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Biomedical subjects

J Boza

Publications and source records attributed to J Boza.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Body composition of goat kids during sucking. Voluntary feed intake.

The body composition of thirty-eight Granadina goat kids was measured. Six animals were slaughtered at birth while the remainder were kept individually at an environmental temperature of 24 +/- 2 degrees and a relative humidity of 60 +/- 5%. They were given goat's milk or a milk-substitute at two planes of nutrition until 15 or 30 d of age and then slaughtered. The goat's milk and milk-substitute contained 260.4 and 222.0 g digestible protein/kg and 23.23 and 20.85 MJ metabolizable energy/kg respectively. Voluntary feed intake as metabolizable energy was a function of metabolic body-weight (kg W0.75), equivalent to 2.42 and 2.44 times the energy requirement for maintenance for goat's milk- and milk-substitute-fed animals respectively. There was a high degree of correlation between the empty-body concentration of dry matter, fat and energy and empty-body-weight (P less than 0.001) or animal age (P less than 0.001), and between body-weight and animal age (P less than 0.001). The relationships between empty-body composition and empty-body-weight were independent of type of milk or plane of nutrition. In contrast relationships between empty-body composition or empty-body-weight and animal age were affected by the type of milk and, over all, by the plane of nutrition. All these results show that in these animals any body-weight will have a similar composition, but it will be reached earlier or later depending on dietary regimen and always with the limitation of voluntary intake.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1990

Influence of several feeds on bacteria in sheep and goat rumen liquor in vitro.

Bacteriological studies were made with in vitro sheep and goat ruminal fluids supplemented with several feeds (alfalfa hay, wheat straw, Agave americana, Opuntia ficus indica and Atriplex nummularia) during anaerobic incubation at 38-39 degrees C. Drastic changes in the bacterial population of sheep ruminal fluids occurred in the presence of different feeds, particularly with addition of feeds of low nutritional quality (wheat straw, A. americana and O. ficus indica). However, the bacterial population in goat rumen liquor was little affected by the addition of the same feeds. These results, which suggest that the rumen bacteria in goats are less affected by different nutritional conditions than the rumen bacteria in sheep, are discussed.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influences of postnatal age and dietary nucleotides on plasma fatty acids in the weanling rat.

Dietary nucleotides seem to play a number of physiologic roles during early life. They are improved in the maintenance of the immune system, intestinal maturation, and lipid metabolism. Nucleotides affect the conversion of essential fatty acids into their long-chain polyunsaturated (PUFA) derivatives in both preterm and at-term newborn infants. This work examines the effect of postnatal age and dietary nucleotides on the fatty acid composition of total plasma lipids and lipid fractions in the rat. Weanling rats (21 days old) were divided into three groups. The first group was killed, and the other two groups were fed a standard semipurified diet, and the same diet supplemented with 250 mg each of CMP, UMP, AMP, GMP, and IMP per 100 g of diet for 4 weeks. Advancing postnatal age led to an increase of total plasma fatty acids, especially saturated, and PUFA of the n-6 series, whereas PUFA of the n-3 series decreased. The fatty acid profile of plasma phospholipids (PL) exhibited minor changes, although there was a tendency to show lower levels of saturates and PUFA of the n-3 series and increased levels of PUFA of the n-6 series. Cholesteryl esters showed a response similar to that of PL, although the increase in arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) was significant. For triglycerides, linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and monounsaturates increased their levels, whereas saturates decreased. Dietary nucleotides mediated a significant increase in total plasma fatty acids, namely monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFA of both n-6 and n-3 series as compared with the control group. The relative fatty acid composition of PL and cholesteryl esters was mostly unaffected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of casein and casein hydrolysate diets on nutritional recovery of starved rats.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two diets, which differed in their protein source (casein and casein hydrolysate), on the nutritional recovery and intestinal repair of undernourished rats at weaning after a 3-day fasting period. Profound alterations in gut structure and signs of malnutrition appeared after the starvation period. METHODS: The casein hydrolysate was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration. Rats were refed the casein-based or the casein hydrolysate-based diet for 96 hours. Normal-fed male Wistar rats at weaning were given the casein diet for 7 days and were used as controls. Liver acetylcholinesterase, glutamate dehydrogenase activities, serum amino acid profiles, jejunal oligosaccharidases, alkaline phosphatase, and leucine aminopeptidase activities were studied. Intestinal permeability to intact proteins was also tested by using ovalbumin and measuring its concentration in serum. RESULTS: Intestinal and liver enzyme activities and serum amino acid profiles reached normal values after 96 hours of refeeding, regardless of the diet used. Glutamate dehydrogenase activity remained higher in both diet groups. Intestinal permeability to ovalbumin remained significantly increased only in the group refed the casein diet. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that 4 days of refeeding are sufficient for complete intestinal recovery after fasting, provided the dietary protein source is a casein hydrolysate. We suggest that patients with malnutrition or malabsorption syndrome should be fed formula composed of enzymatic protein hydrolysates (because of their low antigenicity) rather than enteral formulas composed of intact proteins.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Il-10 expression is involved in the regulation of the immune response by omega 3 fatty acids].

INTRODUCTION: Polyunsaturated fatty acids play a key role in a huge number of biological functions. Western diets are highly rich in w-6 fatty acids. However the content of w-3 fatty acids is not suitable in those diets, despite of their importance in normal development of the human body and regulation of immune response. The aim of this work is to examine the effect of w-3 fatty acids enriched diet in the regulation of inflammatory response. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed either w-6 fatty acids rich diet (100% sunflower oil) or w-3 fatty acids fortified diet (12% fish oil plus 88% sunflower oil) during 28 days. Twelve hours prior to sacrifice, the mice were treated with 2,4-ninitro-1-fluorobezene on the left ear to induce the inflammatory reaction. Afterwards the mice were sacrificed and the different samples collected were analized. RESULTS: Ear inflammation of mice fed the w-3 diet was significantly lower. Leukocyte infiltration and oxidative stress were also lower in those mice. To explain these results, cytokine expression and plasma eicosanoid concentration were measured. An increase in IL-10 levels and a down regulation of Th1 and Th2 responses were observed in mice fed the w-3 diet. CONCLUSION: Not only n-3 fatty acids exerts an antiinflammatory and an antialergical role but also they enhance some of the organism defenses. Our data suggest that w-3 fatty acids downregulate the inflammatory response by enhancing IL10 expression.

Animals↗