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Biomedical subjects

J Broom

Publications and source records attributed to J Broom.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Whole blood and red cell ATP content in patients with peripheral vascular disease: the effect of cigarette smoking and oxpentifylline.

The relationship between erythrocyte ATP content and the presence of atherosclerotic peripheral occlusive vascular disease was investigated. In 20 elderly patients with severe peripheral vascular insufficiency (10 male, 10 female; age 68.8 +/- 12.5 years; Mean +/- SD) the mean erythrocyte ATP content was 1.57 +/- 0.16 mmol/litre. In a sex and age matched group (69.1 +/- 9.6 years) with no signs or symptoms of peripheral or myocardial ischaemia, erythrocyte ATP content did not differ significantly (1.49 +/- 0.29 mmol/litre). In young healthy volunteers, there was no difference in erythrocyte ATP content between males and females or between cigarette smokers and non-smokers, nor were the values for the young group different from those obtained from the elderly patients. The effect of oxpentifylline administration on erythrocyte ATP levels in patients with peripheral vascular disease was also studied. Administration of oxpentifylline (1.6 g per day in divided doses) over 7 days had no effect on erythrocyte ATP content in 10 patients (5 male, 5 female) with ischaemic lower limbs. These results suggest that measurement of erythrocyte ATP content is unlikely to be a useful index in the assessment of peripheral vascular disease.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1982

Severe hypoglycaemia due to combined use of parenteral nutrition and renal dialysis.

A 24-year-old woman who had sustained serious injuries in a road traffic accident required renal dialysis daily and was fed intravenously with a solution containing 25% dextrose. Subsequently insulin had to be added to the parenteral fluid to maintain blood glucose concentrations at physiological values. On one occasion parenteral feeding was continued until dialysis was started; she became comatose and the plasma glucose concentration was found to be less than 1 mmol/l (18 mg/100 ml). She responded rapidly to a 50 ml intravenous bolus of 50% dextrose. When parenteral feeding and dialysis are used simultaneously glucose passes across the semi-permeable membrane from the blood to the dialysate so that hypoglycaemia may occur. Insulin added to the parenteral fluid further decreases blood glucose concentrations. Stopping parenteral feeding 30-45 minutes before dialysis is started eliminates this danger of hypoglycaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The metabolic effects of isotonic amino acid infusion in surgical sepsis.

28 normally nourished adult male and female patients who had undergone major elective surgery were maintained on dextrose-free isotonic amino acid solutions as their sole nutritional support. In the 6 days after surgery, 15 patients had no septic complications, 9 developed superficial sepsis, and 4 developed a deep seated collection of pus or deep sepsis. Patients without infection developed and maintained a fasting metabolic fuel profile within the first 3 days and increasingly spared protein. Superficial sepsis caused a small depression in serum ketone body concentrations but did not otherwise alter the fasting profile. Moreover nitrogen balances and plasma albumin and transferrin concentrations were unaltered by superficial sepsis which is not the response usually recognised with infection. Metabolic adaptation to the fasting state was lost in patients with deep sepsis and nitrogen losses were increased with greater decreases in plasma albumin and transferrin.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Changes in body composition after thermal injury in the rat.

1. The effects on body composition, measured by direct techniques, of a controlled 25% body-surface-area thermal injury have been studied in two groups of forty male Wistar rats. 2. The extent of weight loss in the animals was directly related to their energy deficit resulting from a combination of injury, food intake and rat of wound healing. 3. Body fat proved the most labile source of tissue energy, decreasing to a minimum of approximately 30 g/kg body-weight. 4. Relationships between water and fat, and water and protein seen in control animals were not significantly different in the traumatized group.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effect of indomethacin on the biochemical response to fracture stress in rats.

After acclimatization to metabolic cages, groups of male Wistar rats were pretreated for 48 h with parenteral indomethacin to observe its effect on the biochemical response to femoral fracture stress. This trauma induced an average 2.3-fold rise in fibrinogen levels in all animals, which was maximal 24 h after injury. Indomethacin pretreatment caused a dose-related decrease in the plasma fibrinogen response 24 h after fracture: 1, 2, 10 or 20 mg/kg/day of drug reduced the response by approximately 3, 10, 13 and 23%. Fibrinogen levels in rats treated with high doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) of drug began to rise before fracture owing to intestinal ulceration. Plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and urine total catecholamine levels did not respond to either indomethacin treatment or to fracture but levels of both compounds rose gradually during the experiment. Indomethacin is an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis and prostglandins may therefore be involved in the metabolic response to stress.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the BAX system for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods: collaborative study.

A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX system and the standard cultural methods for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Six food types (frankfurters, soft cheese, smoked salmon, raw, ground beef, fresh radishes, and frozen peas) were analyzed by each method. For each food type, 3 inoculation levels were tested: high (average of 2 CFU/g), low (average of 0.2 CFU/g) and uninoculated controls. A total of 25 laboratories representing government and industry participated. Of the 2335 samples analyzed, 1109 were positive by the BAX system and 1115 were positive by the standard method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, except radishes, the BAX system performed as well as or better than the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.

Chi-Square Distribution↗