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Biomedical subjects

J Brandes

Publications and source records attributed to J Brandes.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of rofecoxib in the acute treatment of migraine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical profile of rofecoxib, a long-acting (approximately 17-hour half-life) selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, for the acute treatment of migraine. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted. Patients age > or =18 treated a moderate or severe migraine headache with placebo (n = 182), rofecoxib 25 mg (n = 183), or rofecoxib 50 mg (n = 192). The primary efficacy measure was headache relief (mild or no pain) 2 hours after dose. RESULTS: The proportions of patients with migraine headache relief at 2 hours after dose were 34.3% for placebo, 54.0% for rofecoxib 25 mg (p < 0.001 vs placebo), and 56.7% for rofecoxib 50 mg (p < 0.001 vs placebo). Rofecoxib 25 and 50 mg were superior to placebo in providing pain freedom at 2 hours, 24-hour sustained headache relief, and 24-hour sustained pain freedom; in reducing photophobia, phonophobia, nausea (50 mg only), and functional disability at 2 hours after dose; and in improving some quality-of-life scores over 24 hours. More patients on rofecoxib 50 mg reported adverse events (39.6%) than patients on rofecoxib 25 mg (26.8%) or placebo (23.6%) regardless of drug relatedness; however, the incidences of drug-related adverse events were similar between treatment groups. These adverse events were generally mild or moderate in severity. The most commonly reported adverse events were dry mouth, dizziness, somnolence, nausea, dyspepsia, paresthesia, and asthenia, with similar incidences between treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Rofecoxib 25 and 50 mg were effective and generally well tolerated for the acute treatment of migraine attacks.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Impact of migraine on patients and their families: the Migraine And Zolmitriptan Evaluation (MAZE) survey--Phase III.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of migraine on migraineurs and their families and evaluate migraineurs' preference for different treatment formulations. This study also assessed the prevalence and impact of migraine with menstruation. METHODS: Participants (n = 1028) from around the world (USA [39%], Canada [20%], Europe [37%] and other countries [4%]) completed an online questionnaire. Of these, 866 were migraineurs and 162 were non-migraineurs living with/related to migraineurs. Migraineurs were identified based on responses to a modified Kiel questionnaire and/or diagnosis of migraine by a doctor. Disability was quantified using the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS). RESULTS: Migraineurs missed more days from family/leisure activities than from work/school (mean 4.2 vs 2.4 days) in the previous 3 months. On an additional 6.2 days within the 3-month period, productivity at work/school was reduced by at least half. Inability and reduced ability (by at least half) to perform household work were reported on 6.0 and 6.5 days, respectively. Of the women surveyed, 51% identified menstruation as a trigger for attacks and 6% reported attacks solely with menstruation (i. e. attacks occurred during menstruation on at least 9 out of 10 occasions), the latter associated with a higher pain score than other attacks. Living with or being related to a migraineur decreased nonmigraineurs' ability to participate in home/family life (moderate/great impact 49%) and social/leisure activities (moderate/great impact 47%). In a tradeoff analysis, 60% of treatment choice was driven by formulation type and 40% was driven by speed of onset. As migraine disability increased, speed of onset became more important. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the significant burden of migraine on patients and families/cohabitants, highlighting not only reduced productivity and absences from work/school, but also time missed from family/social occasions. Many women identify menstruation to be associated with more painful attacks. Overall, in terms of treatment choice, formulation type was a more important driver than speed of onset; however, as migrainerelated disability escalates, speed of onset becomes more important. To optimise migraine management, treatment choice should be based on individual patients' needs and preferences.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

A review of urea and creatinine kinetics in predicting CAPD outcome.

The adequacy of the peritoneal dialysis prescription is of great concern. Although the use of urea kinetics has become the standard in hemodialysis, its usefulness in peritoneal dialysis is unclear. It has been suggested that creatinine clearance may correlate with clinical outcome in CAPD but, as with urea kinetics, its predictive value is not established. The efficacy number (EN), which only requires a four hour exchange, was introduced as a simpler approach to creatinine kinetics. These three kinetic models were correlated to clinical outcome in 18 stable CAPD patients over a 12 month study period. The patients were divided into three groups: good (G), intermediate (I), and poor (P) based on uremic symptoms, mortality, hospital days, biochemical indices and the need for transfer to hemodialysis. Both forms of creatinine kinetics (weekly creatinine clearance, EN) were able to differentiate between the G, I, and P outcome groups (P < 0.05). The weekly uea Kt/V was able to differentiate between the G and P groups (P < 0.05) but not between the I and the other two outcome groups. Both urea and creatinine kinetics predict clinical outcome in CAPD. However, creatinine kinetics may be a more sensitive predictor. The efficacy number was just as sensitive as creatinine clearance in predicting clinical outcome yet simpler to gather the data for its calculation.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1991

Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst detection by transvaginal sonography: the great imitator.

