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Biomedical subjects

J Boscarino

Publications and source records attributed to J Boscarino.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

A community study of formal pastoral counseling activities of the clergy.

Although the clergy have been identified as a major community mental health resource, few epidemiologic studies of clergy practices have been conducted. The authors report a comprehensive survey of the counseling activities of clergy groups serving south-central Connecticut. They found that the clergy were a heterogeneous counseling group and that the counseling activities of many were extremely limited, although all were experienced with "troubled individuals". In recent years pastoral counselors have separated from their parishes and emerged as a psychotherapy profession. In contrast, certain parish-based clergy, especially the black clergy, have functioned as a major mental health resource to communities with limited access to professional mental health care.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1981

Current excessive drinking among Vietnam veterans: a comparison with other veterans and non-veterans.

Analysis of recent data collected in a 1977 U.S. national epidemiologic study of substance abuse revealed that Vietnam veterans (N=87) had substantially higher levels of alcohol consumption and binge drinking, than comparable groups of Vietnam "era" veterans with no Vietnam service (N=107), other veterans (N=483), and nonveterans (N=2,600). Vietnam veterans and Vietnam era veterans also had a somewhat higher level of drug abuse than expected for individuals from similar social backgrounds. Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) was the technique used to adjust for demographic differences between these four groups. The results of these analyses reinforced previous research findings and substantiated the President's Commission on Mental Health, which speculated that alcohol abuse may become a special health problem among this population. Since evidence for "post-traumatic" or delayed stress among Vietnam veterans has been culminating, and some research has indicated a link between stress and increased alcohol consumption, it was suggested that the drinking pattern found among this Vietnam veteran sample may be a symptom of post-traumatic stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Patterns of alcohol among veterans and nonveterans: a confirmation of previous findings.

Analysis of alcohol consumption among veterans (N = 684) included in a 1977 national household survey of 3,322 adults confirmed previous findings based on 1975 national survey data. As previously found, higher levels of alcohol consumption were significantly related to being a veteran of U.S. military service. However, when demographic differences were adjusted between veterans and nonveterans, this was no longer the case. It was suggested that this confirmation of earlier findings strengthens the validity of these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Alcoholism in VA inpatient facilities: some implications of the VA patient census.

The 1977 patient census, conducted by the Veterans Administration in all its inpatient facilities, indicated that 21.1% of the VA patients were diagnosed as alcoholic by their attending physician or professional designee. The highest prevalence was found in VA domiciliaries (27.9%) and the lowest in VA nursing homes (13.5%). VA hospitals fell in between these with a prevalence of 21.2%. The differences in prevalence between these facilities appeared to be due to the different patients being treated in them. Also the majority of patients diagnosed as alcoholic were admitted to VA facilities for alcoholism-related medical problems (84.2%) and were under care for such disorders at the time of the survey (83.1%). As expected from previous research, men had a higher prevalence than women, age groups from 36 to 55 years had a higher prevalence than other age groups, and unmarried patients had a higher prevalence than married ones. Initially there was no overall difference in prevalence across racial, regional, and ethnic groups. However, after controlling for age and marital status, differences emerged across region and ethnicity. For example, the South had a somewhat lower prevalence in the 18-35 and the over 55 age groups. Spanish veterans had a substantially high prevalence in the 18-35 age group for both married and unmarried patients. Based on these and other independent research findings, it was concluded that the prevalence of alcoholism in VA inpatient facilities was probably no higher than expected given the sex, age, and socioeconomic status of its patient population, together with the inclusiveness of VA medical services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A national survey of Alcoholism Treatment Centers in the United States--a preliminary report.

This report presents the preliminary results of a national survey of Alcoholism Treatment Centers (ATCs). The data were collected through mail-return questionnaires. The sample was selected from a very comprehensive current listing of facilities known to treat alcoholic patients, which was provided by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The completion rate was high, with about 75% of all eligible ATCs responding. This report presents data on 396 ATCs which returned the questionnaire. These data indicated that ATCs were fairly active, with each treating and/or referring about 818 patients on the average per year. The facilities employed a broad range of treatment regimens, but the services of AA were quite widespread. As expected, the most common full-time treatment personnel were alcohol counselors. There was only 1 full-time psychiatrist for every three ATCs. The demographic profile of patients at these ATCs matched the known profile of ATC patients, which reinforces the validity of the obtained sample. Additional data were presented on the source of patient referrals to ATCs. These data revealed that the most common source of patient referrals were criminal justice agencies (22.5%), closely followed by self-referrals (21.9%). In addition, specific types of referrals were associated with patients from different demographic backgrounds.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1980

Factors related to "stable" and "unstable" affiliation with alcoholics anonymous.

The study suggests that A.A. affiliates who are among the more seriously impaired when they come to A.A. tend to make less stable members of this organization. Also, affiliates who are younger, male, lower in SES, have more slips, are in A.A. shorter time, and less involved in A.A. activities tend to be less stable members. Implications for treatment are suggested.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Characteristics of patients referred to Alcoholism Treatment Centers.

Data collected in a pilot study of 57 Alcoholism Treatment Centers were used to test the hypothesis that different racial, age, and sex groups were associated with different referral sources. Regression analysis was used to predict types of referral from specific demographic groups. The analysis confirmed the hypothesis, suggesting a possible discriminatory referral process.

Adult↗