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Biomedical subjects

J Boldú

Publications and source records attributed to J Boldú.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Benign pleural diseases induced by asbestos].

Exposure to asbestos is an important cause of pleural pathology and can be produced with light or moderate tendencies given the capacity of asbestos to concentrate in the pleura. Together with the prolonged latency existing between exposure and the disease, this means that for many years we will continue to see pleural clinical manifestations from past exposure, in spite of the increasingly limited use of asbestos in recent decades. This exposure can show itself in different manifestations, both malign, such as mesothelioma, and benign, principally benign pleural effusion, pleural plaques, diffuse pleural fibrosis and massive atelectasis.

Asbestos↗
PubMed2005

[Building related ilness].

Following the changes carried out in recent years in buildings, such as ventilation systems, computers, etc., a series of diseases, that are related to this, have been described. This paper concentrates on the syndrome of the sick building, which is formed by a group of symptoms normally suffered by workers in the same "sick" building. This syndrome is related to its interior ambience, since the clinical manifestations appear some hours after entering the building and improves a few minutes after leaving this ambience. The origin is probably multifactorial: volatile airborne pollutants, the ventilation system, factors related to work organisation, or even dependent on the host. Since there is no single cause, we enumerate the risk factors in developing this syndrome as well as the steps for reaching a diagnosis and useful measures for preventing the sick building.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Registry of occupational respiratory diseases in Navarre].

BACKGROUND: In January 2002 an occupational respiratory diseases record was established in Navarre so that the number and characteristics of the occupational respiratory pathology could be analysed. METHODS: The cases reported by doctors who collaborated in 2002, 2003 and 2004, were entered in a database for subsequently analysis. This database has several variables: gender, age, tobacco habit, hospital department and notifying doctor, diagnosis, job and causal agent. RESULTS: 125 cases were reported. 97 males (77.6%) and 28 females (22.4%). Average age was 55,4 years old. Eighty-eight were non-smokers (70.4%) and 37 were smokers (29.6%). Pneumology reported 84 cases (67.2%) and Allergology 41 (32.8%). The diagnoses were: 50 bronchial asthma (40%), 31 benign pleural disease (24.8%), 8 extrinsic allergic alveolitis (6.4%), 8 mesothelioma (6.4%), 7 bronchopulmonary cancer (5.6%), 5 acute inhalations (4%), 3 amianthinopsy (2.4%), 2 rhinitis (1.6%), 1 RADS (0.8%) and 1 COPD (0.8%). The most reported jobs were: 13 painting and varnishing (10.4%), 12 spinning asbestos yarn (9.6%) and 8 bakery and confectionery (6.4%). The main causal agents were: 49 cases of asbestos (39.2%), 15 isocyanates (12%) and 8 silica (6.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent pathology was bronchial asthma, followed by benign pleural disease. The most reported job was painting and varnishing and secondly spinning asbestos yarn. Asbestos was the first substance involved and the second was isocyanates. Most of the patients were males and non-smokers. The Pneumology Service of the Virgen del Camino Hospital reported most of the cases. Ratio contrast analysis showed a certain tendency towards a statistical significance in rhinitis, occupational asthma and amianthinopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Respiratory emergencies].

Respiratory emergencies in a patient with cancer can have their origin in pathologies of the airway, of the pulmonary parenchyma or the large vessels. The cause can be the tumour itself or concomitant complications. Obstruction of the airway should be initially evaluated with endoscopic procedures. Surgery is rarely possible in serious situations. The endobronchial placement of stents or radioactive isotopes (brachytherapy), tumoural ablation by laser or photodynamic therapy can quickly alleviate the symptoms and re-establish the air flow. Treatment of haemoptysis depends on the cause that is provoking it and on its quantity. Bronchoscopy continues to be the front line procedure in the majority of cases; it provides diagnostic information and can interrupt bleeding through washes with ice-cold serum, endobronchial plugging or topical injections of adrenaline or thrombin. External radiotherapy continues to be an extraordinarily useful procedure in treating haemoptysis caused by tumours and in carefully selected situations of endobronchial therapy with laser or brachytherapy, and bronchial arterial embolisation can provide a great palliative effect. Respiratory emergencies due to pulmonary parenchyma disease in the oncology patient can have a tumoural, iatrogenic or infectious cause. Early recognition of each of these will determine the administration of a specific treatment and the possibilities of success.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed2002

[Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: the situation in Navarra (Spain)].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in Navarra (Spain) and to know the characteristics of patients treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n-CPAP) in our community. METHOD: All patients receiving nasal n-CPAP from the public health service of Navarra in July 2000 were enrolled. A nurse visited each patient and filled in a form with epidemiological data, and patient and clinical characteristics. The nurse then measured CO in expired air and the n-CPAP pressure used and recorded the hour counter reading on the n-CPAP device. Between one and two months later and without prior warning, the patient was once again contacted and a second visit was made. The counter was read again and expired CO was measured. RESULTS: The prevalence of treatment with n-CPAP in Navarra was 125/100,000 inhabitants, and a gradual increase in annual prescriptions was observed. Home visits were made to 535 patients (80.7% of the total). Pneumologists wrote 83.5% of the prescriptions. n-CPAP was used a mean 6.1 hours/day, and the numbers of declared and real hours of use were statistically correlated. The mean apnea-hypopnea index was 51.5, although results were not available for 4.2% of the patients. The treatment was well tolerated according to 83.7% of the patients and 24.8% had been following it for over four years. The pathology most often associated with OSAHS was obesity (73.4% of the patients), followed by high blood pressure (40%); 299 patients (55.8%) had two or more associated diseases and 54 (9.7%) had none. Conventional polysomnography was the diagnostic method used in 45.9% of the cases, and respiratory polygraphs were available for 49.7%. Pressure was adjusted with the aid of polysomnography for 19.4% patients, whereas 32.1% had undergone no testing. Side effects of treatment were reported by 50.8%. CONCLUSIONS: a) The prevalence of n-CPAP treatment in Navarra is high and prescriptions are increasing; b) patient tolerance of and compliance with therapy are good, c) polysomnographs or respiratory polygraphs are available for diagnosis of OSAHS in most cases but the n-CPAP pressure level is adjusted without the recommended studies for many patients.

Adult↗