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Biomedical subjects

J Boomker

Publications and source records attributed to J Boomker.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A new filarial nematode (Onchocercidae) from warthogs (Phacochoerus aethiopicus) of the Kruger National Park.

Fifty-five warthogs [Phacochoerus aethiopicus (Suidae: Artiodactyla)] from the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, were examined for parasites. Adult filarial nematodes were found in lymphatic vessels adjacent to peripheral and visceral lymph nodes, and microfilariae were found in lymph nodes and circulating blood. Both the adult parasite and the microfilaria are described. Specific identification is pending confirmation and recovery of intact adult specimens and microfilariae identical to those described herein.

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PubMed1984

The helminths of various antelope species from Natal.

Helminth parasites were collected from 2 bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus, 2 red duiker, Cephalophus natalensis, 1 oribi, Ourebia ourebi, and 4 reedbuck, Redunca arundinum, that died or were culled in various parts of Natal. One trematode genus, 1 cestode genus and 12 nematode species were recovered. Haemonchus contortus. Ostertagia harrisi, Trichostrongylus capricola, Trichostrongylus vitrinus, Cooperia rotundispiculum and Setaria scalprum are new parasite records for the red duiker. Trichostrongylus colubriformis is a new parasite record for the oribi and Longistrongylus schrenki, Trichostrongylus falculatus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Dictyocaulus viviparus are recorded from the reedbuck for the first time. An unidentified paramphistome was also recovered from the reedbuck.

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PubMed1984

Parocooperia devossin. sp. (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from the bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus (Pallas, 1766).

A new species of Paracooperia Travassos, 1935 was found in the small intestines of 4 bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus (Pallas, 1766), and 3 greater kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros (Pallas, 1766), all culled in the Kruger National Park. The nematodes appear to be widespread in the Park, since the bushbuck originated from Skukuza in the central part of the Park, 2 of the 3 kudu from near Malelane in the south and the remaining kudu from Pafuri in the extreme north. The worms are named Paracooperia devossi after Dr V. de Vos of the Kruger National Park and can be differentiated from the closely related Paracooperia tragelaphi Gibbons & Khalil, 1980 by the single indistinct ridge on 1 of the branches of the spicules. Furthermore, the spicules end as fairly large ovoid knobs, and vulvar flaps are present in the females.

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PubMed1984

Parasites of South African freshwater fish. II. Redescription of the African species of the genus Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 (Trematoda: Gorgoderinae) and the description of a new species.

During 1980 a survey of the parasites of freshwater fish was conducted in the Sabie and Crocodile Rivers in the southern part of the Kruger National Park, Transvaal. A new species of Phyllodistomum, Braun, 1899, for which the name Phyllodistomum bavuri is proposed, was found in the urinary bladder of many of the catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), examined. The new species resembles Phyllodistomum linguale Odhner, 1902 and Phyllodistomum vanderwaali Prudhoe & Hussey, 1977, but may be differentiated from the former species in that the ovary and the vitellaria are smooth, while those of P. linguale are irregularly lobed. The ovary of P. vanderwaali is irregularly lobed while that of P. bavuri never has more than 3 indistinct lobes. In addition, P. bavuri is much larger than P. vanderwaali. P. bavuri is readily differentiated from the other 4 African species of Phyllodistomum, namely, Phyllodistomum spatula (Odhner, 1902), Phyllodistomum spatulaeforme (Odhner, 1902), Phyllodistomum ghanense Thomas, 1958 and Phyllodistomum symmetrorchis Thomas, 1958. For comparative purposes the African species are briefly redescribed and illustrated. P. bavuri occurred throughout the year and their numbers do not appear to fluctuate seasonally in the Kruger National Park.

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PubMed1984

Furunculosis in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) raised in sea water.

Ulcerative skin lesions were encountered in rainbow trout raised in sea water by a commercial concern in the Western Cape, South Africa. Grossly, the lesions resembled furunculosis but, histopathologically, they differed from typical furunculosis in that bacterial colonies were rarely found in the organs, and also the kidneys and spleens were minimally involved. The causative organism was identified as an achromogenic Aeromonas salmonicida that shared characteristics with all 3 subspecies, salmonicida, masoucida and achromogenes. This is the first report of an outbreak of this disease in South Africa.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1984

Nodular abomasitis in impala (Aepyceros melampus) caused by the nematode Longistrongylus sabie.

The periodic occurrence of nodular abomasitis associated with the trichostrongylid nematode Longistrongylus sabie was observed in impala lambs of the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa. The condition was seen predominantly in animals less than 1 yr of age. Peak incidences occurred in the spring and fall, when more than 50% of the lambs studied had from several to numerous nodules in their abomasal mucosae. The nodular lesions in the lambs were macroscopically larger than, but microscopically similar to, those observed in domestic ruminants with ostertagiosis; however, L. sabie worm burdens were much lower than those in clinical cases of ostertagiosis, and no evidence of diarrhea could be found in any of the lambs studied. The physical condition of lambs with moderate to severe nodular abomasitis did not differ noticeably from that of lambs with mild involvement or those without lesions. Nodular abomasitis caused by this parasite was of minimal significance to impala herds in the Park under the circumstances prevailing at the time of the study.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1983

Haemonchus contortus from the vaal ribbok, Pelea capreolus, and the bontebok, Damaliscus dorcas dorcas, in the Bontebok National Park.

