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Biomedical subjects

J Bories

Publications and source records attributed to J Bories.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Intracerebral stenosing arteriopathies. Contribution of three radiological techniques to the diagnosis.

Fifty-one patients with intracerebral stenosing arteriopathy were studied by computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebral arteriography. Clinical symptoms were varied, included impaired cognitive functions, progressive neurological deficit, headache and vomiting, and were sometimes not suggestives of the diagnosis. CT scans of the brain were normal in 25 percent of the cases or they were not probative because of various and non-specific abnormalities (hypodensity of various types or haemorrhagic hyperdensity). MRI always showed abnormalities but in many cases the lesions observed on T2-weighted images consisted of non-specific focal areas of high-intensity signal in the white matter. High-intensity signals in both white matter and cortex seemed to be more suggestive of the diagnosis. In this as in other studies, arteriography therefore remains the reference examination for stenosing arteriopathies. Inflammatory, infectious and atheromatous processes are the main causes of these arterial lesions. The aetiological value of radiological examinations is poor, and in most cases the morphology and distribution of the lesions does not point to any specific origin. However, herpes zoster arteritis usually affects the proximal segments of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries and spares the carotid siphon.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Medical treatment of inoperable malignant glioma. Non-superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with HECNU followed by conventional radiotherapy].

Forty-six cases of non-surgical malignant glioma were treated by several repeated infusion of non-superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy using HECNU, followed by conventional radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was well tolerated immediately. Good responses rate was 46% for the whole group, but was higher in anaplastic astrocytomas (71%) than in glioblastomas (43%). The median survival for responders was 17 months, and clinical improvement was observed in a large majority of them. Later, neurological or ophthalmological ipsilateral complications of varying severity were observed in 8.7% and 15% of the cases respectively. Despite these complications the treatment was generally well tolerated and gave in responders a longer survival with better comfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pseudotumoral spinal cord dilatation during multiple sclerosis. 2 cases with magnetic resonance imaging].

We report 2 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of a medullary lesion. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using surface coils showed a volume increase of the spinal cord. Multiple sclerosis (MS) was suspected on the clinical evolution, the cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal pattern in one case and the return of the cervical cord to an almost normal calibre on successive MRI. This diagnosis was further supported by the results of encephalic MRI. Such a pseudotumoral aspect of the spinal cord in MS has rarely been reported, and probably has been underestimated. MS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of localised enlargement of the spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Iohexol in studies of the spinal canal. Multicenter study].

The author presents the results of a multicentric study of Iohexol in investigation of the spinal canal undertaken at the request of Winthrop Laboratories in 32 Radiological departments. The study involved 329 adults of both sexes. It confirmed the excellent quality of results obtained with this preparation in the literature and its excellent tolerance. On the basis of these results Iohexol may be considered to be definitely one of the best currently available preparations for investigation of the spinal canal.

Female↗
PubMed1988

MR imaging of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations at 0.5 T: study of 34 cases.

Thirty-four patients with angiographically proved arteriovenous malformations of the spinal cord were studied between May 1986 and July 1987. Examinations were performed on a CGR 5000 Magniscan 0.5-T scanner with a surface coil in all cases, and multislices in both T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained in sagittal and axial planes. The results showed that MR can accurately diagnose all cases of intramedullary arteriovenous malformations, since transverse images were able to precisely locate the nidus within the spinal cord. Other types of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations were also studied (perimedullary fistulae and dural arteriovenous fistula), and the findings confirmed the value of MR in the characterization of these lesions as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Comparison of the EEG and computerized tomography findings in 500 patients hospitalized in the neurology clinic of the Salpêtrière].

