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Biomedical subjects

J Breiter

Publications and source records attributed to J Breiter.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Long-term prevention of erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease relapse with rabeprazole 10 or 20 mg vs. placebo: results of a 5-year study in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition requiring long-term maintenance treatment. However, few trials of proton pump inhibitors in maintaining healing of erosive or ulcerative GERD are conducted for longer than 1 year. AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of 10- and 20-mg rabeprazole with placebo in the 5-year maintenance of healing in patients previously diagnosed with erosive/ulcerative GERD healed in an acute efficacy trial. METHODS: Patients (N = 497) were randomized to receive once-daily doses of 10- or 20-mg rabeprazole or placebo. The primary efficacy measure was endoscopically documented absence of oesophageal erosions or ulcerations. RESULTS: After 5 years, relapse rates in both rabeprazole groups were significantly lower than with placebo (rabeprazole 20 mg, 11%; 10 mg, 23%; placebo, 63%; P < 0.001 for rabeprazole vs. placebo; P = 0.005 for rabeprazole 20 mg vs. 10 mg). Both rabeprazole doses were significantly superior to placebo in preventing relapse of heartburn frequency and improving patient quality of life. Analyses of adverse events, biopsy findings and laboratory values showed no evidence of clinically significant effects. CONCLUSIONS: Five-year maintenance therapy with rabeprazole is effective in preventing relapse of erosive or ulcerative GERD and is well tolerated.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2000

Rabeprazole for the prevention of recurrent erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Rabeprazole Study Group.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of rabeprazole 10 mg and 20 mg versus placebo for the prevention of endoscopically demonstrable relapse in patients previously diagnosed with erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) who had no oesophageal erosions or ulcerations at study entry. The study also assessed the effectiveness of rabeprazole in preventing GORD symptom recurrence and reductions in quality of life. DESIGN/METHODS: The trial used a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design and enrolled 288 male and female outpatients of > or =18 years of age. Patients were assigned to treatment with either rabeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg once daily in the morning (QAM) or placebo and followed for 52 weeks. RESULTS: Both rabeprazole doses were significantly more effective than placebo in preventing endoscopically demonstrable GORD relapse (P<0.001 versus placebo). The cumulative relapse rate for rabeprazole 10 mg at week 52 was 23%; for rabeprazole 20 mg, 14%; and for placebo, 71%. Both rabeprazole doses were also significantly superior to placebo in preventing relapse of heartburn frequency (P<0.001 for all comparisons between rabeprazole and placebo), with no significant differences between the two doses. Rabeprazole was also significantly more effective than placebo in preventing relapse of day-and night-time heartburn severity, maintaining overall patient well-being, and reducing antacid use. Both rabeprazole doses were well tolerated; most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate. There were no clinically significant changes in clinical laboratory values, thyroid function tests, vital signs, or electrocardiograms. CONCLUSION: Once-daily treatment with rabeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg is effective and well tolerated in preventing relapse of erosive or ulcerative GORD and associated symptoms and maintaining quality of life.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1983

The effect of stirring of the luminal solution on the protection of the rat intestinal mucosa during ischemic injury.

Segments of rat ileum made ischemic for 15 min by occlusion of their mesenteric vessels were intraluminally perfused at slow and rapid rates with Krebs buffer containing O2, O2 + glucose or nitrogen. Mucosal leucine influx was measured at the end of the ischemic period. O2 and O2 with glucose provided protection against the ischemic injury, particularly when the stirring of the luminal solution was increased. Rapid perfusion in the absence of oxygen or glucose also protected the intestine probably by rinsing the ischemic gut of noxious agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Thin layer chromatographic screening for methaqualone, phenothiazines, opiates and benzodiazepines.

A method is described which permits the simultaneous detection of methaqualone, phenothiazines, opiates and benzodiazepines in urine. Its diagnostic application is discussed. After cleavage of conjugates with hydrochloric acid, the substances are extracted and identified by thin-layer chromatography. In most cases analysis can be carried out using 2 solvent systems, phenothiazines, methaqualone and opiates being visualised using a three stage spray sequence. Since phenothiazines can interfere with the detection of methaqualone, a specific eluant is used to ensure reliable detection of the latter. Methaqualone can be positively identified by its characteristic metabolite pattern, whereas phenothiazines can only be detected as a group.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1978

[Column extraction analysis in pharmacology and toxicology (author's transl)].

The extraction of lipophilic compounds from body fluids is preferably performed with a new procedure, the Extrelut-column extraction. The aqueous solution is applied onto the column and remains as the stationary phase on the porous support material. On elution with organic solvents lipophilic substances are extracted from the aqueous phase into the eluent. The method offers several advantages: No formation of emulsions, saving of solvents, high recovery rates and purer extracts than are obtained using conventional extraction. Three examples of application are described: A barbiturate determination from blood and serum, which is highly simplified compared with the conventional extraction. The isolation of basic compounds from blood using extraction and simultaneous purification by means of coupled extraction and absorption columns. A thin-layer chromatographic screening procedure for drugs in urine including column extraction.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1975

Staphylococcal micrococcins. II. Isolation, purification and identification.

Seven strains belonging to the Micrococcaceae family and excreting substances with antibiotic activity, were grown in submerged cultures on technical scale for isolation, purification and identification of biologically active compounds. Two basic substances were isolated and classified to the micrococcin antibiotics family. The naturally occurring mixture of micrococcin M1 and M3 was called micrococcin M. This antibiotic has the formula C48H50O11N12S6 and a molecular weight of about 1160, melting point 221--224 degrees C, and optical rotation [a]20/D = + 66.6. Other antibiotically active substances produced by seven investigated strains were identified as micrococcin M or as separate compounds. Comparison with previously described micrococcin and micrococcin P has been made.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of column extraction: a new procedure for the analysis of drugs in body fluids.

A method is described for the extraction of drugs from body fluids, whereby liquid-liquid extraction is replaced by liquid-solid elution. The aqueous sample is absorbed on a column filled with dry supporting material. By elution with organic solvents lipophilic substances are extracted from the water phase which remains on the column. The eluate containing the drugs is free of emulsions. For optimal extraction any pH value and a variety of solvents can be used. Column extraction of urine, serum and blood is easily performed and gives high recovery rates, which are superior to conventional extraction. Thin layer chromatography of drugs following conventional XAD-2 and column extraction, demonstrates identical qualitative results, but shows higher purity of the column extracts. The sensitivity of detection is enhanced.

Body Fluids↗