During a survey of the parasites of antelope in the Bontebok National Park, Swellendam, Cape Province, specimens of Haemonchus contortus with exceptionally long spicules were recovered from 5 out of 8 bontebok, Damaliscus dorcas dorcas, and 3 out of 5 vaal ribbok, Pelea capreolus, but not from 4 springbok, Antidorcas marsupialis. Typically, H. contortus has spicules 0,466 +/- 0,085 mm long, but those recovered from vaal ribbok had spicules 0,581 +/- 0,02 mm long and were recovered in large numbers from this antelope only. This indicates that the nematode is probably a definitive parasite of vaal ribbok, and its occurrence in bontebok must be regarded as accidental.

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PubMed1983

The ixodid tick burdens of various large ruminant species in South African nature reserves.

The ixodid tick burdens of eland (Taurotragus oryx), greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), nyala (Tragelaphus angasi), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in the Kruger National Park, Transvaal; of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and nyala in the Hluhluwe Game Reserve, Natal; and of gemsbok (Oryx gazella) in the Mountain Zebra National Park, an eland in the Thomas Baines Nature Reserve and an eland and greater kudu in the Andries Vosloo Kudu Reserve, eastern Cape Province, were determined. The tick burdens of animals shot at the same time and locality are compared, and the attachment sites of some tick species on some of the hosts are given.

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PubMed1983

Some helminth and arthropod parasites of the grey duiker, Sylvicapra grimmia.

Sixteen grey duikers were culled on the farm Riekert 's Laager in the central Transvaal at irregular intervals from May 1979-March 1981. One trematode species, 3 cestode species and 16 nematode species were recovered from these animals. Of these the following are new helminth records for this antelope: Cooperia hungi , Cooperia neitzi , Cooperia pectinata , Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus falculatus , Trichostrongylus instabilis , Impalaia tuberculata , Nematodirus sp. and Paramphistomum sp. In addition, 6 species of ixodid ticks were collected. These, in order of abundance, were Amblyomma hebraeum (55,9%), Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (36,6%), Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (5,1%), Boophilus decoloratus (2,3%), Boophilus microplus (0,05%) and Haemaphysalis sp. (0,05%). Only 60 (2,8%) of the 2 118 ticks that were collected were adults. Of the 3 species of lice that were recovered, Linognathus zumpti zumpti was most abundant (58,9%), but, out of a total of 1 498 collected, 1 496 occurred on 1 animal only. Linognathus breviceps constituted 29,5% and Damalinia lerouxi 11,6% of the total. A total of 277 specimens of the hippoboscid fly Lipoptena paradoxa were collected from 12 of the 16 animals examined. Trends in the seasonal fluctuation of Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Impalaia , Lipoptena and the immature stages of Amblyomma and R. appendiculatus are graphically illustrated.

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PubMed1983

The efficacy of ivermectin against helminth and arthropod parasites of impala.

The efficacy of ivermectin, injected subcutaneously at a dosage rate of 200 mcg/kg live mass, was determined against nematodes, ixodid ticks and lice infestations acquired by free-living impala, Aepyceros melampus, in the Kruger National Park. Although the parasite burdens of the untreated control animals varied considerably, ivermectin appeared to be highly effective against 7 nematode species and effective against 3 others. Of the 4 tick species recovered, only Boophilus decoloratus appeared to have been affected. In the case of the lice infestations, ivermectin was highly effective against 3 species of Linognathus, but ineffective against the 2 Damalinia species present.

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PubMed1982

Parasites of South African freshwater fish. I. Some nematodes of the catfish [Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)] from the Hartbeespoort Dam.

A seasonal study of the parasites of fish in the Hartbeespoort Dam was undertaken in 1979. This paper deals with 4 nematode species recovered from catfish, namely, Paracamallanus cyathopharynx (Baylis, 1923), Procamallanus laeviconchus (Wedl, 1862), Contracaecum sp. and Skrjabinocara sp. Total numbers of parasites recovered are tabulated and their seasonal variation illustrated diagrammatically. Paracamallanus cyathopharynx was recovered from 23 out of 43 catfish examined and Procamallanus laeviconchus from 13, while Contracaecum sp. larvae were present in all the catfish. Skrjabinocara sp. was recovered from 1 catfish only, but it is not regarded as being parasitic in fish, as it was also recovered from 1 out of 4 cormorant examined. Paracamallanus cyathopharynx and Procamallanus laeviconchus are illustrated and the measurements of the Hartbeespoort Dam material compared with those given by various authors who recovered the same parasites from other fish species elsewhere in Africa.