A comparative EEG and CT scan Study of 500 inpatients was performed. Patients were divided into four groups: 82 patients (16.5%) had normal EEG and CT scan; 92 patients (18.5%) had normal EEG but abnormal CT scan; 75 patients (15%) had abnormal EEG and normal CT scan; 251 patients (50%) had both EEG and pathologic CT scan alterations. Among the 500 patients, 326 EEG (65%) and 343 CT scan (69%) were abnormal. In 167 cases (33%) only one examination was abnormal. This finding may be considered as indicative of the complementary role for both techniques. For each group, the main clinical features were underlined: objective neurologic syndrome, seizures, psychiatric conditions, subjective complaint and headache. In groups with a pathologic CT scan and pathologic EEG, a percentage of 74 showed a clear neurological nosology. In 41% of these patients, lateralisation and localisation were much easier, owing to the presence of a single lesion. This study emphasised that electroencephalography is useful in temporal pathologies and in determination of the epileptic frame, whereas CT scan is useful in subcortical lesions in fronto-parietal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Local cerebral glucose utilisation in chronic alcoholics: a positron tomographic study.

Using positron tomography, a study of regional cerebral glucose utilisation was performed prospectively in a highly selected group of six neurologically unaffected primary chronic alcoholics. In this group, neuropsychological, behavioural and CT scan anomalies were comparable with those previously reported in more extensive studies. With respect to age-matched control values, cerebral metabolic rate was not significantly modified in the selected cortical, subcortical and cerebellar regions of interest. However, the metabolic regional distribution index, which reflects the distribution pattern of glucose utilisation, was selectively and significantly decreased in the medio-frontal area, pointing to a limbic metabolic dysfunction apparently linked to chronic alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of the extracranial vertebral artery (20 cases).

Spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery is an infrequent cause of vertebro basilar ischemic strokes. Previously reported cases concern essentially occlusion of the basilar artery. Only 14 cases of spontaneous dissecting aneurysm concern the extracranial vertebral artery among these eight were angiographically documented. In this study based upon 15 patients (20 dissecting aneurysms), the authors discuss etiological factors, such as hypertension or fibromuscular dysplasia: on clinical findings they insist upon the diagnostic value of preliminary symptoms, cervical pain or posterior headaches; the most frequent angiographic appearance was a long and irregular stenosis of one or two segments of the vertebral artery. The prognosis of these aneurysms most often appears favourable in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

CT in hemispheric ischaemic attacks.

The authors report the three principal characteristics of hemispheric ischaemic attacks on CT scan and their development over time: hypodensity, mass effect and contrast enhancement. Their pathophysiological mechanism and prognostic importance are discussed. The topography of the territories of the large arteries vascularising the brain and their main branches is described on the basis of twelve sections cut parallel to the cantho-meatal line. Finally, selected special aspects are described (misleading aspects, haemorrhagic infarcts, border zone infarcts).

Brain↗
PubMed1985

X-ray computed tomography (CT) study of small, deep and recent infarcts (SDRIs) of the cerebral hemispheres in adults. Preliminary and critical report.

The evolution of CT signs of small, deep infarcts of the cerebral hemispheres in thirty adults, in the first five weeks, has been retrospectively studied. The relevant literature has been reviewed and an attempt has been made to present a synthesis, accompanied by a commentary. It is impossible now to give the frequency of each type of evolution, but the main data are as follows: The shortest delay of visibility of an hypodense area is about 17 to 19 h, but at 27 h the densities may still be normal. The evolution of the hypodense area is also variable: after a minimum attenuation is reached--at approximately 72 h--there is a risk of "fogging effect", which reduces the visibility of ischemic lesions; it could be seen from the end of the 1st week to the beginning of the 4th, but its frequency and its duration have yet to be better determined. In our series, contrast enhancement has been found in the gray matter of the basal ganglia between the 8th and the 22nd days--but according to some observations recorded in the literature, it may be found from the second to the twenty sixth day--and there was no obvious contrast enhancement in the white matter. The significance of the evolving CT signs is discussed in connection with the clinical applications, principally in the management of these patients, and with the attempts to correlate the clinical and CT findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral angiography in ischemic strokes.

Angiography remains a very important means of evaluation of ischemic strokes: it confirms the diagnosis showing the occluded artery. It eventually shows the anastomotic pathways for cerebral circulation and it often finds the causes of stroke, among which the most frequent are atherosclerosis (70%) and fibromuscular hyperplasia (10%). The safer way to perform angiography is the retrograde route. Indications for angiography must be discussed according to the type of stroke, its onset, and the arterial territory involved.

Arteritis↗