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Biomedical subjects

J Brochner-Mortensen

Publications and source records attributed to J Brochner-Mortensen.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Minor influence of parathyroid hormone on fractional tubular reabsorption of phosphate in chronic renal failure.

In untreated patients with chronic renal failure and glomerular filtration rates (GFR) between 10 and 25 ml/min the decrease in fractional tubular reabsorption of phosphate was correlated to the degree of secondary hyperparathyroidism. This correlation was not found in patients with GFR below 10 ml/min. During treatment with 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol for 11 weeks: a) serum parathyroid hormone concentration decreased in all patients on average 60%, and was normal in 5 patients after treatment b) fractional tubular reabsorption of phosphate decreased significantly (on average 0.21) c) glomerular filtration rate decreased significantly (on average 27.5%). Since the reduction (or normalization) of serum parathyroid hormone concentration did not increase the fractional tubular reabsorption of phosphate, other (GFR-related) factors than parathyroid hormone play the major role for renal handling of phosphate in chronic renal failure when GFR is below 25 ml/min.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1977

Bone composition and parathyroid function in chronic renal failure.

The development of bone abnormalities has been studied in 24 patients with severe chronic renal failure. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was between 5 and 25 ml/min. The mean values of plasma calcium, degree of bone mineralization (P/Hypro) and bone mineral content (BMC) were subnormal, whereas the mean values of plasma phosphorus and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) were elevated. Analysis of the data revealed that the various parameters became increasingly pathological with decreasing renal function. Serum PTH correlated inversely with both GFR and plasma calcium. The decrease in bone P/Hypro with decreasing renal function could be explained by an inverse correlation to serum PTH. Plasma alkaline phosphatase correlated inversely to both bone P/Hypro and BMC. The present study on individual patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency shows that the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism correlates with a reduction in the degree of bone P/Hypro and suggests that significant bone changes appear when the GFR falls below 15 ml/min.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Precision of single injection (51Cr)EDTA plasma clearance and endogenous creatinine clearance determinations in children.

The precision of two different clearance methods as used for routine assessment of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was investigated in thirty-one children aged 0.6-14 years: total [51Cr]EDTA plasma clearance (E) determined by a simplified single injection method; and 24 h endogenous creatinine clearance (C). Determination of C twice only succeeded in twenty children because of problems in collecting 24 h urine accurately. The precision (determined from the total day-to-day variation) for single determinations in patients with E greater than or equal to 80 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 5.5% for E and 13.8% for C. The corresponding figures for E less than 80 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 7.8% for E and 20.8% for C. Data in the literature on the inaccuracies of C and E versus GFR suggest that the degree of inaccuracy in predicting GFR from C is much higher than that from E, a feature which together with the present findings on precision indicates that E is much more reliable than C for routine determination of GFR in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Single injection (51Cr)EDTA plasma clearance determination in children using capillary blood samples.

The reliability of a determination of the total [51Cr]EDTA plasma clearance (E) (and with it the glomerular filtration rate), by a simplified single injection method (injected dose: 4.5 muCi per kg b.w.) using capillary blood samples (0.2 ml), was investigated in twenty children. Clearance values determined from capillary blood samples did not differ significantly from those measured simultaneously from venous blood samples, the mean ratio +/-SD being 1.02 +/- 0.06 (n = 10). The reproducibility (total day-to-day variation) of E determined from capillary blood samples was 6.7% in children with decreased renal function (n = 3) and 6.9% in children with normal renal function (n = 7). The present data indicate that the use of capillary blood samples is an accurate and very precise approach for determination of E in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Delimitation of plasma creatinine concentration values for assessment of relative renal function in adult patients.

Plasma creatinine concentrations and glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were determined simultaneously in 200 females and 180 males of various ages (20-79 years) covering all degrees of relative renal function: normal (greater than 75%); moderately impaired (75-52%); considerably impaired (51-28%); and severely impaired (greater than 28%). The percentages express GFR relative to corresponding age--and sex-dependent normal means. This relative parameter evaluates whether--and to what extent--the combined function of the two kidneys is affected by nephro-urological disorders. For practical purposes plasma creatinine was found to be independent of age in all function groups for both sexes. The data were used to delimit plasma creatinine concentrations for the assessment of relative renal function. For females the limits of plasma creatinine (mumol per litre) were: "normal" (less than 115); "moderately elevated" (115-150); "considerably elevated" (151-250); and "profoundly elevated" (greater than 250). The corresponding figures for males were: less than 128; 128-170; 171-270; and greater than 270.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Controlled trial of 1apha-hydroxycholecalciferol in chronic renal failure.

24 patients with chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration-rate (G.F.R.) 5-25 ml/min) participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the effects of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-H.C.C.) 1 mug daily for eleven weeks. This treatment induced significant increases in the intestinal absorption of calcium and in plasma-calcium which reached normal levels within two weeks. It also induced a significant reduction of the raised serum levels of parathyroid hormone. No significant changes were induced in plasma-phosphorus, plasma-alkaline-phosphatase, or in the degree of bone mineralisation as measured by the phosphorus/hydroxyproline ratio in bone. The bone mineral content in the forearm measured by photon absorptiometry decreased to the same extent in the 1alpha-H.C.C. groups and in the placebo group. The fall in G.F.R. over eleven weeks was 2-5 times greater in the 1alpha-H.C.C. group than in the placebo group, but this difference was not significant. It is concluded that 1alpha-H.C.C. treatment in chronic renal failure does not affect the progressive loss of calcium from bone despite normalisation of plasma-calcium.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A new technique for the localization of the cervix at 113mIn placental scintigraphy.

Sixty women in the third trimester of pregnancy were examined with 113mIn placental scintigraphy because of bleeding. In 24 of the cases, the scintigraphic procedure was initiated by application of a Meyers ring containing 113mIn round cervix. In the other cases, the fundus and the symphysis pubis were marked by means of a small radioactive source. Complete placenta praevia was correctly detected in 8 cases and marginal placenta in 4 cases. The scintigraphic localization of the placenta was correct in all the women where the ring was used, whereas when the external marked was used, seven errors occurred. The authors therefore recommend this new technique in order to facilitate the evaluation of the scintigrams.

Adult↗