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PubMed1982

Oak (Quercus rubor)poisoning in cattle.

Two outbreaks of oak poisoning in cattle in the Republic of South Africa are described. In the first outbreak 22 out of 80 head of cattle were severely affected while 40 out of a herd of 135 cattle were affected in the second outbreak. Of these 40, only one survived after 9 months despite vigorous treatment. Only young cattle under 2 years were affected during both outbreaks in spite of an average herd age of approximately 6 years in the second group of cattle. Clinical signs included severe weakness with a swaying gait, diarrhoea and dehydration. Some were pot bellied while others were emaciated and remained stunted. The most prominent macroscopic and microscopic lesion present in 3 animals autopsied, was a non-suppurative interstitial nephritis which was accompanied by oedema and ulceration of the caecum and colon. Histochemical studies were carried out on pigment granules observed in kidney sections.

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PubMed1982

Helminth and arthropod parasites of blesbok, damaliscus dorcas phillipsi, and of bontebok, Damaliscus dorcas dorcas.

The helminth burdens of 8 blesbok shot in the north-eastern Orange Free State, 8 from the eastern Cape Province, 28 from the eastern Transvaal and 3 from the central Transvaal were determined. In addition, the arthropod burdens of 11 of these animals were ascertained. Twenty-one nematode species, 2 cestode species, 6 ixodid ticks, 2 lice and the larvae of 5 oestrid flies were recovered. Three of the nematode species, 2 of the oestrid flies and 4 of the tick species had apparently not previously been recovered from blesbok. Thirty-one bontebok culled in the south-western Cape Province were examined for endoparasites and 8 of these animals were also examined for ectoparasites. They harboured 12 nematode species, 3 ixodid ticks, a louse and the larvae of an oestrid fly. In common with some of the blesbok they were parasitized by Dictyocaulus magnus, Longistrongylus curvispiculum, Trichostrongylus axei, Nematodirus spathiger and the larvae of a large Gedoelstia sp. Five of the nematode species, the larvae of the oestrid fly species and the 3 ixodid tick species had not previously been recorded from bontebok.

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PubMed1981

Strobiloestrus sp. larvae in cattle.

A number of calves and a two year-old heifer in the Middelburg District of the Transvaal were found to harbour Strobiloestrus sp. larvae in nodules along their sides. Each nodule contained a single larva and these larvae developed from the early second stage to the third stage during the 25 day period between the first and last visit to the district. A particular set of circumstances involving the presence of klipspringers, which are considered to be the normal hosts of Strobiloestrus clarkii, grazing practice, hair colour of the calves and tick control probably resulted in the cattle becoming infested. A pour-on formulation of an insecticide was highly effective against the larvae.

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PubMed1981

Paracooperioides peleae gen. et sp. n. (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from the vaal ribbok, Pelea capreolus (Forster, 1790).

A new genus and species of trichostrongylid nematode, Paracooperioides peleae, was collected from the small intestines of vaal ribbok, Pelea capreolus (Forster, 1790), from the bontebok National Park, Swellendam, Cape Province. These nematodes are small and slender with a small cephalic inflation. The cuticle bears numerous transverse striations which are more pronounced anteriorly. The dorsal ray is long and is similar to that of Gazellostrongylus Yeh, 1956, and Cooperioides hepaticae Ortlepp, 1938, but differs in that it bifurcates in its distal quarter, Each branch divides again, giving rise to a thinner, outer branch and a thicker inner branch. The latter recurves upon itself to form a small, elongated knob. The spicules of paracooperioides peleae resemble those of C. hepaticae but can be differentiated from them in that they bear small lateral barbs on their tips. Ten longitudinal ridges, supported by sclerotized rods, are present at the middle of the body. In transverse section, Paracooperiodes peleae is intermediate between Cooperioides Daubney, 1933 and Paracooperia travassos, 1935.

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PubMed1981

The haematology and histology of the haemopoietic organs of South African freshwater fish. III. The leucocytes, plasma cells and macrophages of Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon mossambicus.

The various leucocytes, plasma cells and macrophages are described and illustrated. Eosinophils and basophils are lacking in Clarias gariepinus but present in Sarotherodon mossambicus. The leucocytes of C. gariepinus resemble those found in mammals, as do the plasma cells and macrophages of both species. A possible mechanism for their formation is postulated.

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PubMed1981

The haemocytology and histology of the haemopoietic organs of South African freshwater fish. IV. Ultrastructure of some cells of Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon mossambicus.

This paper describes the ultrastructure of several cells found in the blood and haemopoietic tissues of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and the Mozambique bream (Sarotherodon mossambicus). The cells are haemocytoblasts, small lymphoid haemoblasts, thrombocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, developing and mature neutrophilic granulocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. The various organelles normally found in mammalian haemocytes, plasma cells and macrophages were observed in those of fish. With the exception of the mature erythrocytes, which resemble the normoblasts of mammals, the various cells show distinct similarities to those of other fish species as well as of mammals.

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