented by the method of rapid continuous stimulation of the atria (overdrive) in order to interfere with a SVT paroxysm. In addition to characteristics of tachycardia the authors evaluated parameters of overdrive stimulation, i.e. the duration of the stimulation cycle (CL STIM), the ratio CL STIM/CL SVT, the number of stimuli required to terminate tachycardia (N STIM) and their mutual relations. In the group of atrioventricular reciprocal tachycardias (WPW, n = 17) the effectiveness was 50.4%, CL SVT 334 +/- 43 ms, the ratio CL STIM/CL SVT 78.3 +/- 12%, the median of N STIM 14 +/- 6. In the group of AV nodal tachycardias (AVNR, n = 26) the effectiveness is 53.1%, CL SVT 356 +/- 70 ms, CL STIM/CL SVT 77 +/- 8.6%. In the group of atrial tachycardias (AT, n = 5) the effectiveness was 62.3%, CL SVT 348 +/- 24 ms, CL STIM/CL SVT 73.7 +/- 7.5%, N STIM 6 +/- 4. In the group of atrial flutter (AFL, n = 23) the effectiveness was 9.2%, CL SVT 226 +/- 29 ms, CL STIM/CL SVT 84.5 +/- 8.2%, N STIM 22.5 +/- 9. The effectiveness of overdrive stimulation in AFL is significantly lower than in other groups of SVT. The regression correlation in the entire group of tachycardias for calculation of a suitable duration of CL STIM--0.855 x CL SVT--28 (ms), the median number of stimuli N STIM 14 +/- 7.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Uric acid and sinoatrial node function].

In a retrospective investigation comprising 54 patients the authors assessed the relationship between the function of the sinoatrial node and raised serum uric acid levels. The function of the sinoatrial node was expressed by the maximal value of the corrected recovery time of the sinoatrial node. No statistically significant correlation was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Does the left atrial dimension predict the short-term effect of electric cardioversion?].

The authors evaluate in their retrospective investigation the influence of the left atrium, assessed by echocardiography, on the short-term effect of electric cardioversion in auricular fibrillation. The group comprises 44 patients divided into four groups: ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and specific myocardial affection, mitral stenosis and idiopathic fibrillation. The authors did not find a significant difference between the left atrial diameter in patients with successful electric cardioversion (ECV) (44.4 +/- 8.2 mm) and patients with not successful ECV (43.4 +/- 6.7 mm). The authors did not prove the influence of age and aetiology of fibrillation on the effect of ECV. The size of the left atrium alone does not possess a significant predictive value when estimating the short-term effect of ECV.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Paroxysmal atrioventricular block].

The authors analyzed paroxysmal atrioventricular blocks which were not frequency-dependent. It was a clinical, electrocardiographic and electrophysiological evaluation. The authors draw attention to the pitfalls of diagnosis and emphasize that the problem of interpretation of atrioventricular (intraventricular) conductivity is unequivocally associated with the problem of indication of permanent cardiac pacing. Based on their own experience, the authors describe the procedure used for establishment of the diagnosis of paroxysms of atrioventricular blocks. What are the main conclusions? 1. In the first place it is necessary to pay attention to the history of syncopes. 2. On the conventional ECG we find usually disorders of atrioventricular and intraventricular conductivity. 3. Electrophysiological examination should be always supplemented also by pharmacological intervention, using Gilurytmal by the i.v. route.

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PubMed1990

[Experience with permanent cardiac pacemakers in the East Slovakian Region 1978-1987].

The authors present a group of patients where in the course of the 10-year period of 1978-1987 a permanent pacemaker was implanted. 587 primary implantations were made and 327 exchanges of cardiac pacemakers. The mean age in the group of primary implantations was 70.4 +/- 10.3 years, in the group of exchanges 70.4 +/- 10.6 years. n 98.8% pacemakers VVI and VOO made in Czechoslovakia were implanted. Indications for primary implantation were in 64% atrioventricular block (AV) grade III, in 11% AV block grade II, in 22% disease of the sinoatrial node and in 4% other dysrhytmias. The age category above 60 years accounts for 85.5% in the group of primary implantations. A positive feature is the low incidence of complications of surgical and technical nature. An unfavourable feature is that almost all implanted devices were the simplest single electrode systems where the frequency cannot be adapted and where other parameters cannot be changed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Atypical ventricular tachycardia and atrioventricular blockade].

The authors submit a clinical and electrocardiographic analysis of five patients with atypical ventricular tachycardia with atrioventricular block of an advanced degree. The incidence is relatively rare--cca 1% patients with atrioventricular block are threatened by this type of tachycardia. In these patients there are always reduced serum potassium levels and a longer QT interval, as compared with patients without tachycardia. In two instances there was an association with the use of drugs (Furosemide and Thioridazine) and these patients developed tachycardia even during permanent pacing. Correction of the internal environment and discontinuation of drugs proved therefore decisive, as permanent pacing alone did not always suffice to prevent tachycardia. Without medication atypical ventricular tachycardia develops, in the author's opinion, most probably when bradycardia has persisted for a prolonged period.

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