The metabolism of nicotine into two optically-active stereoisomers of nicotine-1'-oxide by animal tissues in vitro and by cigarette smokers.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Booth.
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1. N-Hydroxyacetamidoaryl compounds (hydroxamic acids) are metabolites of arylamides, and an enzyme that transfers the acetyl group from these derivatives to arylamines has been found in rat tissues. The reaction products were identified by thin-layer chromatography and a spectrophotometric method, with 4-amino-azobenzene as acetyl acceptor, was used to measure enzyme activity. 2. The acetyltransferase was in the soluble fraction of rat liver, required a thiol for maximum activity and had a pH optimum between 6.0 and 7.5. 3. The soluble fractions of various rat tissues showed decreasing activity in the following order: liver, adrenal, kidney, lung, spleen, testis, heart; brain was inactive. 4. With the exception of aniline and aniline derivatives all the arylamines tested were effective as acetyl acceptors but aromatic compounds with side-chain amino groups were inactive. 5. The N-hydroxyacetamido derivatives of 2-naphthylamine, 4-amino-biphenyl and 2-aminofluorene were active acetyl donors but N-hydroxyacetanilide showed only slight activity. Acetyl-CoA was not a donor. 6. Some properties of the enzyme are compared with those of other acetyltransferases.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging experiments have been used to investigate the degradation of drug-loaded poly(glycolic lactic acid) (PGLA) 50:50 cylinders. Spatial variation in the rate of degradation throughout the polymer cross-section has been observed non-invasively using quantitative imaging of penetrant concentration, T(2) and self-diffusion coefficient. This spatial variation in the rate of degradation was attributed to the quicker degradation in the inner region of the sample due to autocatalysis by carboxyl end groups generated upon ester bond cleavage.
This article presents a rationale for the introduction of primary nursing as the most suitable method of organisation in geriatric day hospitals. Working conditions, the status of the nurse within the multidisciplinary team and the opportunities afforded by primary nursing for enhancing the nurse-patient relationship are examined.
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The creation of a new role for an advanced nurse practitioner in cardiovascular medicine is being evaluated in a prospective randomised controlled trial--the study of nursing intervention in practice (SNIP).
Population-based epidemiological surveys of deliberate self harm (DSH) exclude homeless people and do not represent them in their conclusions. However, DSH in the homeless is commonly seen in inner city hospitals and the homeless are probably at higher risk of eventual suicide. We examined the demographic characteristics of all patients who presented to an inner London hospital after an episode of DSH over a period of three years and found that 15% of patients were of no fixed abode. Alternative methods of studying DSH need to be explored if suicide is to be prevented in this group of people.
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