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Biomedical subjects

J Bogner

Publications and source records attributed to J Bogner.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Brainstem auditory evoked responses in partial and generalized seizures.

This study presents clinical neurophysiologic evidence of altered upper brainstem function in patients with generalized epilepsy who do not otherwise differ clinically from the general population. While the differences in absolute latencies are not great enough to support the use of BAERs in routine evaluation, this data does support experimental studies implicating brainstem structures in the pathophysiology of primary generalized epilepsy. The lack of evidence of brainstem involvement in complex partial seizures may suggest a mechanism of seizure spread that is not dependent upon primary brainstem pathology, or may indicate that any brainstem abnormality in epilepsy may involve areas not mediating transmission of auditory stimuli and therefore not assessed by BAERs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[AIDS tumors].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[The place of 67Ga scintigraphy in the primary diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of opportunistic pneumonia in patients with AIDS].

Opportunistic pneumonias are a life-threatening complication in patients with AIDS. Early diagnosis and therapy is necessary to improve prognosis. This study was designed to assess the value of 67Ga scintigraphy in the primary detection and follow-up of these special pneumonias. 67Ga scintigraphy was performed in 40 patients: 10 normal controls and 30 HIV-positive patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). 67Ga scan results were compared with current chest radiographs and the results of pathogen detection. The evaluation of positive scans was based on a quantification of the pulmonary uptake, expressed as a pulmonary/soft-tissue uptake ratio. Only 8/30 patients had a normal scan, 22/30 showed diffuse (13/22) or focal (9/22) increases of pulmonary uptake. In 7/8 patients with normal scans the chest radiograph was negative as well. The one patient with negative scan but positive chest radiograph had pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma. In 11/22 patients the 67Ga scan and chest radiograph were positive simultaneously. In the other 11/22 patients with positive scans chest radiographs were initially negative but showed pathology in 5 cases within 1-2 weeks. The reason for positive scans in most cases was an opportunistic lung infection; other forms of pneumonia were only observed in two cases. The defined uptake ratio demonstrated to be a highly sensitive parameter for monitoring pneumonia and the effects of therapy in follow-up studies. In conclusion, quantitative 67Ga scintigraphy proved to be a reliable and highly sensitive method for primary detection and follow-up of opportunistic pneumonias in patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Defining sleep disturbance after brain injury.

Sleep disorders are a relatively common occurrence after brain injury. Sleep disturbances often result in a poor daytime performance and a poor individual sense of well-being. Unfortunately, there has been minimal attention paid to this common and often disabling sequela of brain injury. This study attempts to define and to correlate the incidence and type of sleep disturbances that occur after brain injury. Consecutive admissions to a rehabilitation unit were used to create a longitudinal database designed to predict long-term outcomes for individuals who suffered a brain injury. Fifty percent of subjects had difficulty sleeping. Sixty-four percent described waking up too early, 25% described sleeping more than usual, and 45% described problems falling asleep. Eighty percent of subjects reporting sleep problems also reported problems with fatigue. Logistic regression analysis revealed the following: the more severe the brain injury the less likely the subject would be to have a sleep disturbance; subjects who had sleep disturbances were more likely to have problems with fatigue; females were more likely to have trouble with sleep. This study demonstrates the substantial prevalence of sleep disturbances after brain injury. It underscores the relationship between sleep disorders and perception of fatigue. It also underscores the need for clinicians to strive for interventional studies to look at the treatment of sleep and fatigue problems after brain injury.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluconazole-resistant oral candidosis in a repeatedly treated female AIDS patient.

A 29-year-old female suffering from full-blown AIDS received fluconazole 400 mg day-1 for a long period for treatment of oral candidosis, pseudomembranous type. She had previously received this drug repeatedly for the same reason, yet manifest disease persisted. She was therefore put on parenteral amphotericin B, which led to clinical, but not mycological, cure in the short term. IC30 testing revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 128 micrograms ml-1 for fluconazole. The isolate, however, was susceptible in vitro to ketoconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B. The same antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was found with a second isolate obtained later. Resistance to fluconazole might become a major problem in HIV-infected patients receiving this drug for long periods.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