The sonograms of 102 hemorrhagic ovarian cysts (HOC) were reviewed to ascertain the full spectrum of sonographic findings as visualized by transvaginal sonography (TVS). The diagnoses, in 11 cases, were proven by surgery and the rest have undergone conservative follow-up until resolution (clinically and sonographically). The accurate diagnosis of HOCs by transabdominal sonography is quite difficult. The appearance of these cysts as visualized by TVS is described. We advise TVS as a better means for identification of HOCs, thus decreasing the rate of diagnostic invasive procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Metastatic brain tumor following negative second-look operation for ovarian carcinoma.

Three patients with stage III ovarian cancer had brain metastases following aggressive chemotherapy with Platinol and Adriamycin, and negative second-look surgery. The possibility of brain metastasis following complete control of intraperitoneal ovarian disease should be considered in patients with neurological symptoms.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

Immunofluorescent studies of the endometrial arteries in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Endometrial spiral arteries from curetted endometrium of 110 first-trimester pregnancies were studied by immunofluorescent (IF) technics using antibodies against human G, M, and A immunoglobulins, C3, C4, and fibrinogen. Heavy deposition of C3 in the arterial walls was found in 16 (14.6%) cases. Immunoglobulins, C4, and fibrinogen were found in only a few cases, and their staining was weak and not considered in this study. There was also a statistically significant (P less than 0.01) higher deposition of C3 in arterial walls of primipara (14 of 52), as compared to multipara (2 of 58). The possible mechanisms of C3 deposition and the importance of the higher incidence of this deposition in primipara are discussed in relation to suggested immunologic pathogenetic alterations in preeclampsia.

Arteries↗
PubMed1984

Vascular changes of endometrium in early pregnancy.

Spiral arteries, from curetted endometrium, of first-trimester pregnancies, were examined in 342 consecutive cases, comprising 150 primigravida and 192 multigravida . Vascular changes, similar to the "acute atherosis ," described at the end of pregnancy in preeclamptic women, were found. Primigravida had a statistically higher incidence of vascular changes than multigravida . The light microscopic changes were those of intimal proliferation with the presence of foam cells. These intimal cells were mostly myofibroblasts. Mucopolysaccharides also were found in the intima by both light microscopy and ultrastructural studies. The possible importance of the finding of vascular changes in spiral arteries in early pregnancy is discussed.

Arteries↗
PubMed1981

The ultrastructure of the interface between a glass ceramic and bone.

The interface of alkali-poor glass ceramic implanted in femora of male Sprague-Dawley rats shows soft tissue, chondroid, osteoid, and bone in connection with the implant. The ultrastructure of the interface with soft tissue mainly exhibits a corrosion process, during which the dissolution of the crystalline phase of the glass ceramic precedes the dissolution of the glassy phase. Macrophages are involved in this process phagocytosing debris of the glassy phase and removing as well as dissolving the remainders of the glass ceramic. Under circumstances not yet fully understood, the corrosion stops, and ground substance like material is deposited, which can be, at least partially, mineralized. After the disappearance of macrophages, chondroblasts, and/or osteoblasts lay down collagen fibrils and ground substance in which matrix vesicles are discernible, representing initial foci of mineralization. Areas with bone connection display collagen fibers and deposits of apatite crystals in close relationship to the bulk glass ceramic as well as small particles mainly derived from the glassy phase of the implant, providing the micromorphological substrate for the shearing and tensile strength of the interface between glass ceramic and bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Primary mineralization and extracellular matrix vesicles in rat bone after administration of glass-ceramic implants.

Glass-ceramic implants were administered into cavities prepared in rat femoral shaft. Electron microscope examination revealed formation of collagenous rich matrix in the implant-bone interface. Features typical to primary mineralization as well as bone and implant resorption were present in the interface. Primary mineralization was characterized by the occurrence of active forming cells, extracellular matrix vesicles and calcifying calcospheritic structures. Intensive primary mineralization in association with the implants indicates that glass-ceramic may be stimulative to ossification, allowing favorable tissue-implant relationship.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical study of meproscillarin rates of inactivation and persistence, bioavailability and maintenance dose].

With a rate of inactivation of about 40% and a bioavailability of about 70% corresponding approximately to that of digoxin 14-hydroxy-3beta-[(4-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)oxy]-14beta-bufa-4,20,22-trienolide (meproscillarin, Clift) is--according to our results--a new therapeutic possibility for cardiac decompensated patients, especially in the presence of renal failure. The number of side effects was low. Occasionally diarrhoea occurred which, however, only in a few cases required treatment or discontinuance of therapy.

Aged↗