PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Bomanji

Publications and source records attributed to J Bomanji.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The effect of ramipril, a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on cortical nephron flow and effective renal plasma flow in patients with essential hypertension.

A placebo-controlled study of Ramipril on total and intrarenal flow distribution was carried out in 7 patients with essential hypertension. Cortical nephron flow was measured using radiolabelled tubular secreted radiopharmaceuticals 123I orthoidohippurate or 99mTc mercaptoacetyl triglycine by the transit time distribution technique. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were reduced significantly by Ramipril without significant changes in an index of cardiac output or in effective renal plasma flow. Cortical nephron flow increased from 207 +/- 7 to 257 +/- 21 ml/min (mean +/- SEM) p less than 0.05 and the percentage of flow to cortical nephrons increased by 6% (p = 0.05). Ramipril corrects the reduced cortical nephron flow found in essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy of ectopic intracranial retinoblastoma.

Radioiodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) has been used for diagnostic purposes to image neural crest tumors. We report the uptake of 123I MIBG in a child with ectopic intracranial retinoblastoma. It is felt that 123I MIBG scintigraphy may have a role in detecting occult metastatic disease in these patients.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1989

Pre- and post-treatment distribution pattern of 123I-MIBG in patients with phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas.

123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) localizes in adrenergic neurones. A comparison of % washout of MIBG, during two time intervals, from various organs was carried out in seven normal volunteers and 11 patients with phaeochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma pre- and post-treatment using MIBG. % washout of MIBG during the time intervals of 30 min to 4 h were as follows: heart, controls 26.1 +/- 3.8 v. patients 51.5 +/- 9.1, (p less than 0.001), lungs, controls 36.5 +/- 5.3 v. patients 47.3 +/- 5.8, (p less than 0.05), liver, controls 26.5 +/- 5.7 v. patients 53.4 +/- 12.0 (p less than 0.01). Following treatment the % washout of MIBG from these tissues between 30 min and 4 h were similar in both groups of subjects. This observation coincided with the normalization of plasma catecholamine levels in most of the treatment group. There was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups, in the % washout of MIBG from these tissues during the 4 h and 22 h time intervals either before or after treatment. We conclude that quantitative scintigraphy 30 min to 4 h after MIBG administration is a useful technique to evaluate the pathophysiological effects of high circulating catecholamines in patients with phaeochromocytomas and/or paragangliomas.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1989

Validity of the mean parenchymal transit time as a screening test for the detection of functional renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients.

Functional significance of renal artery stenosis (RAS) was assessed by 99Tcm-DTPA radionuclide scintigraphy, using the mean parenchymal transit time (MPTT) of the tracer as an index of renovascular disorder. Two groups of subjects were investigated retrospectively: eight normal live kidney donors; and 11 patients with hypertension, six with and five without significant RAS. MPTT was 171 +/- 11 s in the kidney donors, and there was a significantly prolonged MPTT in patients with RAS, 313 +/- 27 s (p less than 0.05). MPTT was also prolonged in three hypertensive patients with intrinsic renal disorders. The advantages and limitations of this technique are discussed. It is concluded that prolongation of MPTT can detect functionally significant renovascular disorder without pharmacological challenge.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

123I metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy of retinoblastoma: preliminary experience.

123I metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is a radiopharmaceutical used for imaging neural crest tumours. The possibility of using 123I MIBG for imaging retinoblastomas has been assessed in this pilot study. Ten patients were studied, nine with clinically and histologically proved retinoblastomas and one with Coats's disease. 123I MIBG scintigraphy correctly identified the neoplasm in eight patients but gave a negative result in two, one of whom had Coats's disease and the other a retinoblastoma which proved to be extensively necrotic on histological examination. These preliminary results suggest that 123I MIBG scintigraphy may have a role in differentiating retinoblastomas from lesions that simulate them.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1988

Clinical experience with 99mTc-MAG3, mercaptoacetyltriglycine, and a comparison with 99mTc-DTPA.

The preparation, application and clinical usage of 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine, MAG3, a tubular secreted compound, is described in the first 225 patients in a phase III study. Image quality, relative renal function, and renal transit times were compared with a 4 fold greater administered activity of 99mTc-DTPA in 11 patients. Correlation coefficients of 0.94 for relative function, 0.83 for parenchymal transit time index and 0.82 for whole kidney transit time index were found. Frusemide responses were similar. 99mTc-MAG3 is an efficacious radiopharmaceutical for routine renal radionuclide studies, giving excellent image quality in patients with hypertension, poor renal function, obstructive nephropathy or a renal transplant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Uptake of 99mTc labelled (Fab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibody 225.28S by a benign ocular naevus.

Malignant melanoma is one of the most common primary intraocular neoplasms. Recently, 99mTc radiolabelled (Fab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibody 225.28S raised against cutaneous melanomas have been used for imaging uveal melanomas. We report here a case where uptake of radiolabelled antibody was observed in a choroidal melanoma of the right eye and a benign choroidal naevus of the left.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Imaging neural crest tumours with 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine and X-ray computed tomography: a comparative study.

Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) has been used as a diagnostic agent for imaging neural crest tumours. In a retrospective study of 27 patients, the role of 123I MIBG scintigraphy and X-ray computed tomography (CT) for detection of disease was compared. Both imaging techniques were accurate in the identification of these tumours. Iodine-123 MIBG was slightly more accurate in detecting metastatic disease. Computed tomography of tumours was useful in planning appropriate metastatic intervention. We suggest 123I MIBG should be the primary imaging procedure followed by CT in the investigation of these patients.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1988

99Tcm-labelled leucocyte imaging in active rheumatoid arthritis.

A simplified technique of labelling leucocytes with technetium-99m is described and applied to patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. The clinically active and less active knees in seven patients were imaged and the uptake of labelled leucocytes was measured. The measurements were repeated after local steroid injection into nine painful knees. A 50-80% reduction in leucocyte uptake localized to the region of the synovium was demonstrated in the eight knees which showed clinical responses and a rise of 8% in the non-responder. There was a variable response in the knees that were not injected. 99Tcm leucocyte imaging in rheumatoid arthritis is able to assess objectively joint inflammation and its response to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Technetium-99m MAG3, a comparison with iodine-123 and iodine-131 orthoiodohippurate, in patients with renal disorders.

A Phase I study in 12 patients with renal disorders compared the simultaneous clearances of 99mTc-labeled mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) and 131I-labeled orthoiodohippurate (OIH). The ratio of MAG3 to OIH clearance was 0.61 +/- 0.08 as a result of its smaller volume of distribution, ratio 0.65 +/- 0.09, for the clearance half-lives were similar, ratio 1.09 +/- 0.12. A Phase II study performed serially in 20 patients with equal doses of [99mTc]MAG3 and [123I]OIH gave images of equal quality. The relative renal functions were highly correlated (r = 0.97, p less than 0.001) and transit time analyses gave good correlations: parenchymal transit time index r = 0.81, p less than 0.05. We conclude that [99mTc]MAG3 has some advantages over [99mTc]DTPA and is a suitable replacement for [123I]hippuran in routine renal imaging, relative function, and transit time studies, but not for the accurate estimation of the renal plasma flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ocular radioimmunoscintigraphy: sensitivity and practical considerations.

Ocular radioimmunoscintigraphy was performed in 20 patients using 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody 225.28S, F(ab')2 fragments. Radioimmunoscintigraphy was positive in 13 patients and the diagnosis of ocular melanoma was confirmed by enucleation of the eye or clinical follow-up. Scintigraphy was positive in one patient with lymph node metastasis from an ocular melanoma. In six patients immunoscintigraphy was negative. Using this technique a sensitivity of 92.8% was achieved for detecting ocular melanomas. Single photon emission tomography helped to separate the lesions situated in the nasal quadrant of the eye from the adjacent nasopharyngeal activity. With appropriate imaging techniques small tumors of the order of 3 x 5 x 3 mm could be detected clearly.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Observations on the function of normal adrenomedullary tissue in patients with phaeochromocytomas and other paragangliomas.

123I-MIBG is a norepinephrine analogue used for imaging phaeochromocytomas and other paragangliomas. In this study 7 normal volunteers and 31 subjects with high or borderline high plasma catecholamine and urinary metanephrine and VMA levels were investigated. In the normals the uptake by the adrenal medulla was in the range of 0.01%-0.21% of the injected dose at 22 h. In 22 subjects there was no evidence for any paraganglioma, with the uptake by the adrenal medulla in the range of 0.01%-0.22% of the injected dose at 22 h. In nine patients there was evidence of a paraganglioma on imaging which was confirmed on surgery. The uptake by the tumours was in the order of 0.001%-0.14% of the injected dose per gram of tumour tissue. In all nine cases the non-tumorous adrenal medulla could be visualized; the uptake in the adrenals was in the range of 0.01%-0.21% of the injected dose. This study shows that in the presence of elevated plasma catecholamines of tumour origin the unaffected adrenal medullary tissue retains the capacity for 123I-MIBG uptake. In the two cases also studied by adrenal venous sampling, catecholamine release was also within the normal range.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1987

In vivo kinetics of 123I-labelled insulin: studies in normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus.

Radioactive tracer techniques using 131I- and 125I-insulin have been applied to study insulin metabolism. A simple method to label human insulin with 123I to a high specific activity is described. We have used this radiotracer to study insulin kinetics in vivo in normal subjects and in two groups of diabetic patients. The rate of decline in plasma radioactivity was shown to be significantly reduced in patients with diabetes. There were no significant differences in the time-activity profiles of liver and kidneys between the groups studied. This technique may provide insight into the mechanism of some forms of insulin resistance.

Adult↗